Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Differential Migration Of Cd4+ And Cd8+ T Cells During An Immune Response, Jacob Parrott

Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACT

DIFFERENTIAL MIGRATION OF CD4+ AND CD8+ T CELLS DURING AN IMMUNE RESPONSE

by

Jacob Parrott

The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2018

Under the Supervision of Professor Douglas Steeber

Lymphocyte migration is critical for recognizing pathogenic challenges in a timely manner and generating effective, rapid immune responses. Lymphocyte numbers in secondary lymphoid tissues such as lymph nodes are rapidly and dramatically increased during an immune response. Lymphocytes use specific adhesion molecules and intracellular signaling cascades to migrate and enter secondary lymphoid tissues under resting conditions. It is not clear if the same migration and/or entry pathways are utilized when secondary lymphoid …

The Effects Of Antibodies In Disease Progression Of Mog-Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, Melissa Marie Riter

Theses and Dissertations

Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an auto-inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), affecting over 400,000 people in the US. MS is primarily studied in the animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). MS is a T cell mediated disease but there is mounting evidence for a role for B cells in MS. Previous studies have established that rMOG Induction depends on the presence of B cells, while induction using the MOG peptide covering amino acids 35-55 does not require B cells to cause disease. When plasma from the rMOG and MOG35-55 immunized WT mice was analyzed by ELISA there …

Life After Adhesion: L-Selectin Throughout The T Cell Lifespan, Abner Garcia Fernandez

Theses and Dissertations

Lymphocytes require antigenic encounter to activate and proliferate, eventually clearing the source of antigenic challenge. The peripheral lymph nodes (PLN) are the primary sites of antigenic encounter and thus the ability of lymphocytes to migrate to this tissue is a requirement for mounting effective immune responses. The process of lymphocyte migration to the PLN is known as the "adhesion cascade". Specifically, lymphocytes are captured from the blood through the adhesion molecule, L-selectin, followed by CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7)-mediated integrin activation, which ultimately results in cell transmigration into the PLN. Because the PLN is the site where antigenic encounter is …

Adhesion Molecule Regulation Of Regulatory T Cell Migration, Jessica Jean Loppnow

Theses and Dissertations

Regulatory T (Treg) cells mediate tumor immune evasion by suppressing anti-tumor effector T cell responses in peripheral lymphoid tissues and within the tumor. While elevated Treg cell numbers have been shown to correlate with increased tumor growth, mechanisms that regulate their distribution within secondary lymphoid tissue and tumor tissue are not well understood. L-selectin, an adhesion molecule constitutively expressed on all classes of leukocytes, functions early in the adhesion cascade and regulates the migration of lymphocytes to lymph nodes through high endothelial venules. In addition, L-selectin can mediate migration of lymphocytes to sites of inflammation by binding to ligands present …

Identification Of Immunomodulatory Cells Induced By 670 Nm Light Therapy In An Animal Model Of Multiple Sclerosis, Erin Christine Koester

Theses and Dissertations

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune, demyelinating disease characterized by neurodegeneration and inflammation of the central nervous system. It affects approximately 250,000 people in the United States alone, with women being affected two times more than men. Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the primary animal model of MS, sharing clinical signs and histopathology with MS. The current paradigm supports MS/EAE induction by myelin reactive CD4+ T cells that cross the blood brain barrier to induce an inflammatory response that leads to the destruction of the myelin sheath and eventual loss of axons. Recent data suggest that axonal loss and disease progression …