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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Roles Of Oxidative Stress And Dna Methylation In Cigarette Smoking-Induced Accelerated Acute Myeloid Leukemia Progression, Mary Figueroa
Roles Of Oxidative Stress And Dna Methylation In Cigarette Smoking-Induced Accelerated Acute Myeloid Leukemia Progression, Mary Figueroa
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a commonly diagnosed cancer in smokers. When current or former smokers have AML, they have worse survival compared to never smoking patients. This has been observed clinically for decades, but then it is unknown how smoking leads to worsened AML survival. Smoking causes oxidative stress and altered DNA methylation that persists for decades in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, but these changes from smoking have not been evaluated in the context of AML. We hypothesize that smoking-induced molecular changes, including altered DNA methylation associated with poor AML prognosis, promote AML. We developed a novel model to …
The Role Of The Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 2 In Pancreatic Cancer: Mechanisms Of Tumor Immunosuppression And Intestinal Radioprotection, Carolina Garcia Garcia
The Role Of The Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 2 In Pancreatic Cancer: Mechanisms Of Tumor Immunosuppression And Intestinal Radioprotection, Carolina Garcia Garcia
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease with dismal prognosis. The only curative option for patients is surgery, but over 80% of patients are not surgical candidates. Unfortunately, PDAC is resistant to the three remaining options. PDAC is characterized by a profoundly hypoxic and immunosuppressive stroma, which contributes to its therapeutic recalcitrance. Alpha-smooth muscle actin+ (αSMA+) cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant stromal component, as well as mediators of stromal deposition. The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF1 and HIF2) coordinate responses to hypoxia, yet, despite their known association to poor patient outcomes, their functions within the PDAC tumor microenvironment (TME) …
Novel Regulators Of Cellular Secretion Alter The Tumor Microenvironment To Drive Metastasis, Rakhee Bajaj
Novel Regulators Of Cellular Secretion Alter The Tumor Microenvironment To Drive Metastasis, Rakhee Bajaj
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Lung cancer is a highly aggressive disease responsible for ~25% of all cancer-related deaths, due in part to its proclivity to metastasize. Treating metastasis holds potential for improving patient survival but requires a deeper investigation into the underlying mechanisms. Some of these processes that can regulate metastasis are: (1) Oncogenic targets of epithelial micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetically de-repressed upon loss of the miRNAs during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and in cancer. EMT confers plasticity and fitness to cancer cells promoting their survival through the metastatic cascade. This cascade and EMT are initiated by loss of the miRNA200 family (miR-200) and the …
Integration Of Biomedical Imaging And Translational Approaches For Management Of Head And Neck Cancer, Abdallah Mohamed, Abdallah Mohamed
Integration Of Biomedical Imaging And Translational Approaches For Management Of Head And Neck Cancer, Abdallah Mohamed, Abdallah Mohamed
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
The aim of the clinical component of this work was to determine whether the currently available clinical imaging tools can be integrated with radiotherapy (RT) platforms for monitoring and adaptation of radiation dose, prediction of tumor response and disease outcomes, and characterization of patterns of failure and normal tissue toxicity in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients with potentially curable tumors. In Aim 1, we showed that the currently available clinical imaging modalities can be successfully used to adapt RT dose based-on dynamic tumor response, predict oncologic disease outcomes, characterize RT-induced toxicity, and identify the patterns of disease failure. We …
Modulation Of Kras Structure And Dynamics By Kras Ubiquitination And Membrane Depolarization, Vinay Nair
Modulation Of Kras Structure And Dynamics By Kras Ubiquitination And Membrane Depolarization, Vinay Nair
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
KRAS, a 21 kDa small GTPase protein, functions as a molecular switch playing a key role in regulating cell proliferation. Dysregulation of KRAS signaling by oncogenic mutations leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation, a hallmark of cancer cells. Attempts to therapeutically target oncogenic KRAS have led to limited success resulting in a need to identify new mechanisms to targeting KRAS. The interaction of KRAS with its regulators, effectors, and the membrane present one such avenue. In this study, we investigated how post-translational covalent and environmental modifications could modulate these interactions of KRAS. Using computational molecular dynamics simulations, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy …