Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- Western University (7)
- Chapman University (6)
- University of Mississippi (4)
- East Tennessee State University (3)
- The Texas Medical Center Library (3)
-
- Washington University in St. Louis (3)
- Dominican University of California (2)
- Linfield University (2)
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (2)
- University of Minnesota Law School (2)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (2)
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (2)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (1)
- Claremont Colleges (1)
- Colby College (1)
- Liberty University (1)
- Louisiana State University (1)
- Missouri University of Science and Technology (1)
- Old Dominion University (1)
- Olivet Nazarene University (1)
- Smith College (1)
- Technological University Dublin (1)
- The British University in Egypt (1)
- United Arab Emirates University (1)
- University at Albany, State University of New York (1)
- University of Kentucky (1)
- University of Louisville (1)
- University of Nebraska Medical Center (1)
- University of New Orleans (1)
- University of Richmond (1)
- Keyword
-
- Alzheimer's disease (3)
- Radiation (3)
- Biochemical pathways (2)
- Biochemistry (2)
- Breast cancer (2)
-
- Diabetes (2)
- Drug Design (2)
- Gene signatures (2)
- Glutamine (2)
- Machine learning (2)
- Serotonin (2)
- Systems biology (2)
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (2)
- 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (1)
- 4-Aryl-4H-chromene (1)
- 5-HT3 receptor (1)
- AAR (1)
- AFLD (1)
- AMPK (1)
- APA (1)
- ARL13B (1)
- AT2 (1)
- Acute fatigue (1)
- Alanine (1)
- Allosteric modulator (1)
- Alternative polyadenylation (1)
- Alveolar type II epithelial cells (1)
- Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (1)
- Amyloid (1)
- Amyloid plaques (1)
- Publication
-
- Honors Theses (6)
- Biochemistry Publications (5)
- Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research (5)
- Dissertations & Theses (Open Access) (3)
- Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations (2)
-
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (2)
- Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository (2)
- Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2)
- Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology (2)
- Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Biological Sciences Master's Theses (2)
- Undergraduate Honors Theses (2)
- Articles (1)
- Biochemistry Theses (1)
- CMC Senior Theses (1)
- Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations (1)
- Department of Biochemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research (1)
- Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications (1)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (1)
- Electrical & Systems Engineering Publications and Presentations (1)
- Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (1)
- Honors Thesis (1)
- LSU Doctoral Dissertations (1)
- Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024) (1)
- Life Sciences Faculty Research (1)
- Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects (1)
- Masters Theses (1)
- Medical Student Research Symposium (1)
- Open Access Theses & Dissertations (1)
- Pence-Boyce STEM Student Scholarship (1)
- Pharmacy (1)
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 30 of 63
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Applied Molecular Dynamics: From Targeting Viral Helicases, To Understanding The Interactions Of Cucurbituril Complexes In Ionic Solutions, Bryan Raubenolt
Applied Molecular Dynamics: From Targeting Viral Helicases, To Understanding The Interactions Of Cucurbituril Complexes In Ionic Solutions, Bryan Raubenolt
University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations
Molecular Dynamics simulations are a highly useful tool in helping understand the fundamental interactions present in a variety of chemical systems. The work discussed here illustrates it’s use in determining the conformational dynamics of the Zika and SARS-Cov-2 helicase in a physiological environment, largely in an effort to discover inhibitors capable of rendering the protein inert. Additionally, we show how it can be used to understand paradoxical trends in the anion-induced precipitation of Cucurbituril cavitands.
Viral helicases are motor proteins tasked with unwinding the viral dsRNA, a crucial step in preparing the strand to be translatable by host cells. By …
Mechanisms By Which Mnte-2-Pyp Suppresses Prostate Cancer Cell Growth, Yuxiang Zhu
Mechanisms By Which Mnte-2-Pyp Suppresses Prostate Cancer Cell Growth, Yuxiang Zhu
Theses & Dissertations
Prostate cancer patients are often treated with radiotherapy. MnTE-2-PyP, is a superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimic and a known radioprotector of normal tissues. Our recent work demonstrates that MnTE-2-PyP also inhibits prostate cancer progression with radiotherapy; however, the mechanisms remain unclear. In this thesis, we identified that MnTE-2-PyP-induced intracellular H2O2 levels are critical in inhibiting growth of prostate cancer cells. We found that MnTE-2-PyP induced protein oxidations in PC3 cells and one major group of oxidized protein targets were involved in energy metabolism. The oxidative phosphorylation rates were significantly enhanced in both PC3 and LNCaP cells with MnTE-2-PyP treatment, but mitochondrial …
Pathway‐Extended Gene Expression Signatures Integrate Novel Biomarkers That Improve Predictions Of Patient Responses To Kinase Inhibitors, Ashis Bagchee‐Clark, Eliseos J. Mucaki, Tyson Whitehead, Peter Rogan
Pathway‐Extended Gene Expression Signatures Integrate Novel Biomarkers That Improve Predictions Of Patient Responses To Kinase Inhibitors, Ashis Bagchee‐Clark, Eliseos J. Mucaki, Tyson Whitehead, Peter Rogan
Biochemistry Publications
Cancer chemotherapy responses have been related to multiple pharmacogenetic biomarkers, often for the same drug. This study utilizes machine learning to derive multi‐gene expression signatures that predict individual patient responses to specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including erlotinib, gefitinib, sorafenib, sunitinib, lapatinib and imatinib. Support vector machine (SVM) learning was used to train mathematical models that distinguished sensitivity from resistance to these drugs using a novel systems biology‐based approach. This began with expression of genes previously implicated in specific drug responses, then expanded to evaluate genes whose products were related through biochemical pathways and interactions. Optimal pathway‐extended SVMs predicted responses in …
Finding The Balance The Effects Of Α-Cyclodextrin, 2-Hydroxypropyl-Β-Cyclodextrin, And Cholesterol Bacteroides Vulgatus And Clostridium Bolteae, Bethany Weaver
Pence-Boyce STEM Student Scholarship
Atherosclerosis is a cardiovascular disease that is characterized by the hardening of arteries through the formation of cholesterol plaques. Cyclodextrins could potentially treat atherosclerosis by shrinking plaques. These cyclic oligosaccharides can make complexes with cholesterol but have also shown toxic side effects. This study looked for potential negative effects of cyclodextrins and cholesterol on gut bacteria. It was hypothesized that Bacteroides vulgatus will have decreased growth when grown in broth with cholesterol. In contrast, Clostridium bolteae will have decreased growth when grown in broth with cyclodextrins. Due to the fact that these bacteria are anaerobic, Clostridium bolteae and Bacteroides vulgatus …
Sine Oculis Homeobox Homolog 1 (Six1) Plays A Critical Role In The Progression Of Pulmonary Fibrosis., Cory Wilson
Sine Oculis Homeobox Homolog 1 (Six1) Plays A Critical Role In The Progression Of Pulmonary Fibrosis., Cory Wilson
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common idiopathic interstitial pneumonia with a median survival time of 2-4 years after diagnosis. The alarming mortality rate is due to the lack of effective treatments. IPF is a chronic disease that is characterized by alveolar destruction due to increasing extracellular matrix deposition that leads to poor lung compliance, impaired gas exchange, and ultimately respiratory failure. Repetitive alveolar epithelial injury is a central process to the underlying pathology with injury to the type II alveolar epithelial cells (AT2) specifically being a key player in the pathogenesis of IPF. Recent studies have shown that …
The Role Of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells In Liver Malady Homeostasis, Fatima Cabral
The Role Of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells In Liver Malady Homeostasis, Fatima Cabral
Department of Biochemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Current literature described techniques for the purification of liver cell types through text alone. The techniques described for the isolation of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells as well as hepatocytes described here are modified from a published article in the Journal of Visualized experiments. The video protocol allows for the user to successfully isolate cells as the most difficult parts of the procedure are demonstrated visually. The detection of liver maladies such as the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the stage if this disease and differentiation between non-alcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver disease is demonstrated in the development of a unique panel …
Design Of Hfgf1 Variant(S) With Increased Stability And Enhanced Bioactivity, Shilpi P. Agrawal
Design Of Hfgf1 Variant(S) With Increased Stability And Enhanced Bioactivity, Shilpi P. Agrawal
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are involved in various cellular processes such as cell growth,proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, wound healing and embryonic development. Human acidic fibroblast growth factor (hFGF1) binds non-selectively to all the four FGF-receptors and is therefore considered as a powerful mitogen with broadest specificity. However, pharmacological applications of hFGF1 are restricted due to the low thermal stability of the growth factor. hFGF1 has low thermodynamic stability under physiological temperatures which leads to impairment of cellular signaling process thereby preventing its potential mitogenic properties. hFGF1 has a heparin binding pocket at the C-terminus which comprises of positively charges residues. …
Pathway-Extended Gene Expression Signatures Integrate Novel Biomarkers That Improve Predictions Of Patient Responses To Kinase Inhibitors, Ashis Jem Bagchee-Clark, Eliseos J. Mucaki, Tyson Whitehead, Peter Rogan
Pathway-Extended Gene Expression Signatures Integrate Novel Biomarkers That Improve Predictions Of Patient Responses To Kinase Inhibitors, Ashis Jem Bagchee-Clark, Eliseos J. Mucaki, Tyson Whitehead, Peter Rogan
Biochemistry Publications
No abstract provided.
Deciphering The Ck2-Dependent Phosphoproteome And Its Integration With Regulatory Ptm Networks, Teresa Nunez De Villavicencio Diaz
Deciphering The Ck2-Dependent Phosphoproteome And Its Integration With Regulatory Ptm Networks, Teresa Nunez De Villavicencio Diaz
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Protein functions are regulated by the post-translational addition of covalent modifications on certain amino acids. Depending on their distance within the 3-dimensional structure, addition/removal of individual post translational modifications (PTMs) can be impacted by others. This PTM interplay constitutes an essential regulatory mechanism that interconnects the molecular networks in the cell. Protein CK2, a clinically relevant acidophilic Ser/Thr kinase, may be responsible for 10-20% of the human phosphoproteome. Such estimates agree with the number of known substrates, which continues to expand. Furthermore, the demonstration that CK2 participates in hierarchical phosphorylation and has similar sequence determinants to caspases suggest extensive PTM …
Estimating Partial Body Ionizing Radiation Exposure By Automated Cytogenetic Biodosimetry, Ben Shirley, Peter Rogan
Estimating Partial Body Ionizing Radiation Exposure By Automated Cytogenetic Biodosimetry, Ben Shirley, Peter Rogan
Biochemistry Publications
Purpose: Inhomogeneous exposures to ionizing radiation can be detected and quantified with the dicentric chromosome assay (DCA) of metaphase cells. Complete automation of interpretation of the DCA for whole-body irradiation has significantly improved throughput without compromising accuracy, however, low levels of residual false positive dicentric chromosomes (DCs) have confounded its application for partial-body exposure determination.
Materials and methods: We describe a method of estimating and correcting for false positive DCs in digitally processed images of metaphase cells. Nearly all DCs detected in unirradiated calibration samples are introduced by digital image processing. DC frequencies of irradiated calibration samples and those exposed …
Single‐Molecule 3d Orientation Imaging Reveals Nanoscale Compositional Heterogeneity In Lipid Membranes, Jin Lu, Hesam Mazidi, Tianben Ding, Oumeng Zhang, Matthew D. Lew
Single‐Molecule 3d Orientation Imaging Reveals Nanoscale Compositional Heterogeneity In Lipid Membranes, Jin Lu, Hesam Mazidi, Tianben Ding, Oumeng Zhang, Matthew D. Lew
Electrical & Systems Engineering Publications and Presentations
In soft matter, thermal energy causes molecules to continuously translate and rotate, even in crowded environments, thereby impacting the spatial organization and function of most molecular assemblies, such as lipid membranes. Directly measuring the orientation and spatial organization of large collections (>3000 molecules μm−2) of single molecules with nanoscale resolution remains elusive. In this paper, we utilize SMOLM, single‐molecule orientation localization microscopy, to directly measure the orientation spectra (3D orientation plus “wobble”) of lipophilic probes transiently bound to lipid membranes, revealing that Nile red's (NR) orientation spectra are extremely sensitive to membrane chemical composition. SMOLM images resolve …
Rethinking Fda Regulation Of Complex Products, Philip E. Alford
Rethinking Fda Regulation Of Complex Products, Philip E. Alford
Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology
No abstract provided.
Estimating Partial Body Ionizing Radiation Exposure By Automated Cytogenetic Biodosimetry, Peter Rogan
Estimating Partial Body Ionizing Radiation Exposure By Automated Cytogenetic Biodosimetry, Peter Rogan
Biochemistry Publications
Purpose: Inhomogeneous exposures to ionizing radiation can be detected and quantified with the Dicentric Chromosome Assay (DCA) of metaphase cells. Complete automation of interpretation of the DCA for whole body irradiation has significantly improved throughput without compromising accuracy, however low levels of residual false positive dicentric chromosomes (DCs) have confounded its application for partial body exposure determination.
Materials and Methods: We describe a method of estimating and correcting for false positive DCs in digitally processed images of metaphase cells. Nearly all DCs detected in unirradiated calibration samples are introduced by digital image processing. DC frequencies of irradiated calibration …
Capsaicin Is A Negative Allosteric Modulator Of The 5-Ht3 Receptor, Eslam El Nebrisi, Tatiana Prytkova, Dietrich Ernst Lorke, Luke Howarth, Asma Hassan Alzaabi, Keun-Hang Susan Yang, Frank Christopher Howarth, Murat Oz
Capsaicin Is A Negative Allosteric Modulator Of The 5-Ht3 Receptor, Eslam El Nebrisi, Tatiana Prytkova, Dietrich Ernst Lorke, Luke Howarth, Asma Hassan Alzaabi, Keun-Hang Susan Yang, Frank Christopher Howarth, Murat Oz
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
In this study, effects of capsaicin, an active ingredient of the capsicum plant, were investigated on human 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptors. Capsaicin reversibly inhibited serotonin (5-HT)-induced currents recorded by two-electrode voltage clamp method in Xenopus oocytes. The inhibition was time- and concentration-dependent with an IC50 = 62 μM. The effect of capsaicin was not altered in the presence of capsazepine, and by intracellular BAPTA injections or trans-membrane potential changes. In radio-ligand binding studies, capsaicin did not change the specific binding of the 5-HT3 antagonist [3H]GR65630, indicating that it is a noncompetitive inhibitor of …
Modulation Of Escherichia Coli Translation By The Specific Inactivation Of TrnaGly Under Oxidative Stress, Lorenzo Eugenio Leiva, Andrea Pincheira, Sara Elgamal, Sandra D. Kienast, Verónica Bravo, Johannes Leufken, Daniela Gutiérrez, Sebastian A. Leidel, Michael Ibba, Assaf Katz
Modulation Of Escherichia Coli Translation By The Specific Inactivation Of TrnaGly Under Oxidative Stress, Lorenzo Eugenio Leiva, Andrea Pincheira, Sara Elgamal, Sandra D. Kienast, Verónica Bravo, Johannes Leufken, Daniela Gutiérrez, Sebastian A. Leidel, Michael Ibba, Assaf Katz
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Bacterial oxidative stress responses are generally controlled by transcription factors that modulate the synthesis of RNAs with the aid of some sRNAs that control the stability, and in some cases the translation, of specific mRNAs. Here, we report that oxidative stress additionally leads to inactivation of tRNAGly in Escherichia coli, inducing a series of physiological changes. The observed inactivation of tRNAGly correlated with altered efficiency of translation of Gly codons, suggesting a possible mechanism of translational control of gene expression under oxidative stress. Changes in translation also depended on the availability of glycine, revealing a mechanism whereby bacteria …
A Mechanistic And Genomic Analysis Of Molluscum Contagiosum Virus Immune Evasion, Ian Benjamin Harvey
A Mechanistic And Genomic Analysis Of Molluscum Contagiosum Virus Immune Evasion, Ian Benjamin Harvey
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) is a common human-specific poxvirus with a proclivity for
infecting children and the immune-compromised. A characteristic MCV infection is restricted to
the epidermal layers of the skin and can persist for weeks to years in an otherwise healthy
individual. The high clinical burden of MCV is at odds with our limited knowledge regarding how
it successfully evades the human immune response, which is in part due to the lack of an animal
model or cell line to propagate the virus. Through this dissertation, we have uncovered and
characterized a novel mechanism by which MC80, a protein …
Silencing Innovation: The Patent Eligibility Of Sirna Therapeutics, Alexander M. Walker
Silencing Innovation: The Patent Eligibility Of Sirna Therapeutics, Alexander M. Walker
Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology
No abstract provided.
The Relationship Between Cell-Free Dna And Resistance Training, Henry Lang
The Relationship Between Cell-Free Dna And Resistance Training, Henry Lang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The primary purposes of this dissertation were to explore relationship between cell free DNA (cf-DNA), creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (CRP), vertical jump testing delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in response to a high-volume resistance training protocol, and to assess the sensitivity of cf-DNA to different resistance training volume loads. The secondary purpose was to examine the relationship between cf-DNA and relative strength. Study 1 was an exploratory attempt to discover relationships between cf-DNA, CK, CRP, delayed onset muscle soreness, and performance variables. Seventeen resistance trained males were recruited, 9 were randomly assigned to receive BCAAs while 8 received a …
A Novel Serpinb1 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Associated With Glycemic Control And Β-Cell Function In Egyptian Type 2 Diabetic Patients, Dina H. Kassem, Aya Adel, Ghada H. Sayed, Mohamed M. Kamal
A Novel Serpinb1 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Associated With Glycemic Control And Β-Cell Function In Egyptian Type 2 Diabetic Patients, Dina H. Kassem, Aya Adel, Ghada H. Sayed, Mohamed M. Kamal
Pharmacy
Aims: Serine protease inhibitor B1 (SerpinB1) is a neutrophil elastase inhibitor that has been proved to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and pancreatic β-cell proliferation. In this study, we investigated 2 SERPINB1 SNPs, rs114597282 and rs15286, regarding their association with diabetes risk and various anthropometric and biochemical parameters in Egyptian type 2 diabetic patients.
Materials and Methods: A total of 160 subjects (62 control and 98 type 2 diabetic patients) participated in this study. Various anthropometric and biochemical parameters were assessed. Genotyping assay for the two SNPs was done using TaqMan genotyping assays. The association of rs15286 variants …
Nutrient Sensing Pathways Mediating Igfbp1 Phosphorylation In Fgr, Shapnil Bhuiyan
Nutrient Sensing Pathways Mediating Igfbp1 Phosphorylation In Fgr, Shapnil Bhuiyan
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Impairment of fetal oxygen levels and nutrient delivery contributes to fetal growth restriction (FGR), which affects 20% of pregnancies. Such cellular stress induces hepatic Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 (IGFBP1) phosphorylation, which sequesters Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-I) and markedly reduces fetal growth signaling. IGFBP1 hyperphosphoryaltion in hypoxia is mediated through the mTOR signaling pathway and through the Amino Acid Response (AAR) pathway during amino acid deprivation. Hypoxia stimulates upstream mTORC1 regulators, AMPK and REDD1 which are well-established upstream regulators of one of the two mTOR complexes, mTORC1. The molecular mechanisms by which upstream mTORC1-driven processes regulate IGFBP1 phosphorylation …
Nobiletin Affects Circadian Rhythms And Oncogenic Characteristics In A Cell-Dependent Manner, Sujeewa S. Lellupitiyage Don, Kelly L. Robertson, Hui-Hsien Lin, Caroline Labriola, Mary E. Harrington, Stephanie R. Taylor, Michelle E. Farkas
Nobiletin Affects Circadian Rhythms And Oncogenic Characteristics In A Cell-Dependent Manner, Sujeewa S. Lellupitiyage Don, Kelly L. Robertson, Hui-Hsien Lin, Caroline Labriola, Mary E. Harrington, Stephanie R. Taylor, Michelle E. Farkas
Psychology: Faculty Publications
The natural product nobiletin is a small molecule, widely studied with regard to its therapeutic effects, including in cancer cell lines and tumors. Recently, nobiletin has also been shown to affect circadian rhythms via their enhancement, resulting in protection against metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized that nobiletin’s anti-oncogenic effects, such as prevention of cell migration and formation of anchorage independent colonies, are correspondingly accompanied by modulation of circadian rhythms. Concurrently, we wished to determine whether the circadian and anti-oncogenic effects of nobiletin differed across cancer cell lines. In this study, we assessed nobiletin’s circadian and therapeutic characteristics to ascertain whether these …
Investigation Of The Role Of Heparin-Binding Pocket In Amyloid Fibrils Formation Of Fgf-1, I Gusti Ayu Agung Septiari
Investigation Of The Role Of Heparin-Binding Pocket In Amyloid Fibrils Formation Of Fgf-1, I Gusti Ayu Agung Septiari
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Human acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF/hFGF-1) is one of the promising molecules to be investigated to generate an in-depth understanding of the pathological mechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD) neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of amyloid fibrils. Some in vivo and human brain tissue studies proved the correlation of high-level expression of FGF-1-induced neuroinflammation and the occurrence of AD. The presence of amyloid fibrils as a hallmark of AD can be related to the generic property of the proteins to form amyloid fibrils; High level of FGF-1, in this case, may contribute to the formation of amyloid fibrils. As a …
In Vivo Biosynthesis Of Inorganic Nanomaterials Using Eukaryotes - A Review, Ashiqur Rahman, Julia Lin, Francisco E. Jaramillo, Dennis A. Bazylinski, Clayton Jeffryes, Si Amar Dahoumane
In Vivo Biosynthesis Of Inorganic Nanomaterials Using Eukaryotes - A Review, Ashiqur Rahman, Julia Lin, Francisco E. Jaramillo, Dennis A. Bazylinski, Clayton Jeffryes, Si Amar Dahoumane
Life Sciences Faculty Research
Bionanotechnology, the use of biological resources to produce novel, valuable nanomaterials, has witnessed tremendous developments over the past two decades. This eco-friendly and sustainable approach enables the synthesis of numerous, diverse types of useful nanomaterials for many medical, commercial, and scientific applications. Countless reviews describing the biosynthesis of nanomaterials have been published. However, to the best of our knowledge, no review has been exclusively focused on the in vivo biosynthesis of inorganic nanomaterials. Therefore, the present review is dedicated to filling this gap by describing the many different facets of the in vivo biosynthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) using living eukaryotic …
Translational Regulation Of Environmental Adaptation In Bacteria, Rodney Tollerson Ii, Michael Ibba
Translational Regulation Of Environmental Adaptation In Bacteria, Rodney Tollerson Ii, Michael Ibba
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Bacteria must rapidly respond to both intracellular and environmental changes to survive. One critical mechanism to rapidly detect and adapt to changes in environmental conditions is control of gene expression at the level of protein synthesis. At each of the three major steps of translation—initiation, elongation, and termination—cells use stimuli to tune translation rate and cellular protein concentrations. For example, changes in nutrient concentrations in the cell can lead to translational responses involving mechanisms such as dynamic folding of riboswitches during translation initiation or the synthesis of alarmones, which drastically alter cell physiology. Moreover, the cell can fine-tune the levels …
Modulating Matrix Metalloproteases And Inflammation In Huntington’S Disease, Alejandro Lopez Ramirez
Modulating Matrix Metalloproteases And Inflammation In Huntington’S Disease, Alejandro Lopez Ramirez
Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Biological Sciences Master's Theses
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a rare and incurable autosomal neurodegenerative disease affecting 1-10 in every 100,000 people in the world. There is no cure for HD and treatments available alleviate certain symptoms for short periods of time. Evidence suggests that neuropathology of HD begins with the proteolysis of the mutated Huntingtin (mHTT) protein. A variety of proteases, like the matrix metalloproteases, cleave mHTT creating proteinaceous fragments that are thought to be neurotoxic. As these fragments increase in the brain, the damage to neurons also increases, leading to chronic inflammation due to hyper reactive microglia and astrocytes attempting to minimize and …
Elucidating The Effects Of Glucose Toxicity On Tauopathy And Aging, Lukas Fluitt
Elucidating The Effects Of Glucose Toxicity On Tauopathy And Aging, Lukas Fluitt
Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Biological Sciences Master's Theses
Diabetes patients are at higher risk of contracting an age-related neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the mechanisms which link these diseases are poorly understood. We hypothesize that glucose and elevated levels of the glycolysis by product advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), may be involved. AGEs accumulate with age and are elevated in both diabetic and AD patients. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder for which consumption of sugar-rich diets is a major risk factor and is central to etiology in the vast majority of cases.
We show that transgenic C. elegans expressing wild type (WT) human tau fed a …
The Enzymatic Function Of The Tir Domain: From Axon Degeneration To Innate Immunity, Kow Essuman
The Enzymatic Function Of The Tir Domain: From Axon Degeneration To Innate Immunity, Kow Essuman
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor (TIR) domain is an evolutionarily ancient protein domain conserved from bacteria to eukaryotes, and is an essential signaling component of innate immunity pathways. In animal innate immunity, TIR domains have primarily been described for their scaffolding function in assembling protein complexes in host defense. In plant immunity, TIR domains are key components of the intracellular Nucleotide Binding Leucine rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors that confer resistance to pathogens. These NLR receptors trigger cell death and an immune response upon activation, but their mechanism has remained elusive. In bacteria, TIR domain proteins have been suggested to function as …
The Raphe-Hippocampal Tract And Its Age Differences: Diffusion Tensor Imaging And Probabilistic Tractography Study, Ashley Sekul
The Raphe-Hippocampal Tract And Its Age Differences: Diffusion Tensor Imaging And Probabilistic Tractography Study, Ashley Sekul
Honors Theses
The raphe-hippocampal tract links the raphe nuclei to the hippocampus and is responsible for the production of the neurotransmitter serotonin. The hippocampus is key in regulating emotional and stress responses. This study utilized diffusion tensor imaging which uses Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging to provide scans of the brain for analyzing differences in the raphe-hippocampal tract as one ages. In this specific study, 491 samples were visually analyzed to gather data about the fractional anisotropy of the raphe nuclei in both male and female brains ranging from 6 to 85 years old. Through the ranking of images, some were discarded, and …
Studies Of Salvinorin-Based Antagonists To Elucidate Pertinent Interactions For Kappa Opioid Receptor Antagonism, Madeline Keane
Studies Of Salvinorin-Based Antagonists To Elucidate Pertinent Interactions For Kappa Opioid Receptor Antagonism, Madeline Keane
Honors Theses
Opioid abuse, leading to addiction and related deaths, has created a chronic epidemic in the United States for the past 30 years. This crisis has sprung from reliance on the prescription of opioid analgesics as the primary method for the management of pain in the 1990s. At that time, these drugs, specifically Purdue Pharma’s OxyContin, were marketed as non-addictive. Due to this systemic minimization of the addictive properties of opioid analgesics, as prescription rates increased, opioid-related mortality rates climbed. This epidemic continues to be pervasive, as opioid-related overdose resulted in 47,600 deaths in 2017. In addition to the opioid epidemic, …
Breast Cancer Sub-Clones That Metastasize To Lung And Bone Exhibit Different Metabolic Preferences, Mollie Merrell
Breast Cancer Sub-Clones That Metastasize To Lung And Bone Exhibit Different Metabolic Preferences, Mollie Merrell
Honors Theses
Metastasis is responsible for the majority of cancer related deaths. In breast cancer the lungs and bones are the major sites for metastasis. Previous studies used the metastatic aggressive MDA-MB-231 breast cancer line to isolate sub-clones that preferentially invade the lungs (LM line) or bones (BoM line). While genes associated with the tissue specific metastasis have been identified, it is unknown if metabolic adaptations contribute to the growth of the LM and BoM lines in their respective organs. The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that the LM and BoM lines exhibit differences in glucose and glutamine …