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Calendula Mother Tincture Vs Normal Saline For Ulcer Dressing As An Add-On To Individualized Homoeopathic Intervention In The Management Of Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study, Hima Ponnam, Chetna Lamba, Praveen Oberai, Syed Masood, Suryanarayana Yandamuri, M Rao, Raj Manchanda Dec 2020

Calendula Mother Tincture Vs Normal Saline For Ulcer Dressing As An Add-On To Individualized Homoeopathic Intervention In The Management Of Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study, Hima Ponnam, Chetna Lamba, Praveen Oberai, Syed Masood, Suryanarayana Yandamuri, M Rao, Raj Manchanda

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Despite standard management, healing rate of Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs) remains low, posing risk of lower extremity amputation. Objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate if Calendula Q has added benefit over individualized homoeopathic intervention (IHI). The primary objective was to achieve complete epithelialisation within 20 weeks and secondary objective was to assess the changes in quality of life using DFU Scale-short form (DFU-SF) questionnaire. Materials and Methods: A randomised controlled pilot study with a 20-week intervention was conducted from 2014-2017. 277 cases were screened and 60 cases were enrolled and randomised to Group I: IHI + Calendula Q …


Homoeopathic Therapy In Cervical Spondylosis Pain Management: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial, Jaya Gupta, Ramesh Bawaskar, Prakash Rao, Ashish Shivadikar, Paul Sumithran, Ramendra Pal, Shahid Ali, Hima Bindu, M Arya Dec 2020

Homoeopathic Therapy In Cervical Spondylosis Pain Management: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial, Jaya Gupta, Ramesh Bawaskar, Prakash Rao, Ashish Shivadikar, Paul Sumithran, Ramendra Pal, Shahid Ali, Hima Bindu, M Arya

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Homoeopathic medicines are known to be effective in alleviating pain and other troublesome symptoms of patients suffering from cervical spondylosis. Objective: The primary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of predefined homoeopathic medicines in the pain management of cervical spondylosis using the Cervical Spondylosis Pain Management Scale (CSPMS). Methods: A prospective, double-blind randomised placebo-controlled multicentric clinical trial was conducted from April 2012 to May 2013. Results: Sixty-seven cases were enrolled in the Homoeopathy group and 69 in the placebo group. One hundred and thirty-four cases that completed the follow-ups were analysed. The improvement in pain was 56.18% in the …


Understanding The Role Of Homoeopathic Preparation Of Berberis Vulgaris In Mitigation Of Sodium Oxalate- Induced Hyperoxaluria: An Experimental Approach, Bhavani Tamilarasan, Porkodi Karthikeyan, Pugazhendhi Kannan, Kalaiselvi Periandavan, Raj Manchanda, Anil Khurana, Debadatta Nayak, Shanthi Palainivelu Dec 2020

Understanding The Role Of Homoeopathic Preparation Of Berberis Vulgaris In Mitigation Of Sodium Oxalate- Induced Hyperoxaluria: An Experimental Approach, Bhavani Tamilarasan, Porkodi Karthikeyan, Pugazhendhi Kannan, Kalaiselvi Periandavan, Raj Manchanda, Anil Khurana, Debadatta Nayak, Shanthi Palainivelu

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Hyperoxaluria and calcium oxalate crystal deposition in the kidneys lead to overproduction of reactive oxygen species, resulting in the development of oxidative stress and renal injury. At the cellular levels, mitochondria and NADPH oxidase involved in reactive oxygen species production play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of hyperoxaluria-induced renal injury. Objective: The objective was to investigate the therapeutical effect of homoeopathic drug Berberis vulgaris, a potent antioxidant, upon regulation of NADPH oxidase against acute high-grade sodium oxalate-induced hyperoxaluria in rats. Materials and Methods: Hyperoxaluria was induced in male Wistar rats by administering a single dose of sodium oxalate …


Pharmacognostical Studies Of Smilax Aspera Linn. – A Herbal Drug, Satish Patel, B Biswas, K Rambabu, E Sundaram, Renu Arya Dec 2020

Pharmacognostical Studies Of Smilax Aspera Linn. – A Herbal Drug, Satish Patel, B Biswas, K Rambabu, E Sundaram, Renu Arya

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Smilax aspera L. (sarsaparilla or prickly ivy) is a perennial climber from the family Smilacaceae. Its root and rhizome are used as alterative, demulcent, depurative, diaphoretic, diuretic, stimulant and tonic. Objective: To perform standardization of root and rhizome of S. aspera for authentication and identification of raw drug by pharmacognostical, physiochemical, powder and finish product evaluation. Materials and Methods: Air-dried rhizome and roots were boiled, sectioned and stained for macroscopical and microscopical analysis. For physicochemical studies, rhizome and roots were coarsely powdered and subjected for determination of extractive values, ash values, chemical constituents, weight per millilitre, alcohol content, total …


Homoeopathic Treatment Of Chronic Urticaria – A Case Series, Padmalaya Rath, Parul Parul Dec 2020

Homoeopathic Treatment Of Chronic Urticaria – A Case Series, Padmalaya Rath, Parul Parul

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Introduction: Urticaria is a kind of skin complaint with red, raised and itchy bumps. Urticaria frequently occurs after an infection or as a result of an allergic response to some medication, insect bites or food. Psychological stress, exposure to cold or vibration may also trigger urticaria. Urticaria occurs with a lifetime prevalence of around 20%. In around 30% patients of urticaria, attacks often recur for months or years. Cases summary: This is a case series of five patients suffering from chronic urticaria having erythematous lesions, intense itching, redness and swelling treated at the Dermatology outpatient department of Dr D. P. …


Homoeopathic Treatment Of Viral Warts With Calcarea Phosphorica, Nidhi Mahajan, Ashish Mahajan, Aditi Bhinda, Sapna Salodiya Dec 2020

Homoeopathic Treatment Of Viral Warts With Calcarea Phosphorica, Nidhi Mahajan, Ashish Mahajan, Aditi Bhinda, Sapna Salodiya

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Introduction: Viral warts are the most common cutaneous infection caused by human papillomavirus. Warts can be treated by many available modalities such as cryotherapy, chemical cauterization, curettage, electrodessication and laser removal. However, most of these therapies can cause scarring. They also cause application-site reaction and recurrence. The homoeopathic literature has a plethora of medicines for the treatment of warts. Case Summary: A 4-year-old girl presented with reappearance of multiple warts on the face after a month of laser treatment. This time, the warts were on the right side of the forehead and one on the right cheek and were persisting …


Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Treated With Homoeopathic Medicine Calcarea Carbonica: A Case Report, Swati Pandey, Raj Pandit Dec 2020

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Treated With Homoeopathic Medicine Calcarea Carbonica: A Case Report, Swati Pandey, Raj Pandit

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Introduction: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is a polymicrobial infection of the upper genital tract characterised clinically by triad of symptoms and signs: pelvic pain, cervical motion with adnexal tenderness and fever. Conventional treatment is with broad-spectrum antibiotics. The alternative medicine, especially Homoeopathy, is the second choice of therapy as per the WHO. Case reports of PID in the medical literature are scant. We aim to report a case treated with homoeopathic constitutional medicine in a woman suffering from PID. Case Summary: A 29-year-old female presented with the symptoms of white discharge per vagina, constant dull pain in the lower abdomen, …


Large-Scale Homoeoprophylaxis As An Add-On Measure To Prevent Covid-19 Disease: Cuban Preliminary Experiences, Johann Delgado, Antonio Garcia, Evelyn Pla, Lissette Peña, Diadelis Figueredo, Alberto Rodriguez, Magaly Figueroa, Concepcion Huergo Dec 2020

Large-Scale Homoeoprophylaxis As An Add-On Measure To Prevent Covid-19 Disease: Cuban Preliminary Experiences, Johann Delgado, Antonio Garcia, Evelyn Pla, Lissette Peña, Diadelis Figueredo, Alberto Rodriguez, Magaly Figueroa, Concepcion Huergo

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

No abstract provided.


Lessons Learnt From The Spanish Flu Pandemic, Karanpreet Nahar Dec 2020

Lessons Learnt From The Spanish Flu Pandemic, Karanpreet Nahar

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

No abstract provided.


Research Highlights, Surbhi Jain Dec 2020

Research Highlights, Surbhi Jain

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

No abstract provided.


Are Homoeopathic Drugs Being Used For The Treatment Of Covid-19 Patients, A Kind Of Repurposing?, Anil Khurana Dec 2020

Are Homoeopathic Drugs Being Used For The Treatment Of Covid-19 Patients, A Kind Of Repurposing?, Anil Khurana

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

No abstract provided.


Covid-19: What Lies Ahead For Homoeopathy?, Anil Khurana Sep 2020

Covid-19: What Lies Ahead For Homoeopathy?, Anil Khurana

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

No abstract provided.


Effects Of Pre-Defined Homoeopathic Medicines To Mitigate Adverse Dermatological Effects Of Radiotherapy And Vomiting Of Chemotherapy In Breast Carcinoma: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Pilot Trial In The Context Of Usual Care, Purnima Shukla, Chaturbhuja Nayak, Mirza Baig, Purak Misra Sep 2020

Effects Of Pre-Defined Homoeopathic Medicines To Mitigate Adverse Dermatological Effects Of Radiotherapy And Vomiting Of Chemotherapy In Breast Carcinoma: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Pilot Trial In The Context Of Usual Care, Purnima Shukla, Chaturbhuja Nayak, Mirza Baig, Purak Misra

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are used in breast cancer, but they cause an array of adverse effects including dermatological changes and vomiting. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine whether Usual Care (UC) plus pre-defined homoeopathic remedies can produce different effect beyond UC plus placebo in dermatological adverse effects of radiotherapy and vomiting of chemotherapy in breast carcinoma. Methods: In this double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm trial, 88 females suffering from dermatological adverse effects due to radiotherapy (n = 41) or vomiting due to chemotherapy (n = 47) were randomised to receive either UC + Homoeopathy (verum; n = …


Ferrum Phosphoricum 3x And Ferrum Metallicum 3x In The Treatment Of Iron Deficiency Anaemia In Children: Randomized Parallel Arm Study, Anil Khurana, Renu Mittal, Padmalaya Rath, Karunakara Moorthy, Divya Taneja, Uttam Singh, Kabita Mishra, Raj Manchanda Sep 2020

Ferrum Phosphoricum 3x And Ferrum Metallicum 3x In The Treatment Of Iron Deficiency Anaemia In Children: Randomized Parallel Arm Study, Anil Khurana, Renu Mittal, Padmalaya Rath, Karunakara Moorthy, Divya Taneja, Uttam Singh, Kabita Mishra, Raj Manchanda

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Anaemia in children has significant adverse health consequences and is a major public health problem. Objective: The objective of this study is to identify efficacy of Ferrum phosphoricum 3X (FP) and Ferrum metallicum 3X (FM) in changing haemoglobin (Hb) levels in school-going children, 12–14 years of age with Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA). Materials and Methods: School children were screened for Hb levels using a portable haemoglobinometer at Noida, Kottayam, Guwahati and Imphal. Children with Hb levels ≤11.9 g% and ≥8 g% were investigated for IDA by measuring serum ferritin level and other parameters. Children enrolled were divided into two …


Prevalence Of Homoeopathic Polar Symptoms: A Follow-Up Pilot Study Conducted In Mumbai In 2017, Vaishali Shinde, Lex Rutten, Anil Khurana, Raj Manchanda, Ramesh Bawaskar Sep 2020

Prevalence Of Homoeopathic Polar Symptoms: A Follow-Up Pilot Study Conducted In Mumbai In 2017, Vaishali Shinde, Lex Rutten, Anil Khurana, Raj Manchanda, Ramesh Bawaskar

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Prospective assessment of homoeopathic symptoms is different from eliciting symptoms in daily practice. In prognostic factor research, we apply symptom questionnaires with Likert scales to assess symptoms in different intensities. In former research, we tested a 5-point Likert scale, which rendered a rather high prevalence for some symptoms even the strongest intensity, not useful in daily practice. A longer, 7-point Likert scale might render more useful outcome. Objective: To study if a longer Likert scale perform better in homoeopathic prognostic factor research. Methods: A 7-point Likert scale questionnaire with 30 polar symptoms was tested on 300 patients. Responses to …


Optimising The Use Of Polar Symptoms In Homoeopathy: Introduction To A Pilot Study Of Prognostic Factor Research In Chronic Cough, Harleen Kaur, Chetna Lamba, Jyoti Sachdeva, Lex Rutten, Anil Khurana, Praveen Oberai, Raj Manchanda, Sonia Raizada, Sujata Chaudhury Sep 2020

Optimising The Use Of Polar Symptoms In Homoeopathy: Introduction To A Pilot Study Of Prognostic Factor Research In Chronic Cough, Harleen Kaur, Chetna Lamba, Jyoti Sachdeva, Lex Rutten, Anil Khurana, Praveen Oberai, Raj Manchanda, Sonia Raizada, Sujata Chaudhury

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Polar symptoms represent the most challenging rubrics in the homoeopathic repertories, despite their frequent use. Objective: The study objective was to assess the relationship between 27 polar cough symptoms, 3 non-polar cough symptoms and 30 general polar symptoms and successful response to specific homoeopathic medicines. Materials and Methods: A multi-centre, explorative, prospective, observational study was conducted at ten centres under the Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy. Two hundred and sixteen patients were enrolled with chronic cough, lasting >8 weeks. The patients were enrolled as per four underlying diagnoses of chronic upper airway cough syndrome (CUACS), gastro-oesophageal reflux disease …


Management Of Post-Intubation Subglottic Stenosis With Individualised Homoeopathic Therapy: A Case Report, Shelly Sharma, Seema Mahesh, George Vithoulkas Sep 2020

Management Of Post-Intubation Subglottic Stenosis With Individualised Homoeopathic Therapy: A Case Report, Shelly Sharma, Seema Mahesh, George Vithoulkas

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Introduction: Subglottic stenosis is a narrowing of the airway just below the vocal cords. This narrowing can cause serious breathing difficulties. Subglottic stenosis can be congenital or acquired. Frequent or long-term intubation is the most common cause of acquired subglottic stenosis. Case Summary: In this case report, adjuvant homoeopathic treatment helped prevent tracheal stent implantation surgery, otherwise deemed necessary in such a state and improved the overall general state. This case report gives ground to further investigate the extent to which individualised Homoeopathy may be applied in postintubation subglottic stenosis.


Research Highlights (January 2020–May 2020), Swati Pandey Sep 2020

Research Highlights (January 2020–May 2020), Swati Pandey

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

No abstract provided.


Simplify The Complexity And Replicate The Simplicity: Book Review Of Standard Treatment Guidelines In Homoeopathy, Aaron To Ka Lun Sep 2020

Simplify The Complexity And Replicate The Simplicity: Book Review Of Standard Treatment Guidelines In Homoeopathy, Aaron To Ka Lun

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

No abstract provided.


Evidence-Based Homoeopathy: A Case Report Of Nodular Episcleritis, Sandeep Sathye Sep 2020

Evidence-Based Homoeopathy: A Case Report Of Nodular Episcleritis, Sandeep Sathye

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Introduction: Nodular episcleritis (NE) is a variety of episcleritis characterised by inflammation of subconjunctival connective tissue leading to development of a localised raised congested nodule with mild pain and tenderness. It can last for weeks with a tendency to recur and is often considered as an allergic reaction to endogenous toxins. Conventional treatment includes the use of topical steroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs which give a temporary relief. Case Summary: The case of a 62-year-old male patient suffering from NE in the right eye for 15 days not responding to conventional treatment is reported here. Homoeopathic Mercurius solubilis 30C prescribed …


Homoeopathy In Pandemic Spanish Flu 1918, Vaishali Shinde Jun 2020

Homoeopathy In Pandemic Spanish Flu 1918, Vaishali Shinde

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

The mankind has been under the wrath of various H1N1 viruses tracing back to the Spanish flu (SF) in 1918 down to pandemics in 1957 H2N2, 1968 H3N2, 2009 H1N1 and COVID 19 in 2020. Despite a lot of advancements in genomic viral studies, laboratory techniques, medical advancement and treatment options in the form of antiviral and antibiotics, the threat of pandemics is hovering on mankind with a challenge at global and national level to fight against it. Homoeopathy has played a contributory role in the treatment and prevention in various epidemics in the past. In this overview, the role …


Homoeopathy In Epidemics: Bridging The Gap, Anil Khurana Jun 2020

Homoeopathy In Epidemics: Bridging The Gap, Anil Khurana

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

No abstract provided.


Proposed Checklist For Standardising Homoeoprophylaxis Interventions, Isaac Golden Jun 2020

Proposed Checklist For Standardising Homoeoprophylaxis Interventions, Isaac Golden

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Results from large homoeoprophylaxis (HP) interventions support the effectiveness of HP, but their variable methodology means that meaningful summaries of the combined data are difficult to produce. Objective: The aim of this article is to develop possible ways of standardising and improving the quality of data from HP interventions. Methods: Evidence collected from some large HP interventions is summarised. A previously suggested pre- and post-intervention checklist intended to help standardise the evidence from HP interventions is critically examined. Results: A summary of HP evidence from large interventions shows that there is a growing body of data suggesting a level …


An Online Cross-Sectional Survey On Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices And Perspectives Of Homoeopathic Practitioners Towards Covid-19, Divya Taneja, Anil Khurana Jun 2020

An Online Cross-Sectional Survey On Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices And Perspectives Of Homoeopathic Practitioners Towards Covid-19, Divya Taneja, Anil Khurana

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: In the light of pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), identification of level of epidemic preparedness and understanding of homoeopathic practitioners is required to utilise their services in mainstream healthcare effectively. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify knowledge, attitudes and practices of homoeopathic physicians about COVID-19. Methodology: An online cross-sectional survey was undertaken in the midst of the epidemic in India when services of homoeopathic doctors were under consideration. The ten knowledge questions were scored and analysed to identify differences with sociodemographic variables. Responses to the ten questions on attitudes and practices were analysed to identify differences …


A Review On The Role Of Homoeopathy In Epidemics With Some Reflections On Covid-19 (Sars-Cov-2), Anupriya Chaudhary, Anil Khurana Jun 2020

A Review On The Role Of Homoeopathy In Epidemics With Some Reflections On Covid-19 (Sars-Cov-2), Anupriya Chaudhary, Anil Khurana

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background and Objectives: While the world is grappling with the current pandemic of COVID-19, medical fraternity and policy makers are still trying to find ways to control its spread in the absence of any definite treatment protocol. The escalating medical costs of infrastructural requirements in health care as well as development of vaccine are but a few challenges being faced. Alternative approaches to handle the situation require to be explored. This article reviews the role homoeopathy has played in controlling epidemics afflicting the mankind in the past while summarizing the scope of this approach in the current COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: …


Homoeopathy In The Management Of Infectious Diseases: Different Facets Of Its Use And Implications For The Future, Roja Varanasi, Debadatta Nayak Jun 2020

Homoeopathy In The Management Of Infectious Diseases: Different Facets Of Its Use And Implications For The Future, Roja Varanasi, Debadatta Nayak

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Infectious diseases are a major challenge to humanity and public health at large. Objective: The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic narrative review of the clinical research evidence for homeopathy in the management of infectious diseases. Methods: A comprehensive search of major biomedical databases: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Pubmed, Core-Hom, AYUSH Research Portal) and other individual journal sites were conducted. Relevant research published between 1999 and 2019 was categorised by study type, clinical condition and causative pathogen. Results: The literature search of two decades (1999–2019) gathered 86 articles: Meta-analysis (n = 1), systematic reviews (n …


A Review On Immunomodulatory Response Of Homoeopathic Medicines Through Cytokine Induction As Evidenced In In Vivo And In Vitro Studies, Mohit Mathur, Anu Kapoor Jun 2020

A Review On Immunomodulatory Response Of Homoeopathic Medicines Through Cytokine Induction As Evidenced In In Vivo And In Vitro Studies, Mohit Mathur, Anu Kapoor

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: This review discusses the importance of inter-individual variations in Homoeopathy and role of immune modulation through cytokine induction behind these variations in symptoms. Objectives: To analyse the effects of homoeopathic drugs in modulation of cytokine synthesis to find the individualised immunological mechanisms of these drugs. Methods: The PubMed database was searched for studies which analysed effects of homoeopathic medicines on cytokine synthesis. Full texts of shortlisted studies after scrutiny of abstracts, were analysed for study design, homoeopathic medicines used, cytokines analysed and results. Results: The PubMed search yielded 21 studies. After analysis of abstracts of 21 studies, 10 were …


Homoeopathic Nosodes, A Neglected Approach For Epidemics: A Critical Review, Debadatta Nayak, Roja Varanasi Jun 2020

Homoeopathic Nosodes, A Neglected Approach For Epidemics: A Critical Review, Debadatta Nayak, Roja Varanasi

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Nosodes are the homoeopathic medicines prepared from diseased products of biological origin. These are commonly used in clinical practice for the prophylaxis and treatment of ailments including infectious diseases. Objective: This review aims at the usage of nosodes for the management of epidemics. Methods: The homoeopathic research literature was searched to find examples of the use of nosodes in different ways and to evaluate their role and position in homoeopathic practice with special reference to epidemic diseases. Results: Research evidence for use of the nosodes as prophylactics and for the treatment of various infectious and non-infectious diseases is emerging. …


Psychological Implications During The Outbreak Of Covid-19 And Its Homoeopathic Management, Sanjeevi Moorthi, P Radhika, K Muraleedharan Jun 2020

Psychological Implications During The Outbreak Of Covid-19 And Its Homoeopathic Management, Sanjeevi Moorthi, P Radhika, K Muraleedharan

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly spreading across the globe and is creating dread among all people irrespective of their socioeconomic status. To tackle the rapid spread of the disease, social distancing has been found to be the only measure. However, such distancing creates a lot of mental stress, as evident from previous studies. Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the psychological implications during quarantine and isolation and to find the homoeopathic remedies that may be suitable. Methods: We have tried to collect the mental symptoms from the available literature and from the recent studies in …


Enabling Use Of Homoeopathy In India's Preparedness For Pandemic/Epidemic Situation Like Covid-19, Suhana Azis, Harleen Kaur Jun 2020

Enabling Use Of Homoeopathy In India's Preparedness For Pandemic/Epidemic Situation Like Covid-19, Suhana Azis, Harleen Kaur

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

India reported its first positive case of COVID-19 on 30th January 2020. The alerts, the checks and the quarantines soon followed. As of 28th April 2020, India had crossed the 20,000 mark of positive cases and seen over 900 deaths. The nation is adapting and preparing fast for this rapidly spreading COVID outbreak, and new advisories superseding the previous ones as per the evolving needs are being issued by the concerned authorities on almost daily or weekly basis. The unprecedented spread of this pandemic was unforeseen, and therefore, many nations, including India, were caught off guard, and understandably so. The …