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- Publication
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- Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers (3)
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- Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection (2)
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Articles 1 - 24 of 24
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Anatomy And Three-Dimensional Reconstructions Of The Brain Of A Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops Truncatus) From Magnetic Resonance Images, Lori Marino, Keith D. Sudheimer, Timothy L. Murphy, Kristina K. Davis, D. Ann Pabst, William A. Mclellan, James K. Rilling, John I. Johnson
Anatomy And Three-Dimensional Reconstructions Of The Brain Of A Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops Truncatus) From Magnetic Resonance Images, Lori Marino, Keith D. Sudheimer, Timothy L. Murphy, Kristina K. Davis, D. Ann Pabst, William A. Mclellan, James K. Rilling, John I. Johnson
Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection
Cetacean (dolphin, whale, and porpoise) brains are among the least studied mammalian brains because of the formidability of collecting and histologically preparing such relatively rare and large specimens. Magnetic resonance imaging offers a means of observing the internal structure of the brain when traditional histological procedures are not practical. Furthermore, internal structures can be analyzed in their precise anatomic positions, which is difficult to accomplish after the spatial distortions often accompanying histological processing. In this study, images of the brain of an adult bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus, were scanned in the coronal plane at 148 antero-posterior levels. From these scans …
When Hope Unblooms: Chance And Moral Luck In The Fiction Of Thomas Hardy, Jil Larson
When Hope Unblooms: Chance And Moral Luck In The Fiction Of Thomas Hardy, Jil Larson
Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers
Paper presented at the Center for the Study of Ethics in Society at Western Michigan University, September 20, 2001.
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Fall-Winter 2001
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Fall-Winter 2001
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter
No abstract provided.
It Does Matter What You Believe: A Critique Of Moral Relativism, Lisa Simpson
It Does Matter What You Believe: A Critique Of Moral Relativism, Lisa Simpson
CedarEthics Online
No abstract provided.
A Christian Perspective On Stem Cell Research, Katherine Steingass
A Christian Perspective On Stem Cell Research, Katherine Steingass
CedarEthics Online
No abstract provided.
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Summer 2001
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Summer 2001
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Embryonic Stem Cell Research As An Ethical Issue: On The Emptiness Of Symbolic Value, Kevin Quinn
Embryonic Stem Cell Research As An Ethical Issue: On The Emptiness Of Symbolic Value, Kevin Quinn
Faculty Publications
The ability to generate a wide variety of stem cell lines (in relatively renewable tissue cultures) opens up a whole new world of breathtaking possibilities for science and medicine. The possibilities include: "in vitro studies of normal embryo-genesis, human gene discovery, and drug and teratogen testing and as a renewable source of cells for tissue transplantation, cell replacement, and gene therapies." But it also opens up a world of complications.
Human EG and ES cells must be recovered from aborted fetuses or live embryos. Because primordial gonadal tissue is removed from fetuses after their death, the derivation of EO cells …
Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Three-Dimensional Reconstructions Of The Brain Of A Fetal Common Dolphin, Delphinus Delphis, Lori Marino, Timothy L. Murphy, Lyad Gozal, John I. Johnson
Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Three-Dimensional Reconstructions Of The Brain Of A Fetal Common Dolphin, Delphinus Delphis, Lori Marino, Timothy L. Murphy, Lyad Gozal, John I. Johnson
Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection
To demonstrate the kinds of data that can be obtained non-destructively and non-invasively from preserved museum specimens using modern imaging technology the head region of a whole body fetal specimen of the common dolphin, Delphinus delphis, aged 8–9 months post-conception, was scanned using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Series of scans were obtained in coronal, sagittal and horizontal planes. A digital three-dimensional reconstruction of the whole brain was prepared from the coronal series of scans. Sectional areas and three-dimensional volumes were obtained of the cerebral hemispheres and of the brainstemplus-cerebellum. Neuroanatomical features identified in the scans include the major sulci of …
Consent To The Use Of Stored Dna For Genetics Research: A Survey Of Attitudes In The Jewish Population, Marc D. Schwartz, Karen H. Rothenberg, Linda Joseph, Judith Benkendorf, Caryn Lerman
Consent To The Use Of Stored Dna For Genetics Research: A Survey Of Attitudes In The Jewish Population, Marc D. Schwartz, Karen H. Rothenberg, Linda Joseph, Judith Benkendorf, Caryn Lerman
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Spring 2001
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Spring 2001
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter
No abstract provided.
The Ethics Of Making The Body Beautiful: Lessons From Cosmetic Surgery For A Future Of Cosmetic Genetics, Sara Goering
The Ethics Of Making The Body Beautiful: Lessons From Cosmetic Surgery For A Future Of Cosmetic Genetics, Sara Goering
Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers
This piece was originally published in the Philosophy and Public Policy Quarterly, Spring 2001 issue (from the Maryland Institute for Philosophy and Public Policy).
Morality And God, John Hare
Morality And God, John Hare
Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers
Paper presented at the Center for the Study of Ethics in Society at Western Michigan University, January 18,2001 with the title, "Does Morality Need God?"
Ethical Aspects Of Prenatal Genetic Diagnostics, Hille Haker
Ethical Aspects Of Prenatal Genetic Diagnostics, Hille Haker
Theology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Starting with some basic distinctions, i.e. the distinction between an ethics of human self-fulfilment ,of individual and social values and of virtues on one hand, and an ethics of individual rights, of obligation and of social justice on the other, this paper explores the manifold scenario of the problems of prenatal diagnosis with respect to these different aspects of ethical analysis. This is followed by a normative evaluation of the status of the human embryo, and by an elaboration of different adressees of responsibility in the field of biomedicine and, especially, of prenatal genetic diagnosis. The author comes to the …
Dissection: The Scientific Case For Alternatives, Jonathan Balcombe
Dissection: The Scientific Case For Alternatives, Jonathan Balcombe
Experimentation Collection
This article presents the scientific argument that learning methods that replace traditional nonhuman animal-consumptive methods in life science education—so-called alternatives to dissection—are pedagogically sound and probably superior to dissection. This article focuses on the pedagogy, a learning method’s effectiveness for conveying knowledge.
Animal Research: A Review Of Developments, 1950–2000, Andrew N. Rowan, Franklin M. Loew
Animal Research: A Review Of Developments, 1950–2000, Andrew N. Rowan, Franklin M. Loew
State of the Animals 2001
The third phase of the animal research debate started around 1950. After World War II the government became a major sponsor of scientific research, including biomedical research. The budget of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grew dramatically and has continued to grow, with a few minor retrenchment periods, up to the present time (see Figure 1). This growth led to an enormous expansion in publicly funded research. In the private sector, the discovery of penicillin and streptomycin led to a tremendous expansion in pharmaceutical research and in the size of the prescription drug industry. These expansions in government funding …
Morality, Religion, And Public Bioethics: Shifting The Paradigm For The Public Discussion Of Embryo Research And Human Cloning, Brian Stiltner
Morality, Religion, And Public Bioethics: Shifting The Paradigm For The Public Discussion Of Embryo Research And Human Cloning, Brian Stiltner
Philosophy, Theology and Religious Studies Faculty Publications
Public ethics bodies play a major role in the development of public policies that govern scientific research and health care.' Their tasks include weighing the ethical ramifications of forms of research, educating the public about the research and its likely benefits, and recommending directions for institutional practices and legal policies. Much debate about public ethics bodies has concerned the mode and level of their ethical reasoning. Should public ethics bodies develop substantive moral arguments on issues that are subject to widely divergent moral and religious interpretations, such as the status of the human embryo? To develop such arguments would, of …
The First Forty Years Of The Alternatives Approach: Refining, Reducing, And Replacing The Use Of Laboratory Animals, Martin L. Stephens, Alan M. Goldberg, Andrew N. Rowan
The First Forty Years Of The Alternatives Approach: Refining, Reducing, And Replacing The Use Of Laboratory Animals, Martin L. Stephens, Alan M. Goldberg, Andrew N. Rowan
State of the Animals 2001
The concept of the Three Rs— reduction, refinement, and replacement of animal use in biomedical experimentation—stems from a project launched in 1954 by a British organization, the Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW). UFAW commissioned William Russell and Rex Burch to analyze the status of humane experimental techniques involving animals. In 1959 these scientists published a book that set out the principles of the Three Rs, which came to be known as alternative methods. Initially, Russell and Burch’s book was largely ignored, but their ideas were gradually picked up by the animal protection community in the 1960s and early ’70s. …
Symposium Issue: "Who's Afraid Of Commodification?", Dena S. Davis
Symposium Issue: "Who's Afraid Of Commodification?", Dena S. Davis
Law Faculty Articles and Essays
Unfortunately, a great deal of the talk about "commodification" has been clumsy and sloppy. The term has been used as a magic bullet, as if saying "But that's commodification!" is the same as having made an argument. In fact, commodification of human persons, human bodies, human labor, human relationships, is a complex matter.
Hard Cases For Autonomy, Respect, And Professionalism In Medical Genetics, Roger B. Dworkin
Hard Cases For Autonomy, Respect, And Professionalism In Medical Genetics, Roger B. Dworkin
Articles by Maurer Faculty
No abstract provided.
Research On Faith And Health: New Appoaches To Old Questions, Thomas G. Plante, Allen C. Sherman
Research On Faith And Health: New Appoaches To Old Questions, Thomas G. Plante, Allen C. Sherman
Psychology
Does religious faith influence health? Are religious practices associated with altered risks for morbidity or mortality? Do religious or spiritual individuals tend to enjoy better well-being or mental health across the lifespan? Does spiritual or religious involvement change the way individuals adapt to the demands of chronic illness? This volume brings together some of the leading investigators who have explored these intriguing questions. Though research is in its early phases, the chapters that follow review some of what we have learned and begin to trace the outlines of the many mysteries that remain.
The Girl Who Cried Pain: A Bias Against Women In The Treatment Of Pain, Diane E. Hoffmann, Anita J. Tarzian
The Girl Who Cried Pain: A Bias Against Women In The Treatment Of Pain, Diane E. Hoffmann, Anita J. Tarzian
Faculty Scholarship
In general, women report more severe levels of pain, more frequent incidences of pain, and pain of longer duration than men, but are nonetheless treated for pain less aggressively. The authors investigate this paradox from two perspectives: Do men and women in fact experience pain differently - whether biologically, cognitively, and/or emotionally? And regardless of the answer, what accounts for the differences in the pain treatment they receive, and what can we do to correct this situation?
Dealing With Conflicts Of Interest In Biomedical Research: Irb Oversight As The Next Best Solution To The Abolitionist Approach, Jesse Goldner
Dealing With Conflicts Of Interest In Biomedical Research: Irb Oversight As The Next Best Solution To The Abolitionist Approach, Jesse Goldner
All Faculty Scholarship
The author details the conflicts of interest facing individual investigators and research institutions and describes the current mechanisms, primarily focused at the relationship between the investigator and the research institution, to regulate these conflicts. The author finds these mechanisms insufficient and believes that the best approach is not to regulate conflicts, but to abolish them. The author acknowledges, however, that there is a lack of political will in an abolitionist approach. He proposes, therefore, institutional review board oversight at the level of the relationship between researcher and individual subjects as the next best solution.
A Thirty-Year Perspective On Personhood: How Has The Debate Changed?, Dennis M. Sullivan
A Thirty-Year Perspective On Personhood: How Has The Debate Changed?, Dennis M. Sullivan
Science and Mathematics Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Market For Medical Ethics, Maxwell Gregg Bloche
The Market For Medical Ethics, Maxwell Gregg Bloche
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
At the core of Kenneth Arrow’s classic 1963 essay on medical uncertainty is a claim that has failed to carry the day among economists. This claim—that physician adherence to an anti-competitive ethic of fidelity to patients and suppression of pecuniary influences on clinical judgment pushes medical markets toward social optimality—has won Arrow near-iconic status among medical ethicists (and many physicians). Yet conventional wisdom among health economists, including several participants in this symposium, holds that this claim is either naïve or outdated. Health economists admire Arrow’s article for its path-breaking analysis of market failures resulting from information asymmetry, uncertainty, and moral …