Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- Chapman University (13)
- The Texas Medical Center Library (11)
- Old Dominion University (10)
- University of Kentucky (10)
- Ouachita Baptist University (4)
-
- Rowan University (3)
- University of Central Florida (3)
- University of Connecticut (3)
- Virginia Commonwealth University (3)
- Washington University in St. Louis (3)
- Florida International University (2)
- Georgia Southern University (2)
- Illinois Math and Science Academy (2)
- Montclair State University (2)
- Parkland College (2)
- Purdue University (2)
- Technological University Dublin (2)
- Universitas Indonesia (2)
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (2)
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (2)
- University of New Hampshire (2)
- University of Puget Sound (2)
- University of Vermont (2)
- Western Kentucky University (2)
- Western University (2)
- American University in Cairo (1)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (1)
- Claremont Colleges (1)
- Concordia University St. Paul (1)
- Edith Cowan University (1)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Dissertations & Theses (Open Access) (9)
- Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research (8)
- Bioelectrics Publications (4)
- Honors Theses (4)
- Theses and Dissertations (4)
-
- Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations (3)
- Honors Undergraduate Theses (3)
- Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters (3)
- A with Honors Projects (2)
- Annual Postdoctoral Science Symposium Abstracts (2)
- Articles (2)
- Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works (2)
- Doctoral Dissertations (2)
- Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications (2)
- FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations (2)
- Graduate College Dissertations and Theses (2)
- Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2)
- Honors College Theses (2)
- Honors Scholar Theses (2)
- Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Faculty Scholarship (2)
- Student Publications & Research (2)
- The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium (2)
- Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications (1)
- Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research (1)
- Biostatistics Faculty Publications (1)
- CMC Senior Theses (1)
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry Faculty Publications (1)
- Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects (1)
- Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications (1)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (1)
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 30 of 115
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
The Transmission Of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Kunjal Patel, Aleesha Thomas
The Transmission Of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Kunjal Patel, Aleesha Thomas
Mako: NSU Undergraduate Student Journal
The existence of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OPSCC) has recently been found to have correlations with the Human Papillomavirus. HPV-associated OPSCC exhibits a unique method of infection and transmission and has made this branch an emerging disease in the recent decade. This systematic review of the literature was conducted to further explore research into Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Cancer (OPSCC). Commonly referred to as “throat cancer”, this growth originates in the oropharynx. Symptoms of this condition include sore throat, lumps in the neck, and difficulty with swallowing. OPSCC has many variants but has shown a strong association with Human Papillomavirus (HPV), …
Targeting Strategies To Optimize The Therapeutic Potential Of Gold Compounds Against Her2-Positive Breast Cancers, Afruja Ahad
Targeting Strategies To Optimize The Therapeutic Potential Of Gold Compounds Against Her2-Positive Breast Cancers, Afruja Ahad
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The overexpression of HER2 accounts for 20-30% of breast cancer tumors and not only serves as a marker for poor predictive clinical outcomes but also as a target for treatment. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) combine the selectivity of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs to provide targeted treatment without toxicity to normal tissue. Most of the ADCs currently in the clinic for cancer chemotherapy are based on complex organic molecules. In contrast, the conjugation of metallodrugs to mAbs has been overlooked when there is enormous potential in this area with the resurgence of metal-based drugs as prospective cancer …
Machine Learning As A Tool For Early Detection: A Focus On Late-Stage Colorectal Cancer Across Socioeconomic Spectrums, Hadiza Galadima, Rexford Anson-Dwamena, Ashley Johnson, Ghalib Bello, Georges Adunlin, James Blando
Machine Learning As A Tool For Early Detection: A Focus On Late-Stage Colorectal Cancer Across Socioeconomic Spectrums, Hadiza Galadima, Rexford Anson-Dwamena, Ashley Johnson, Ghalib Bello, Georges Adunlin, James Blando
Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications
Purpose: To assess the efficacy of various machine learning (ML) algorithms in predicting late-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnoses against the backdrop of socio-economic and regional healthcare disparities. Methods: An innovative theoretical framework was developed to integrate individual- and census tract-level social determinants of health (SDOH) with sociodemographic factors. A comparative analysis of the ML models was conducted using key performance metrics such as AUC-ROC to evaluate their predictive accuracy. Spatio-temporal analysis was used to identify disparities in late-stage CRC diagnosis probabilities. Results: Gradient boosting emerged as the superior model, with the top predictors for late-stage CRC diagnosis being anatomic site, …
Early Stage Or Curable Cancer Diagnoses In Minorities: A Journey Of Survivors, Lora Asberry
Early Stage Or Curable Cancer Diagnoses In Minorities: A Journey Of Survivors, Lora Asberry
Master of Science in Integrative Biology Theses
Patients diagnosed with early-staged or curable forms of cancer experience physical, as well as, mental challenges associated with disease progression and treatment. Previous studies have demonstrated that minorities and underrepresented communities did not receive the same level of care in comparison to their non-minority counterparts. Previous studies have also demonstrated that health disparities among minorities affected their cancer journey. This study addressed: how medical disparities varied between minorities and non-minorities, the overall effects of the cancer diagnoses in minorities compared to non-minorities, whether these perspectives differed in male vs. female participants, and whether there were any possible communication barriers between …
Atomistic Assessment Of Drug-Phospholipid Interactions Consequent To Cancer Treatment: A Study Of Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity, Yara Elsayed Ahmed
Atomistic Assessment Of Drug-Phospholipid Interactions Consequent To Cancer Treatment: A Study Of Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity, Yara Elsayed Ahmed
Theses and Dissertations
Despite being one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents developed to date, Anthracyclines are notorious for their cardiotoxicity. Their clinical use is frequently limited both in dosage and in prescription due to the severe cardiac damage they cause. The mechanism of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is not yet fully understood. However, it is hypothesized that interactions with the myocardial membrane play an important role in imparting cardiotoxicity. In this study, we use molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations to study the anthracycline drug molecules and the interactions that they have with the myocardial membrane. We construct a myocardial membrane model …
Synthesis, Characterization And Biological Evaluation Of Polyarginine Derived Bone-Targeting Peptides, Gina L. Antuono
Synthesis, Characterization And Biological Evaluation Of Polyarginine Derived Bone-Targeting Peptides, Gina L. Antuono
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Osteoblast-targeting peptides in the treatment of bone disease is a new and novel approach to offering effective treatment of various cancers and can be used in bio-medical, medicinal chemistry and biotechnology applications. By targeting adhesion proteins produced by osteoblast cells, certain cancers which migrate and metastasize to the bone may be more effectively treated. An osteoblast-targeting peptide composed of Ser-Asp-Ser-Ser-Asp (SDSSD) which selectively binds to osteoblast cells via periostin has recently been identified. This peptide was functionalized with polyurethane, generating nanomicelles which encapsulated RNA for the therapeutic treatment of osteoporosis. This study has served as the basis for the research …
A Dna-Peptide Crosslink (Dpc) Increases Mutagenicity In Sos-Induced Escherichia Coli, Alessandra Bassani
A Dna-Peptide Crosslink (Dpc) Increases Mutagenicity In Sos-Induced Escherichia Coli, Alessandra Bassani
Honors Scholar Theses
Bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, have an inducible system in response to DNA damage termed the SOS response. This system is activated when the replicative DNA polymerase (Pol) III encounters a lesion, uncouples from DNA helicase, and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) accumulates at the replication fork. In this study, we investigated DNA-peptide crosslink (DpC), a common lesion that results from cross-linking of proteins or peptides, UV irradiation, and alkylating agents. To increase survival following formation of a lesion, the SOS response can utilize homologous recombination, translesion synthesis (TLS), or excision repair. With TLS, the levels of DNA Pol II, IV, …
Biomarker Metabolite Discovery For Pancreatic Cancer Using Machine Learning, Immanuelle Kezia, Linda Erlina, Aryo Tedjo, Fadilah Fadilah
Biomarker Metabolite Discovery For Pancreatic Cancer Using Machine Learning, Immanuelle Kezia, Linda Erlina, Aryo Tedjo, Fadilah Fadilah
Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers in the world. This cancer is caused by multiple factors and mostly detected at late stadium. Biomarker is a marker that can identify some diseases very specific. For pancreatic cancer, biomarker has been recognized using blood sample known as liquid biopsy, breath, pancreatic secret, and tumor marker CA19-9. Those biomarkers are invasive, so we want to identify the disease using a very convenient method. Metabolite is product from cell metabolism. Metabolites can become a biomarker especially from difficult diseases. In this paper, we want to find biomarker from metabolite using machine learning …
Resveratrol, Gentisic Acid, And Flaxseed Oil: Antioxidative Agents Against Hela Cell Proliferation, Carson Krefft, Drake Teal, Raida Sugule, Suhaylah Marty
Resveratrol, Gentisic Acid, And Flaxseed Oil: Antioxidative Agents Against Hela Cell Proliferation, Carson Krefft, Drake Teal, Raida Sugule, Suhaylah Marty
Research and Scholarship Symposium Posters
This study examines how three dietary supplements—resveratrol, gentisic acid, and flaxseed oil—affect the growth of HeLa cells. Resveratrol was predicted to have a more significant inhibitory effect on HeLa cell proliferation than the other test substances. HeLa cells were expanded in T-25 flasks and treated in triplicate within 96 well plates with various supplement variables. The findings demonstrated that resveratrol promoted cell proliferation while gentisic acid and flaxseed oil treatment significantly reduced the viability of HeLa cells. The findings suggest that, in contrast to the hypothesis, resveratrol may not have much of an impact on reducing HeLa cell proliferation. HeLa …
Identification Of Novel Biosynthetic Gene Clusters Encoding For Polyketide/Nrps-Producing Chemotherapeutic Compounds From Marine-Derived Streptomyces Hygroscopicus From A Marine Sanctuary, Hannah Ruth Flaherty
Identification Of Novel Biosynthetic Gene Clusters Encoding For Polyketide/Nrps-Producing Chemotherapeutic Compounds From Marine-Derived Streptomyces Hygroscopicus From A Marine Sanctuary, Hannah Ruth Flaherty
Honors Theses and Capstones
Nearly one out of six deaths in 2020, around ten million people, were caused by cancer, making it a leading cause of death worldwide (WHO, 2022). This major public health issue, in addition to the rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, provides a high demand for the discovery of new pharmaceutical drugs to be used clinically to treat these conditions. The Streptomyces genus accounts to produce 39% of all microbial metabolites currently approved for human health, indicating its potential as an important species to study for antimicrobial and anticancer agents. The long linear genome of Streptomyces contains specialized sequences known as …
Protacs – A Novel And Rapidly Developing Field Of Targeted Protein Degradation, Hannah R. Gatley
Protacs – A Novel And Rapidly Developing Field Of Targeted Protein Degradation, Hannah R. Gatley
Theses and Dissertations
There is a continued need for new technology and strategies for tackling cancer and other diseases, and within the current century a novel therapeutic strategy has emerged in the realm of targeted protein degradation called Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs). This technology specifically targets and degrades disease-causing proteins via the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and has seen an explosion of research and intrigue in both academia and industry over the past two decades. The diversity of PROTAC classes based on the E3 ligase recruiting ligand and the target protein allows for a universal molecular structure that can be customized for a specific target and …
Visualization And Characterization Of The Immunological Synapse Between Chlorotoxin Chimeric Antigen (Cltx-Car) Redirected T Cells And Targeted Glioblastoma Tumors, Arianna Livi
CMC Senior Theses
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T (CAR-T) cells have demonstrated anti-tumor activity against aggressive and invasive cancers such as glioblastoma (GBM); however, clinical response rates remain low in clinical trial studies. Tumor heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment conditions pose significant challenges for treatment of GBM, thus continuous optimization of CAR-T cell therapies and identification of novel, widely expressed, and highly specific GBM antigens are vital to better patient outcomes. A newly developed CAR-T cell construct incorporating chlorotoxin (CLTX) as the targeting domain exhibited broad GBM-targeting capabilities and elicited potent cytotoxic effects during preclinical studies and is currently being tested in a phase I …
The Role Of Reactive Oxygen Species In The Accumulation Of Driver Mutations In B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Mia P. Sams
The Role Of Reactive Oxygen Species In The Accumulation Of Driver Mutations In B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Mia P. Sams
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most prevalent type of cancer in young children and is associated with recurrent mutations and high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine was tested for its ability to prolong lifespan of a mouse model of B-ALL and reduce frequency of mutations. Mice treated with 1g/L of N-acetylcysteine in drinking water were found to have delayed onset of B-ALL at 11 weeks of age and changes in gene expression relating to B cell development, calcium-apoptosis signaling, and pathways in cancer, although no differences in lifespan were observed. Tumours from treated …
The Risk And Prognosis Of Covid-19 Infection In Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Ghada M. Elgohary, Shahrukh Hashmi, Jan Styczynski, Mohamed A. Kharfan-Dabaja, Rehab M. Alblooshi, Rafael De La Camara, Sherif Mohmed, Alfadel Alshaibani, Simone Cesaro, Nashwa Abd El-Aziz, Reem Almaghrabi, Usama Gergis, Navneet S. Majhail, Roy F. Chemaly, Mahmoud Aljurf, Riad El Fakih
The Risk And Prognosis Of Covid-19 Infection In Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Ghada M. Elgohary, Shahrukh Hashmi, Jan Styczynski, Mohamed A. Kharfan-Dabaja, Rehab M. Alblooshi, Rafael De La Camara, Sherif Mohmed, Alfadel Alshaibani, Simone Cesaro, Nashwa Abd El-Aziz, Reem Almaghrabi, Usama Gergis, Navneet S. Majhail, Roy F. Chemaly, Mahmoud Aljurf, Riad El Fakih
Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy
Numerous studies have been published regarding outcomes of cancer patients infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus causing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. However, most of these are single-center studies with a limited number of patients. To better assess the outcomes of this new infection in this subgroup of susceptible patients, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 infection on cancer patients. We performed a literature search using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for studies that reported the risk of infection and complications of COVID-19 in cancer patients …
The Effects Of Paclitaxel On Cellular Migration And The Cytoskeleton, Ashley Salguero-Gonzalez
The Effects Of Paclitaxel On Cellular Migration And The Cytoskeleton, Ashley Salguero-Gonzalez
Thinking Matters Symposium
In a clinical setting, some patients are exposed to an anti-cancer chemotherapy agent, paclitaxel. Cancerous cells undergo rapid, continuous cell division without control. Chemotherapy treatments try to slow and stop the uncontrollable cell division cycles and eliminate cancerous cells in the process. Paclitaxel serves as a treatment for some types of cancers, including lung, melanoma, bladder, and esophageal. Because it targets the cytoskeleton, paclitaxel can also influence cell migration. This project utilizes a cellular migration assay and an immunohistochemistry assay to analyze the effects of paclitaxel on the movement of cells and on the cytoskeleton of neuroglia rat cells with …
Developing Novel Water-Soluble Porphyrins For Potential Use As Photosensitizers In Photodynamic Therapy, Kayla R. Whittington
Developing Novel Water-Soluble Porphyrins For Potential Use As Photosensitizers In Photodynamic Therapy, Kayla R. Whittington
Honors Theses
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality for various illnesses, including some types of cancer. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. The prevalence of lung cancer in certain gender, racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups add to existing health disparities in the United States. For this reason, it is necessary to address the social determinants underlying lung cancer disparities, as well as improve treatment options. These treatment options should be cost effective, convenient, and increase survival rates. This research focused on synthesizing novel water-soluble porphyrin compounds for use as photosensitive agents in PDT for …
Targeted Osmotic Lysis: A Novel Approach To Targeted Cancer Therapies, Harry J. Gould, Dennis Paul
Targeted Osmotic Lysis: A Novel Approach To Targeted Cancer Therapies, Harry J. Gould, Dennis Paul
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
The conventional treatment of cancer has been based on the delivery of non-selective toxins and/or ionizing energy that affect both the cancer and normal tissues in the hope of destroying the offending disease before killing the patient. Unfortunately, resistance often develops to these treatments and patients experience severe, dose-limiting adverse effects that reduce treatment efficacy and compromise quality of life. Recent advances in our knowledge of the biology of tumor cells and their microenvironment, the recognition of surface proteins that are unique to specific cancers and essential to cell growth and survival and signaling pathways associate with invasion and metastasis …
A Machine Learning Framework For Identifying Molecular Biomarkers From Transcriptomic Cancer Data, Md Abdullah Al Mamun
A Machine Learning Framework For Identifying Molecular Biomarkers From Transcriptomic Cancer Data, Md Abdullah Al Mamun
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cancer is a complex molecular process due to abnormal changes in the genome, such as mutation and copy number variation, and epigenetic aberrations such as dysregulations of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). These abnormal changes are reflected in transcriptome by turning oncogenes on and tumor suppressor genes off, which are considered cancer biomarkers.
However, transcriptomic data is high dimensional, and finding the best subset of genes (features) related to causing cancer is computationally challenging and expensive. Thus, developing a feature selection framework to discover molecular biomarkers for cancer is critical.
Traditional approaches for biomarker discovery calculate the fold change for each …
Ultrasound 96 Probe Device Protocol For Cancer Cell Treatment, Aisling Field, Brijesh K. Tiwari, James F. Curtin, Julie R M Mondala, Janith Wanigasekara
Ultrasound 96 Probe Device Protocol For Cancer Cell Treatment, Aisling Field, Brijesh K. Tiwari, James F. Curtin, Julie R M Mondala, Janith Wanigasekara
Articles
Ultrasound is a sound wave with frequencies ranging between 20 kHz and 20 MHz. Ultrasound is able to temporarily and repeatedly open the BBB safely and enhance chemotherapeutic delivery without adverse effects. This novel technique in drug delivery benefits from the powerful ability of ultrasound to produce cavitation activity. Cavitation is the generation and activity of gas-filled bubbles in a medium exposed to ultrasound. As the pressure wave passes through the media, gas bubbles expand at low pressure and contract at high pressure. This leads to oscillation which produces a circulating fluid flow known as microstreaming around the bubble with …
Plasmonic-Based Biosensor For The Early Diagnosis Of Prostate Cancer, Thakshila Liyanage, Bayan Alharbi, Linh Quan, Aurora Esquela-Kerscher, Gymama Slaughter
Plasmonic-Based Biosensor For The Early Diagnosis Of Prostate Cancer, Thakshila Liyanage, Bayan Alharbi, Linh Quan, Aurora Esquela-Kerscher, Gymama Slaughter
Bioelectrics Publications
A tapered optical fiber (TOF) plasmonic biosensor was fabricated and used for the sensitive detection of a panel of microRNAs (miRNAs) in human serum obtained from noncancer and prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNAs let7a, let-7c, miR-200b, miR-141, and miR-21 were tested as predictive cancer biomarkers since multianalyte detection minimizes false-positive and false-negative rates and establishes a strong foundation for early PCa diagnosis. The biosensing platform integrates metallic gold triangular nanoprisms (AuTNPs) laminated on the TOF to excite surface plasmon waves in the supporting metallic layer and enhance the evanescent mode of the fiber surface. …
Intracellular Trafficking And Distribution Of Cd And Inp Quantum Dots In Hela And Ml-1 Thyroid Cancer Cells, Min Zhang
MSU Graduate Theses
The study of the interaction of engineered nanoparticles, including quantum dots (QDs), with cellular constituents and the kinetics of their localization and transport, has provided new insights into their biological consequences in cancers and for the development of effective cancer therapies. The present study aims to elucidate the toxicity and intracellular transport kinetics of CdSe/ZnS and InP/ZnS QDs in late-stage ML-1 thyroid cancer using well-tested HeLa cells as a control. The XTT viability assay showed that ML-1 cells, and non-cancerous mouse fibroblast cells, exhibit no viability defect in response to these QDs, whereas HeLa cell viability decreases. These results suggest …
Clinical Diagnosis Support With Convolutional Neural Network By Transfer Learning, Spencer Fogleman, Jeremy Otsap, Sangrae Cho
Clinical Diagnosis Support With Convolutional Neural Network By Transfer Learning, Spencer Fogleman, Jeremy Otsap, Sangrae Cho
SMU Data Science Review
Breast cancer is prevalent among women in the United States. Breast cancer screening is standard but requires a radiologist to review screening images to make a diagnosis. Diagnosis through the traditional screening method of mammography currently has an accuracy of about 78% for women of all ages and demographics. A more recent and precise technique called Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) has shown to be more promising but is less well studied. A machine learning model trained on DBT images has the potential to increase the success of identifying breast cancer and reduce the time it takes to diagnose a patient, …
Differentiating The Mechanistic Role And Chemotherapeutic Potential Of Src And Podoplanin In Oncogenic Transformation, Edward P. Retzbach
Differentiating The Mechanistic Role And Chemotherapeutic Potential Of Src And Podoplanin In Oncogenic Transformation, Edward P. Retzbach
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Theses and Dissertations
There were an estimated 20 million new cancer cases worldwide in 2020, resulting in nearly 1000 deaths per hour [1]. Oral cancer exemplifies the difficulties of treating cancer patients. The first line for oral cancer treatment is surgery and radiation that can lead to patient disfigurement and decreased quality of life in cancer survivors [2-4]. Though there have been many developments in chemotherapy in the last 30 years, the 50% mortality rate associated with oral cancer has not changed [4, 5]. Longitudinal studies that track survival rates in oral cancer patients demonstrate a 3-fold reduction in patient deaths when patients …
Design And Application Of Hybrid Cyclic-Linear Peptide-Doxorubicin Conjugates As A Strategy To Overcome Doxorubicin Resistance And Toxicity, Saghar Mozaffari, David Salehi, Parvin Mahdipoor, Richard Beuttler, Rakesh Tiwari, Hamidreza Montazeri Aliabadi, Keykavous Parang
Design And Application Of Hybrid Cyclic-Linear Peptide-Doxorubicin Conjugates As A Strategy To Overcome Doxorubicin Resistance And Toxicity, Saghar Mozaffari, David Salehi, Parvin Mahdipoor, Richard Beuttler, Rakesh Tiwari, Hamidreza Montazeri Aliabadi, Keykavous Parang
Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research
Doxorubicin (Dox) is used for breast cancer, leukemia, and lymphoma treatment as an effective chemotherapeutic agent. However, Dox use is restricted due to inherent and acquired resistance and an 8-fold increase in the risk of potentially fatal cardiotoxicity. Hybrid cyclic-linear peptide [R5K]W7A and linear peptide R5KW7A were conjugated with Dox through a glutarate linker to afford [R5K]W7A-Dox and R5KW7A-Dox conjugates to generate Dox derivatives. Alternatively, [R5K]W7C was conjugated with Dox via a disulfide linker to generate [R5K]W7C–S–S-Dox conjugate, where S–S is a disulfide bond. Comparative antiproliferative assays between conjugates [R5K]W7A-Dox, [R5K]W7C–S–S-Dox, linear R5KW7A-Dox, the corresponding physical mixtures of the peptides, …
Uncovering A Myc-Driven Tumor-Suppressive Program In Proliferating Lymphocytes, Elena Tonc
Uncovering A Myc-Driven Tumor-Suppressive Program In Proliferating Lymphocytes, Elena Tonc
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Rapid cell proliferation is a hallmark feature of adaptive immune cells lymphocytes. It is essential for the establishment of diverse antigen receptor repertoires and amplification of antigen-specific immune responses. While such proliferation is beneficial for host protection from infections and cancers, it inevitably elevates the risk of oncogenic transformation. In developing and germinal center B lymphocytes, the risk is further increased by endogenous, genomic insults due to antigen receptor rearrangements and somatic mutations, with which expression of the proto-oncogene c-MYC is closely associated. Nonetheless, frequencies of cancers originated from B lymphocytes are relatively low, suggesting that they are protected from …
Understanding The Pathogenesis Of Renal Medullary Carcinoma, Melinda Soeung
Understanding The Pathogenesis Of Renal Medullary Carcinoma, Melinda Soeung
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Renal medullary carcinoma (RMC) is a lethal cancer that predominantly affects young individuals with sickle cell trait (SCT). It is not currently understood why RMC only affects certain individuals with SCT. We found that patients with RMC more frequently participated in high-intensity exercise than matched controls. Using mouse models of SCT, we demonstrated the significant increase of renal hypoxia in the right kidney following high- but not moderate-intensity exercise. We also demonstrated in cell culture studies that SMARCB1 is ubiquitinated for proteasome-mediated degradation in hypoxia, and the re-expression of SMARCB1 leads to compromised proliferation in renal cells specifically in the …
Targeting Plasma Membrane Phosphatidylserine Content To Inhibit Oncogenic Kras Function, Walaa E. Kattan
Targeting Plasma Membrane Phosphatidylserine Content To Inhibit Oncogenic Kras Function, Walaa E. Kattan
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
The small GTPase KRAS, which is frequently mutated in human cancers, must be localized to the plasma membrane (PM) for biological activity. We recently showed that the KRAS C-terminal membrane anchor exhibits exquisite lipid-binding specificity for select species of phosphatidylserine (PtdSer). We therefore investigated whether reducing PM PtdSer content is sufficient to abrogate KRAS oncogenesis. Oxysterol-related binding proteins ORP5 and ORP8 exchange PtdSer synthesized in the ER for phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) synthesized in the PM. We show that depletion of ORP5 or ORP8 reduced PM PtdSer levels, resulting in extensive mislocalization of KRAS from the PM. Concordantly, ORP5 or ORP8 depletion …
Human Oncoprotein 5mp Suppresses General And Repeat-Associated Non-Aug Translation Via Eif3 By A Common Mechanism, Chingakham Ranjit Singh, M. Rebecca Glineburg, Chelsea Moore, Naoki Tani, Rahul Jaiswal, Ye Zou, Eric Aube, Sarah Gillaspie, Mackenzie Thornton, Ariana Cecil, Madelyn Hilgers, Azuma Takasu, Izumi Asano, Masayo Asano, Carlos R. Escalante, Akira Nakamura, Peter K. Todd, Katsura Asano
Human Oncoprotein 5mp Suppresses General And Repeat-Associated Non-Aug Translation Via Eif3 By A Common Mechanism, Chingakham Ranjit Singh, M. Rebecca Glineburg, Chelsea Moore, Naoki Tani, Rahul Jaiswal, Ye Zou, Eric Aube, Sarah Gillaspie, Mackenzie Thornton, Ariana Cecil, Madelyn Hilgers, Azuma Takasu, Izumi Asano, Masayo Asano, Carlos R. Escalante, Akira Nakamura, Peter K. Todd, Katsura Asano
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
eIF5-mimic protein (5MP) is a translational regulatory protein that binds the small ribosomal subunit and modulates its activity. 5MP is proposed to reprogram non-AUG translation rates for oncogenes in cancer, but its role in controlling non-AUG initiated synthesis of deleterious repeat-peptide products, such as FMRpolyG observed in fragile-X-associated tremor ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), is unknown. Here, we show that 5MP can suppress both general and repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) translation by a common mechanism in a manner dependent on its interaction with eIF3. Essentially, 5MP displaces eIF5 through the eIF3c subunit within the preinitiation complex (PIC), thereby increasing the accuracy of initiation. …
A Time-Course Characterization Of Muscle Function And Mitochondrial Markers During Colorectal Cancer-Induced Cachexia In Tumor-Bearing Male Mice, Ana Cabrera Ayuso
A Time-Course Characterization Of Muscle Function And Mitochondrial Markers During Colorectal Cancer-Induced Cachexia In Tumor-Bearing Male Mice, Ana Cabrera Ayuso
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Cachexia is a multisystemic and multifactorial syndrome prevalent in cancer patients. It is clinically defined by involuntary loss of >5% weight in a six-month window, despite nutritional interventions. A negative energy balance characterizes cancer cachexia (CC), it is associated with weakness and fatigue in skeletal muscle. Impaired muscle function is associated with lower quality of life in cancer patients. Defects in mitochondrial function are strongly associated with muscle wasting. This study explored muscular contractile function and mitochondrial quality control (MQC) markers in soleus, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles of C26-induced male tumor-bearing mice during a 25-day time course. It …
Honokoil Treatment On Glioblastoma Cells, Julianne Weaver
Honokoil Treatment On Glioblastoma Cells, Julianne Weaver
Honors Theses
Glioblastoma is a malignant brain tumor without effective treatment options available because of its resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. This specific type of cancer is difficult to treat because the cancer stem cells that are not actively growing. These cells are dormant, which means they will not react to treatment because they are not dividing, and it is these cells that result in the high prevalence of relapse. Honokiol is a Chinese magnolia species that is known for its anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and proapoptotic effects which make it an optimal candidate for glioma cell treatment. Honokiol was used in this experiment …