Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Evidence Of Human Exposure To Glyphosate: A Review, C. Gillezeau, M. Van Gerwen, R. M. Shaffer, I. Rana, L. Zhang, L. Sheppard, E. Taioli

Journal Articles

© 2019 The Author(s). Background: Despite the growing and widespread use of glyphosate, a broad-spectrum herbicide and desiccant, very few studies have evaluated the extent and amount of human exposure. Objective: We review documented levels of human exposure among workers in occupational settings and the general population. Methods: We conducted a review of scientific publications on glyphosate levels in humans; 19 studies were identified, of which five investigated occupational exposure to glyphosate, 11 documented the exposure in general populations, and three reported on both. Results: Eight studies reported urinary levels in 423 occupationally and para-occupationally exposed subjects; 14 studies reported …

Outcomes Of Pulmonary Resection In Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Older Than 70 Years Old, A. Tantraworasin, S. Siwachat, N. Tanatip, N. Lertprasertsuke, S. Kongkarnka, J. Euathrongchit, Y. Wannasopha, T. Suksombooncharoen, E. Taioli, S. Saeteng, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

© 2019 Background: An appropriate treatment of older lung cancer patients has become an important issue. The aim of this study is to evaluate the short and long-term surgical outcomes in lung cancer patients using 70 years as a cut-point, and to identify prognostic factors of cancer-specific mortality in patients older than 70 years. Methods: Medical records of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who underwent pulmonary resection at Chiang Mai University Hospital from January 2002 through December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into age less than 70 years (control group) and 70 years or more (study group). …

Changes In Quality Of Life After Surgery Or Radiotherapy In Early-Stage Lung Cancer, R. M. Schwartz, N. Alpert, K. Rosenzweig, R. Flores, E. Taioli

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Transfer Of Extracellular Vesicle-Associated-Rnas Induces Drug Resistance In Alk-Translocated Lung Adenocarcinoma, H. H. Kwok, Z. Ning, P. W. Chong, T. S. Wan, M. H. Ng, G. Y. Ho, M. S. Ip, D. C. Lam

Journal Articles

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) translocation is an actionable mutation in lung adenocarcinoma. Nonetheless tumour consists of heterogeneous cell subpopulations with diverse phenotypes and genotypes, and cancer cells can actively release extracellular vesicles (EVs) to modulate the phenotype of other cells in the tumour microenvironment. We hypothesized that EVs derived from a drug-resistant subpopulation of cells could induce drug resistance in recipient cells. We have established ALK-translocated lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and subclones. The subclones have been characterized and the expression of EV-RNAs determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The effects of …

Increased Incidence Of Thyroid Cancer Among World Trade Center First Responders: A Descriptive Epidemiological Assessment, S. Tuminello, M. A. Van Gerwen, E. Genden, M. Crane, W. Lieberman-Cribbin, E. Taioli

Journal Articles

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. An increased incidence of thyroid cancer among 9/11 rescue workers has been reported, the etiology of which remains unclear but which may, at least partly, be the result of the increased medical surveillance this group undergoes. This study aimed to investigate thyroid cancer in World Trade Center (WTC) responders by looking at the demographic data and questionnaire responses of thyroid cancer cases from the Mount Sinai WTC Health Program (WTCHP). WTCHP thyroid cancer tumors were of a similar size (p = 0.4), and were diagnosed at a similar age (p = …

A Quality Improvement Assessment Of The Delivery Of Mental Health Services Among Wtc Responders Treated In The Community, M. Bellehsen, J. Moline, R. Rasul, K. Bevilacqua, S. Schneider, J. Kornrich, R. M. Schwartz

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Molecular Study Of Thyroid Cancer In World Trade Center Responders, M. A. Van Gerwen, S. Tuminello, G. J. Riggins, T. B. Mendes, M. Donovan, E. K. Benn, E. Genden, J. M. Cerutti, E. Taioli

Journal Articles

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Thyroid cancer incidence is higher in World Trade Center (WTC) responders compared with the general population. It is unclear whether this excess in thyroid cancer is associated with WTC-related exposures or if instead there is an over-diagnosis of malignant thyroid cancer among WTC first responders due to enhanced surveillance and physician bias. To maximize diagnostic yield and determine the false positive rate for malignancy, the histological diagnoses of thyroid cancer tumors from WTC responders and age, gender, and histology matched non-WTC thyroid cancer cases were evaluated using biomarkers of malignancy. Using …

Dietary Inflammatory Index (Dii) And Risk Of Prostate Cancer In A Case–Control Study Among Black And White Us Veteran Men, A. C. Vidal, T. Oyekunle, L. E. Howard, N. Shivappa, A. De Hoedt, J. C. Figueiredo, E. Taioli, J. H. Fowke, P. H. Lin, S. J. Freedland, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

© 2019, Springer Nature America, Inc. Background: We hypothesized a pro-inflammatory diet would be associated with higher prostate cancer (PC) risk. Methods: We prospectively recruited incident PC cases (n = 254) and controls (n = 328) at the Durham Veteran Affairs, from 2007 to 2018. From a self-completed 61-item Food Frequency Questionnaire, we calculated dietary inflammatory index (DII ® ) scores with and without supplements. We examined the association between DII scores with and without supplements and overall PC risk using logistic regression and risk of low-grade PC (grade group 1) and high-grade PC (grade group 2–5) with multinomial logistic …

Change In Quality Of Life After A Cancer Diagnosis Among A Nationally Representative Cohort Of Older Adults In The Us, R. M. Schwartz, K. A. Ornstein, B. Liu, N. Alpert, K. G. Bevilacqua, E. Taioli

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Libby Amphibole Disease: Pulmonary Function And Ct Abnormalities In Vermiculite Miners, A. Miller, J. Szeinuk, C. W. Noonan, C. I. Henschke, J. Pfau, B. Black, D. F. Yankelevitz, M. Liang, Y. Liu, R. Flores, +3 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© Copyright 2017 American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Objective: This article describes radiologic and pulmonary function findings among miners exposed to Libby amphibole. Computed tomography (CT) permits the detection of the characteristic thin, lamellar pleural thickening (LPT). Methods: Individuals who worked at the mine for a minimum of 6 months had chest CT and pulmonary function tests. Results: Pleural thickening was noted in 223 (87%) of the 256 miners, parenchymal abnormalities in 49 (19%). LPT, found in 151 (68%), was associated with low values of forced vital capacity and diffusion capacity and significantly lower values in all pulmonary …

Thoracic Surgeon And Patient Focus Groups On Decision-Making In Early-Stage Lung Cancer Surgery, R. M. Schwartz, K. Gorbenko, S. M. Kerath, R. Flores, S. Ross, T. N. Taylor, E. Taioli, C. Henschke

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

The Influence Of Insurance Type On Stage At Presentation, Treatment, And Survival Between Asian American And Non-Hispanic White Lung Cancer Patients, A. Tantraworasin, E. Taioli, B. Liu, R. M. Flores, A. J. Kaufman

Journal Articles

© 2018 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The effect of insurance type on lung cancer diagnosis, treatment, and survival in Asian patients living in the United States is still under debate. We have analyzed this issue using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. There were 102,733 lung cancer patients age 18–64 years diagnosed between 2007 and 2013. Multilevel regression analysis was performed to identify the association between insurance types, stage at diagnosis, treatment modalities, and overall mortality in Asian and non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients. Clinical characteristics were significantly different between Asian and NHW …

Liver Cancer Disparities In New York City: A Neighborhood View Of Risk And Harm Reduction Factors, G. R. Kamath, E. Taioli, N. N. Egorova, J. M. Llovet, P. V. Perumalswami, J. J. Weiss, M. Schwartz, S. Ewala, N. A. Bickell

Journal Articles

© 2018 Kamath, Taioli, Egorova, Llovet, Perumalswami, Weiss, Schwartz, Ewala and Bickell. Introduction: Liver cancer is the fastest increasing cancer in the United States and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in New York City (NYC), with wide disparities among neighborhoods. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to describe liver cancer incidence by neighborhood and examine its association with risk factors. This information can inform preventive and treatment interventions. Materials and methods: Publicly available data were collected on adult NYC residents (n = 6,407,022). Age-adjusted data on liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer came from the …

Prevalence, Comorbidity, And Correlates Of Psychiatric And Substance Use Disorders And Associations With Hiv Risk Behaviors In A Multisite Cohort Of Women Living With Hiv, J. A. Cook, J. K. Burke-Miller, P. J. Steigman, R. M. Schwartz, N. A. Hessol, J. Milam, D. J. Merenstein, K. Anastos, E. T. Golub, M. H. Cohen

Journal Articles

© 2018, The Author(s). We used the World Health Organization’s Composite International Diagnostic Interview to determine the prevalence, comorbidity, and correlates of lifetime and 12-month behavioral health disorders in a multisite cohort of 1027 women living with HIV in the United States. Most (82.6%) had one or more lifetime disorders including 34.2% with mood disorders, 61.6% with anxiety disorders, and 58.3% with substance use disorders. Over half (53.9%) had at least one 12-month disorder, including 22.1% with mood disorders, 45.4% with anxiety disorders, and 11.1% with substance use disorders. Behavioral health disorder onset preceded HIV diagnosis by an average of …

The Development Of A Biobank Of Cancer Tissue Samples From World Trade Center Responders, W. Lieberman-Cribbin, S. Tuminello, C. Gillezeau, M. Van Gerwen, R. Brody, M. Donovan, E. Taioli

Journal Articles

© 2018 The Author(s). Background: World Trade Center (WTC) responders were exposed to mixture of dust, smoke, chemicals and carcinogens. Studies of cancer incidence in this population have reported elevated risks of cancer compared to the general population. There is a need to supplement current epidemiologic cancer follow-up with a cancer tissue bank in order to better elucidate a possible connection between each cancer and past WTC exposure. This work describes the implementation of a tissue bank system for the WTC newly diagnosed cancers, focused on advancing the understanding of the biology of these tumors. This will ultimately impact the …

Lack Of Access To Medical Care During Hurricane Sandy And Mental Health Symptoms, J. Ruskin, R. Rasul, S. Schneider, K. Bevilacqua, E. Taioli, R. M. Schwartz

Journal Articles

© 2018 The Authors Destruction caused by natural disasters compromises medical providers’ and hospitals’ abilities to administer care. Hurricane Sandy was particularly devastating, resulting in massive disruptions of medical care in the region. This study aimed to determine whether a lack of access to medical care during Hurricane Sandy was associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and other mental health/substance abuse outcomes. A secondary aim was to examine whether having a chronic illness moderates those associations. Self-reported medical access and mental health symptomatology were obtained from New York City and Long Island residents (n = 1669) following Hurricane Sandy …

Preliminary Assessment Of Hurricane Harvey Exposures And Mental Health Impact, R. M. Schwartz, S. Tuminello, S. M. Kerath, J. Rios, W. Lieberman-Cribbin, E. Taioli

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Controversies On Lung Cancers Manifesting As Part-Solid Nodules., R. Yip, K. Li, L. Liu, D. Xu, K. Tam, D. F. Yankelevitz, E. Taioli, B. Becker, C. I. Henschke

Journal Articles

PURPOSE: Summarise survival of patients with resected lung cancers manifesting as part-solid nodules (PSNs).

METHODS: PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for all studies/clinical trials on CT-detected lung cancer in English before 21 December 2015 to identify surgically resected lung cancers manifesting as PSNs. Outcome measures were lung cancer-specific survival (LCS), overall survival (OS), or disease-free survival (DFS). All PSNs were classified by the percentage of solid component to the entire nodule diameter into category PSNs

RESULTS: Twenty studies reported on PSNs

CONCLUSION: A clear definition of the upper limit of solid component of a PSN is needed to avoid …

Mesothelioma Patients With Germline Bap1 Mutations Have 7-Fold Improved Long-Term Survival, F. Baumann, E. Flores, A. Napolitano, S. Kanodia, E. Taioli, H. Pass, H. Yang, M. Carbone

Journal Articles

BRCA1-associated protein-1 (BAP1) mutations cause a new cancer syndrome, with a high rate of malignant mesothelioma (MM). Here, we tested the hypothesis that MM associated with germline BAP1 mutations has a better prognosis compared with sporadic MM. We compared survival among germline BAP1 mutation MM patients with that of all MM (N = 10 556) recorded in the United States Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data from 1973 to 2010. We identified 23 MM patients-11 alive-with germline BAP1 mutations and available data on survival. Ten patients had peritoneal MM, ten pleural MM and three MM in both locations. Thirteen …

Metformin And Myocardial Injury In Patients With Diabetes And St-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis, S. Basnet, A. Kozikowski, A. N. Makaryus, R. Pekmezaris, R. Zeltser, M. Akerman, M. Lesser, G. Wolf-Klein

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Tlr7 Influences Germinal Center Selection In Murine Sle, A. Boneparth, W. Huang, R. Bethunaickan, M. Woods, R. Sahu, S. Arora, M. Akerman, M. Lesser, A. Davidson

Journal Articles

TLR7 enhances germinal center maturation and migration of B cells to the dark zone where proliferation and somatic hypermutation occur. Our goal was to determine how Tlr7 dose influences selection of the autoreactive B cell repertoire in NZW/BXSB. Yaa mice bearing the site-directed heavy chain transgene 3H9 that encodes for the TLR7 regulated anti-CL response. To create a physiologic setting in which autoreactive B cells compete for survival with non-autoreactive B cells, we generated bone marrow chimeras in which disease onset occurred with similar kinetics and the transferred 3H9+ female non-Yaa, male Yaa or male TLR7(-/Yaa) cells could be easily …

The Glass Is Half Full: Evidence For Efficacy Of Alcohol-Wise At One University But Not The Other, K. Croom, L. Staiano-Coico, M. Lesser, D. K. Lewis, V. F. Reyna, T. C. Marchell, J. Frank, S. Ives

Journal Articles

This research extends the growing literature about online alcohol prevention programs for first-year college students. Two independent randomized control studies, conducted at separate universities, evaluated the short-term effectiveness of Alcohol-Wise, an online alcohol prevention program not previously studied. It was hypothesized the prevention program would increase alcohol knowledge and reduce alcohol consumption, including high-risk alcohol-related behaviors, among first-year college students. At both universities, the intervention significantly increased alcohol-related knowledge. At one university, the prevention program also significantly reduced alcohol consumption and high-risk drinking behaviors, such as playing drinking games, heavy drinking, and extreme ritualistic alcohol consumption. Implications for the use …

Differential Expression Of Circulating Micrornas According To Severity Of Colorectal Neoplasia, G. Y. Ho, H. J. Jung, R. E. Schoen, T. Wang, J. Lin, Z. Williams, J. L. Weissfeld, J. Y. Park, O. Loudig, Y. Suh

Journal Articles

There is a need to develop a colorectal cancer (CRC) screening test that is noninvasive, cost effective, and sensitive enough to detect preneoplastic lesions. This case-control study examined the feasibility of using circulating extracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) to differentiate a spectrum of colorectal neoplasia of various severity and hence for early detection of colorectal neoplasia. Archived serum samples of 10 normal controls and 31 cases, including 10 with nonadvanced adenoma, 10 with advanced adenoma, and 11 with CRC, were profiled for circulating miRNAs using next-generation sequencing. Multiple linear regression, adjusting for age, gender, and smoking status, compared controls and the 3 …

Breast Cancer Risk In Metabolically Healthy But Overweight Postmenopausal Women, M. J. Gunter, X. Xie, X. Xue, G. C. Kabat, T. E. Rohan, S. Wassertheil-Smoller, G. Y. Ho, J. Wylie-Rosett, J. Beasley, H. D. Strickler, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Adiposity is an established risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer. Recent data suggest that high insulin levels in overweight women may play a major role in this relationship, due to insulin's mitogenic/antiapoptotic activity. However, whether overweight women who are metabolically healthy (i.e., normal insulin sensitivity) have elevated risk of breast cancer is unknown. We investigated whether overweight women with normal insulin sensitivity [i.e., homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, or fasting insulin level, within the lowest quartile (q1)] have increased breast cancer risk. Subjects were incident breast cancer cases (N = 497) and a subcohort (N = 2,830) …

Circulating Adipokines And Inflammatory Markers And Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk, M. J. Gunter, T. Wang, M. Cushman, X. Xue, S. Wassertheil-Smoller, H. D. Strickler, T. E. Rohan, J. E. Manson, A. Mctiernan, G. Y. Ho, +5 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Adipokines and inflammation may provide a mechanistic link between obesity and postmenopausal breast cancer, yet epidemiologic data on their associations with breast cancer risk are limited. METHODS: In a case-cohort analysis nested within the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study, a prospective cohort of postmenopausal women, baseline plasma samples from 875 incident breast cancer case patients and 839 subcohort participants were tested for levels of seven adipokines, namely leptin, adiponectin, resistin, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, hepatocyte growth factor, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and for C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory marker. Data were analyzed by multivariable Cox modeling that included established …

Effectiveness Of Fecal-Derived Microbiota Transfer Using Orally Administered Capsules For Recurrent Clostridium Difficile Infection, B. E. Hirsch, N. Saraiya, K. Poeth, R. M. Schwartz, M. E. Epstein, G. Honig

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), a complication of antibiotic-induced injury to the gut microbiome, is a prevalent and dangerous cause of infectious diarrhea. Antimicrobial therapy for CDI is typically effective for acute symptoms, but up to one third of patients later experience recurrent CDI. Fecal-derived microbiota transplantation (FMT) can ameliorate the underlying dysbiosis and is highly effective for recurrent CDI. Traditional methods of FMT are limited by patient discomfort, risk and inefficient procedures. Many individuals with recurrent CDI have extensive comorbidities and advanced age. Widespread use of FMT requires strategies that are non-invasive, scalable and applicable across healthcare settings. METHODS: …

Seasonal Variations Of Complete Blood Count And Inflammatory Biomarkers In The Us Population - Analysis Of Nhanes Data, B. Liu, E. Taioli

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Recent studies reported seasonal differences in gene expression in white blood cells, adipose tissue, and inflammatory biomarkers of the immune system. There is no data on the seasonal variations of these biomarkers in the US general population of both children and adults. Then aim of this study is to explore the seasonal trends in complete blood count (CBC), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in a large non-institutionalized US population. METHODS: Seven cross-sectional data collected in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during 1999-2012 were aggregated; participants reporting recent use of prescribed steroids, chemotherapy, immunomodulators and antibiotics were excluded. …

Oral Bisphosphonate Use And Risk Of Postmenopausal Endometrial Cancer, P. A. Newcomb, M. N. Passarelli, A. I. Phipps, G. L. Anderson, J. Wactawski-Wende, G. Y. Ho, M. J. O'Sullivan, R. T. Chlebowski

Journal Articles

PURPOSE: Bisphosphonates are common medications used for the treatment of osteoporosis and are also used to reduce metastases to bone in patients with cancer. Several studies, including the Women's Health Initiative (WHI), have found that use of bisphosphonates is associated with reduced risk of developing breast cancer, but less is known about associations with other common malignancies. This study was aimed at examining the effects of bisphosphonates on the risk of endometrial cancer. METHODS: We evaluated the relationship between use of oral bisphosphonates and endometrial cancer risk in a cohort of 89,918 postmenopausal women participating in the WHI. A detailed …

Heart Failure: An Exploration Of Recent Advances In Research And Treatment (A), A. Szema, A. Mclarty, H. Skopicki, M. Bloom, R. Jermyn

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Emerging Novel Therapies For Heart Failure, A. M. Szema, S. Dang, J. C. Li

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.