Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Fall 2021

Scientia

A Decade of Progress and Success; Speech Language Pathology Program; COVID-19 Long-Hauler Study; Peer Mentors Initiative; Faculty Update; Expert Engagement: Three CSH initiatives further education and scholarship while supporting communities in need; Strategic Command: Business consultant and med tech expert Stephen Sichak helps others face pandemic challenges; Taking Care: A School of Nursing research team plumbs the pandemic experiences of nurses nationwide

Meet Me In The Middle: A Scoping Review On Understanding Adolescent Needs In Climate Communication, Gwendolyn Monica Hoff Anderson

Master's Projects and Capstones

The greatest effects of climate change are likely to be felt by youth. Young people are disproportionately affected by climate change due to their critical developmental stage and lack of power, and they experience both higher severity and prevalence of mental health issues related to climate change. Strong emotions have long been recognized as potential catalysts for action, or they may lead to paralyzing feelings of being overwhelmed. Climate communication is a critical tool to spark climate concern and encourage action. Activism, in turn, may help youth manage their anxiety about climate change. This scoping review examines emerging evidence on …

Building Sustainable Environmental Activism Programs For Youth, Aminah Habib

Master's Projects and Capstones

As the negative impacts of climate change become more and more common across the United States, many youth are experiencing eco-anxiety or other negative mental health impacts due to the state of the environment. Engaging with activism has been named as a potential mitigator of the negative impacts of climate change among youth, but the relationship between activism and youth well-being is an emerging area of research. To explore this relationship, this scoping review explored and synthesized available literature to inform the next steps. In addition to the community-level and society-level contributions that come from youth activism, there are also …

A Focused Review Of Multidimensional Well-Being Assessments, Samantha Schonhardt, Stephanie Sullivan, Rebecca Shisler Marshall

Journal of Wellness

Introduction: Interest in the topic of well-being continues to grow and has resulted in the creation of a variety of well-being assessments. However, each assessment often brings its own terminology, theories, definitions, and dimensions. This creates a muddled research base that produces inconsistencies in the field of well-being. Therefore, the aim of this review was to identify assessments that measure multiple dimensions of well-being, catalogue and group the dimensions into categories, and develop definitions for the categories based on the conceptualizations in the literature. In doing so, the dimensionality of well-being portrayed in the literature can be better understood. …

Urban Land-Based Healing: A Northern Intervention Strategy, Nicole Redvers, Melanie Nadeau, Donald Prince

Indigenous Health Faculty Publications

Urban Indigenous populations face significant health and social disparities across Canada. With high rates of homelessness and substance abuse, there are often few options for urban Indigenous Peoples to access land-based healing programs despite the increasingly known and appreciated benefits. In May 2018, the first urban land-based healing camp opened in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada, one of the first to our knowledge in Canada or the United States. This camp may serve as a potential model for an Indigenous-led and Indigenous-based healing camp in an urban setting. We seek to present preliminary outcome data from the healing camp in a …

Factors In Primary Care Use Among Young Adult Refugees From Burma And Bhutan In Early Resettlement: Findings From Colorado, Sarah Brewer, Jini Puma

Journal of Refugee & Global Health

Background: Young adult refugees have suboptimal primary care use in early resettlement—domains of integration influence primary care engagement during this time.

Methods: Adjusted logistic regression models were used to estimate odds of (1) having a primary care exam and (2) identification of a primary care provider (PCP) as predicted by domains of integration among young adult refugees (n=154) from Burma and Bhutan across four years following resettlement.

Results: Overall integration and predisposing factors, such as language and cultural knowledge, were lower odds of having a primary care provider. Enabling factors such as having insurance and knowing how to make an …

Investigating Stigma During The Early Stages Of A Pandemic Through The Lens Of Covid-19, Zach Thornton, Bethany Hodge, Sheridan Langford

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Background: Individuals face stigma associated with numerous health conditions. Stigma can arise rapidly during the early spread of a new disease, adding to the burden felt by those affected. COVID-19 can be used as an example to study stigma during the early phases of a pandemic. This narrative review is a descriptive analysis that tracks the ways in which COVID-19 stigma was discussed in the scholarly literature during the first year of the pandemic to understand how stigma was viewed in the context of a rapidly spreading pandemic.

Methods: PubMed was used as a non-exhaustive sample of the literature. Searches …

Development Of Food-Based Recommendation And Nutrient-Dense Meal For Female Shift Workers In West Java, Indonesia, Shanti Puji Lestari, Nuri Purwito Adi, Umi Fahmida, Dian Kusuma Dewi, Muchtaruddin Mansyur

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia

Introduction. Some manufacturing industries employ not only male workers but also female workers, who are required to undergo shift work. Given the altered eating habits as well as metabolic and endocrine profiles of shift workers, this will affect their nutritional needs. Considering that anemia that occurs in female workers is primarily nutritional anemia, this becomes a challenge in the field of occupational nutrition, especially in terms of preparing food for female workers in accordance with their nutritional needs. The aim of the study is to develop a set of FBR for female shift workers using the Linear Programming (LP) approach. …

A Work-Related Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis In A Worker Exposed To Heat Stress: A Case Report, Shanti Puji Lestari, Muchtaruddin Mansyur

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia

Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis (TPP) is an uncommon disorder, characterized by the triad of acute hypokalemia, muscle paralysis, and thyrotoxicosis. Attacks are typically transient, last hours to days, and may be triggered by many conditions, including exposure to heat stress in both indoor and outdoor activities. Indoor workers, especially those working around furnaces, ovens, smelters, and boilers, are at a higher heat stress risk, even higher risk if they have other individual factors such as obesity, dehydration, slower heat acclimation, consume certain medications and presence of underlying diseases. A 48-year-old man presented a sudden onset weakness in all four limbs, associated …

The Effect Of Physical Training Program For Fitness Improvement On Sickness Absence Of Workers At A Chemical Company In Indonesia, Anita Johan, Aria Kekalih, Nuri Purwito Adi, Ambar W. Roestam, Dewi S. Soemarko

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia

Introduction. Sickness absence, which can be caused by an unhealthy lifestyle, is an important productivity parameter for the company. Therefore, there are many wellness programs developed in the workplace in an effort to improve workers’ health, fitness, and productivity. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a physical training program for fitness improvement (VO2 max value) on sickness absence. Methods. This study was conducted by observing the results of the workers' physical training program in the chemical company during 2018, using a cohort retrospective design. SPSS Statistics version 22.0 was used for analysis, with the chi-square …

The Importance Of Occupational Health Service In The Era Of Vuca And The Dissemination Of Related Research Results, Muchtaruddin Mansyur

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia

Worldwide have been facing the era of dynamic life with the rapidly changing global situation for decades. This era is colored by volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA) situation that is aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. We have all experienced the VUCA situation with the COVID-19 Pandemic that has lasted over 2 years. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)1 report should be a common reference for dealing with situations that are not just uncertain but also called “uncertainty complexes”. So-called because its dimensions take on a new form that has never been seen before in human history. The complexity of …

Could Hypertension In Radiographers Associated With Low Ionizing Radiation Exposure? An Evidence-Based Case Report, Rita I. Wijaya, Levina C Khoe, Muchtaruddin Mansyur

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia

Low-dose ionizing radiation exposure (<0.5 Gy) may give rise to circulation disorders. Nevertheless, it is not yet known whether low-dose ionizing radiation exposure can cause hypertension. A 27-year-old male patient, who is a radiographer, consulted regarding the result of his periodic check-up with the result of hypertension. He also said that his electrocardiogram (ECG) examination in the previous year's periodic check-up suggested a poor result, but he couldn't remember what the cardiologist told him. Could hypertension in radiographers be associated with ionizing radiation exposure at work? The literature was searched via PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane. One relevant article was found that met the inclusion criteria. A cohort study by Preetha R, et al (2015) showed no relationship between the risk of hypertension with fluoroscopically guided interventional procedures (FGIP) exposure. The selected article is quite valid but not in importance. Therefore, it did not apply to the case patient. Since research about this matter is still rare, there was only one suitable article found, so the causal relationship still cannot be proven. Further research is recommended using better exposure and outcome measures.

A Cohort Retrospective Study Of Framingham Score And Ecg Abnormality Among Coal Mining Workers, Faizal Ablansah Anandita, Isman Firdaus, Rino Alvani Gani, Retno Asti Werdhani, Muchtaruddin Mansyur

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia

Introduction. ECG is widely used for detecting cardiovascular disease in coal mine worker’s medical check-up. As the study has proven, coal mine workers have a double cardiovascular risk from their workplace hazard and their own medical risks as individuals. An early detection and risk assessment method is needed to predict ECG abnormalities in the future. This study will analyze the relationship between ECG abnormality and Framingham Risk Score on coal mine workers’. Methods. We examine ECG result from medical check-up of male coal worker during 2018 and 2021. Using Minnesota Code, we determine ECG abnormality categories in the 2021 result, …

The Analysis Of Risk Factors Affecting The Proportion Of Standard Threshold Shift Among Manufacturing Workers, Firly Ratsmita, Muhammad Ilyas, Liem Jen Fuk, Dewi S. Soemarko, Levina Chandra

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia

Introduction. About 82% of cases of hearing loss due to employment occur in workers in the manufacturing sector. The prevalence of hearing loss has a permanent impact that can be detected by standard threshold shift (STS). The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between individual and occupational risk factors on the proportion of STS. Methods. The research was a cross-sectional study on employees with noise exposure. The independent variables include individual factors such as age, history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, smoking, body mass index, and occupational factors such as the history of chemical exposures, working …

Living Healthier: A Grounded Theory Of Older Adult With Prehypertension, Junjira Seesawang, Pulawit Thongtang

Journal of Health Research

Background: To prevent hypertension and long-term risk of cardiovascular events, older adults with prehypertension have to adhere to preventive behaviors. Little is known about the experience of adherence to preventive behavior among older adults with prehypertension.

Method: A constructivist grounded theory approach was used to develop a model explaining the process of adherence to preventive behavior among older adults with prehypertension living in Thailand. Participants were recruited using purposive and theoretical samplings from two primary health care units in Western Thailand. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 participants. All interview data collection was recorded, transcribed, and analyzed simultaneously. Initial and …

Hand Hygiene Behaviors Associated With Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Infection, Piyaporn Towannang, Aurawamon Sriyuktasuth, Doungrut Wattanakitkrileart, Talerngsak Kanjanabuch

Journal of Health Research

Background: Hand hygiene (HH) is an effective strategy to prevent infections. This study aimed to explore the association between HH behavior among peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients or caregivers and PD-related infection.

Method: A single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted among PD patients and primary caregivers of totally-dependent PD patients. Data were collected through a participant information form and three different questionnaires about knowledge of HH, facilities for HH, and HH behavior. Documentation of PD-related infections were obtained from patients’ medical records during the last 12 months. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data.

Results: A total …

Effect Of The Culturally Tailored Diabetes Prevention Program For At-Risk Thai Muslim People In Semi-Urban Areas, Yuparat Odglun, Kitti Sranacharoenpong, Nattvara Nirdnoy

Journal of Health Research

Background: Lifestyle intervention is effective in preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The efficacy of intervention components across different sociocultural settings is relevant for real world implementation. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a culturally tailored diabetes prevention program (CTDPP) for at-risk Muslim people in Thailand.

Method: The CTDPP was developed and culturally adapted based on formative research. Participants at risk for diabetes were recruited and randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n=60) or the control group (n=59). Study group subjects participated in the CTDPP for 3 months. Control group subjects received only routine self-care recommendations …

Review Of Alcohol And Drug Treatment For Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Peoples, Marguerite Tracy, Bradley Freeburn, Kylie Lee, Julie Woods, Kate Conigrave

Journal of the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet

This review provides an overview of treatments for problem alcohol and other drug (AOD) use for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. It includes information on the available research and discusses core principles for providing treatment. The review outlines how effective mainstream treatment approaches can be adapted to be more suitable for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander ways of being or worldview. It also highlights that services, such as those offered by Aboriginal community controlled health organisations are in a unique position to offer culturally secure treatment approaches. The barriers to accessing treatment are discussed as well as recommendations for …

Neighborhood Condition Prevalence Rates Correlate With Covid-19 Mortality In Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, George L. Morris Iii

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: We sought to determine if census tract-level (ie, neighborhood) COVID-19 death rates in Milwaukee County correlated with the census tract-level condition prevalence rates (CPRs) for individual COVID-19 mortality risk.

Methods: This study used Milwaukee County-reported COVID-19 death rates per 100,000 lives for the 296 census tracts within the county to perform a linear regression with individual COVID-19 mortality risk CPR, mean age, racial composition of census tract (by percentage of non-White residents), and poverty (by percentage within census tract), followed by multiple regression with all 7 CPRs as well as the 7 CPRs combined with the additional demographic variables. …

Identification Of Cancer Related Risk And Protective Factors For American Indian Youth: A Mixed Studies Review, Melanie Nadeau, Kathryn Wise, Vianca Farfan Cuela, Devon Olson, Karan Saravana

Indigenous Health Faculty Publications

Introduction: Many causes of cancer related morbidity and mortality can be traced back to childhood behaviors. The culmination of cancer related risk and protective factors impacting the health and wellbeing of American Indian youth is unknown. The aim of this Mixed Studies Review was to identify cancer related risk and protective factors among American Indian youth. Results will be shared with Tribal communities to inform surveillance efforts.

Methods: A Mixed Studies Review process was deemed most appropriate for the search process and data collection. 7 databases were included in the search along with 3 databases that were hand searched. Google …

Providers’ Stigmas And The Effects On Patients With Opioid Use Disorder: A Scoping Review, Peyton Skaggs, Sarah Beth Bell, F. Douglas Scutchfield Md, Lauren E. Robinson

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: One of the most prevalent, dangerous stigmas in health care is the complex bias toward patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). This stigma damages the vital patient–provider relationship, further perpetuating the opioid epidemic.

Purpose: Unfortunately, research on the relationship between OUD and provider stigma is greatly lacking. To fill this gap, the present in-depth study undertakes a scoping review of research on providers’ stigma toward OUD in order to determine how enacted stigma affects treatment plans.

Methods: Four databases were used to identify articles published from 1999 to 2021. A comprehensive search strategy was developed through a collaborative process …

The Relationship Between Psychosocial Factors, Self-Care, And Blood Sugar In An Appalachian Population, Brittany L. Smalls, Md. Tofial Azam, Madeline Dunfee, Philip M. Westgate, Susan C. Westneat, Nancy Schoenberg

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Appalachian residents are more likely than other populations to have Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and to experience more severe complications from the disease, including excess and premature mortality.

Methods: This study examines health alongside sociodemographic factors, psychosocial factors (including knowledge, empowerment, social support/function, religiosity, distress), and perceived problems in diabetes management that may influence self-care and HbA1c among vulnerable rural residents. A survey of a community–based sample of 356 adults with diagnosed diabetes or HbA1c > 6.5 was conducted in six counties in Appalachian Kentucky.

Results: Findings suggest that neither religiosity nor social support/function mediate/moderate the relationship between psychosocial …

Preparing For The Next Disaster: Lessons Learned From The Early Experiences Of Autistic Adults During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Amber Pomponio Davidson, Cecilia Feeley, Beth Pfeiffer, Mark Salzer

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Disasters, such as the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, create significant disruptions for individuals and their communities. Understanding these disruptions is a first step towards planning for future events and disaster recovery. This research aims to explore how the initial COVID-19 restrictions, including lockdowns, impacted adults with Autism (ASD). Method: Using semi-structured interviews to understand how individuals with ASD experienced the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, twelve participants were interviewed: six individuals with ASD (ages 20-38), three parents of individuals with ASD, and three support staff for individuals with ASD. Analysis: Grounded theory methods were used to analyze the impacts …

The Factors That Influence Clinicians To Choose Rural Settings To Deliver Health Services, Julia Mattingly

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Years before the COVID-19 pandemic brought on a health care shortage in the United States, its rural areas were already struggling to obtain and attract primary care medical practitioners. The federal government has designed many programs with the intent of exposing clinicians to life in rural areas, but few have been successful at keeping medical practitioners in the long-term. Clinicians who are recruited to rural areas via loan repayment programs or other short-lived incentives often leave after only a few years.

In order to learn more about this long-running health policy problem, we set out to study the factors that …

Still, We Thrive: Understanding How Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, And Other Men Who Have Sex With Men (Gbtmsm) Experience Structural Barriers & Facilitators To Wellness, Lucas Gergyek

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Historically and concurrently, structural violence has been a significant force influencing the sexual health and broader health of gay, bisexual, transgender and other men who have sex with men (GBTMSM). Yet to date, the majority of projects exploring the health inequities facing GBTMSM have focused on intrapsychic and behavioural factors as most related to poor health outcomes. As well, these studies are sometimes deficits focused, and fail to evaluate how GBTMSM continue to thrive, and maintain positive health. As a result, the ways in which systems and policies underlie and perpetuate health inequities facing GBTMSM have been somewhat obscured. Connectedly, …

Understanding The Public Health Role, Motivations, And Perceptions Of Community Health Workers Deployed To Low-Income Housing In Richmond, Virginia, Iyabo Obasanjo, Alison Scott, Monica Griffin, Amma Agyemang-Duah, Charlie Westhoff, Stephanie Toney, Patrice Shelton

Arts & Sciences Articles

Background

Method

Relationships Between Self-Regulation And Use Of Parenting Strategies For Eating And Physical Activity Behaviors Among Mexican-Heritage Mothers, Haley Delgado, M. Renee Umstattd Meyer, Tyler Prochnow, Megan Mcclendon, Joseph R. Sharkey

Health Behavior Research

It is important to understand theoretically based support behaviors that can promote healthy eating and active living among Mexican-heritage mothers. This study examined the relationship between maternal self-regulation (the capacity to plan, guide, and monitor one’s behavior flexibly in the face of changing circumstances) and use of parenting strategies among mothers residing along the Texas-Mexico border. Mothers (n = 116) were recruited from three geographic regions within Hidalgo County, Texas. A 21-item survey was administered to measure self-regulation through goal setting and limit setting. The Parenting Strategies for Eating and Activity Scale (PEAS) was used to measure parenting strategies …

Reliability, Validity, And Exploratory Factor Analyses Of Gentrification Health Research Measures, Christopher Williams, Nathaniel Woodard, Charlene Chao-Li Kuo

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Background

Gentrification is a type of neighborhood change (NC) that causes demographic shifts and improvement in the built environment. Adverse health outcomes associated with NC have not been consistently established in the literature. Yet, major methodological barriers define this field of study including lack of tailored and culturally relevant measures. This aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of novel and adapted NC measures that sought to improve appropriateness for all literacy levels, to enhance survey efficiency, and to assess features of the built environment.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study in a highly gentrifying neighborhood in …

Filipino Physical Therapists’ Practice And Perspectives On Non-Treatment Physical Activity For Older Adults, Frances Rom M. Lunar, Attilah Mae B. Alog, Alexa Ds Tanchuling, Kristen Mari Andal, Beatrice Camille Chan, Daniel C. Chua, Claire Beatrice Martinez, Ma. Anna Carmina D. Orlino, Jem Bettina G. Tan, Koji A. Katakura Jr., Marvin Louie S. Ignacio

Philippine Journal of Physical Therapy

Introduction:

Studies have already investigated the practice of physical therapists (PTs) in promoting non-treatment physical activity (NTPA). However, these were done in the context of mostly western settings or were not specific to older adult practice. It is still unclear if a similar level of practice and perspectives on NTPA promotion exists in a setting where physical therapy is more associated with rehabilitation than health promotion, such as in the Philippines. Therefore, this study aimed to describe Filipino PTs' knowledge of WHO physical activity (PA) guidelines and their use of behavioral change techniques (BCTs) and theories when promoting PA in …

History Of Falls, Mild Cognitive Impairment, And The Presence Of Home Environmental Hazards Among Community-Dwelling Older Persons In District V, Manila, Marilou J. Raval, Donald S. Lipardo

Philippine Journal of Physical Therapy

Introduction: It is important to investigate factors that may increase the fall risk in the geriatric population. This study aimed to determine the relationship between: 1) mild cognitive impairments (MCI) and history of falls; 2) home environmental hazards (HEH) and history of falls; and 3) MCI and HEHs among older adults.

Methods: Community-dwelling older persons of District V, Manila were random sampled to participate in this cross-sectional correlational study. The Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool for Health Professionals (HOMEFAST-HP) and Fall History Questionnaire were used to collect information on the presence of HEH and history of falls, respectively. Chi-Square …