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Full-Text Articles in Physiology

Cacna1g Transcript Knockdown Analysis Via In Situ Hybridization, Jennifer (Shih-En) Chen May 2021

Cacna1g Transcript Knockdown Analysis Via In Situ Hybridization, Jennifer (Shih-En) Chen

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) comprises the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) of the midbrain. It contains glutamatergic, cholinergic, and GABAergic interneurons, but only glutamatergic neurons influence locomotion, which is our focus here. The PPN receives upstream and downstream input from the basal ganglia. It projects to the reticular formation of the brainstem, which connects to the spinal cord. The PPN is involved in a wide range of physiological and behavioral processes, but our focus is locomotion. We hypothesize that the PPN influences the reticular activating system (RAS) of the medulla and thus the central pattern generators (CPG) in the spinal cord …


Role Of Synaptic Inhibition In The Coupling Of The Respiratory Rhythms That Underlie Eupnea And Sigh Behaviors, Daniel S. Borrus, Cameron J. Grover, Gregory D. Conradi Smith, Christopher A. Del Negro May 2020

Role Of Synaptic Inhibition In The Coupling Of The Respiratory Rhythms That Underlie Eupnea And Sigh Behaviors, Daniel S. Borrus, Cameron J. Grover, Gregory D. Conradi Smith, Christopher A. Del Negro

Arts & Sciences Articles

The preBötzinger complex (preBötC) gives rise to two types of breathing behavior under normal physiological conditions: eupnea and sighing. Here, we examine the neural mechanisms that couple their underlying rhythms. We measured breathing in awake intact adult mice and recorded inspiratory rhythms from the preBötC in neonatal mouse brainstem slice preparations. We show previously undocumented variability in the temporal relationship between sigh breaths or bursts and their preceding eupneic breaths or inspiratory bursts. Investigating the synaptic mechanisms for this variability in vitro, we further show that pharmacological blockade of chloride-mediated synaptic inhibition strengthens inspiratory-to-sigh temporal coupling. These findings contrast …


Mercury Exposure And Chronic Food Stress Elevate Corticosterone In Blood But Not Feathers, Casey Lee Mclaughlin Jan 2020

Mercury Exposure And Chronic Food Stress Elevate Corticosterone In Blood But Not Feathers, Casey Lee Mclaughlin

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Bird abundance in North America has declined by almost 30% in just the past 50 years. It is crucial that we understand the many factors contributing to declines, including the impacts of environmental contaminants. Mercury is a persistent and global neurotoxic contaminant of aquatic systems that will continue to increase in the environment as anthropogenic activities and climate change accelerate its emission. The impact of mercury on songbirds, a large and diverse but declining taxon, is not well understood. I sought to better understand the effects of mercury exposure on songbirds by studying its impact on the environmentally sensitive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal …


The Impacts Of Acute Hypoxic Exposure And Other Concomitant Stressors On The Cardiorespiratory Physiology Of Coastal Elasmobranch Fishes, Gail Danielle Schwieterman Jan 2020

The Impacts Of Acute Hypoxic Exposure And Other Concomitant Stressors On The Cardiorespiratory Physiology Of Coastal Elasmobranch Fishes, Gail Danielle Schwieterman

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

This dissertation examines physiological stress responses of coastal elasmobranch fishes and investigates mechanisms that maintain oxygen delivery under stress. Elasmobranch fishes are, in general, understudied despite their susceptibility (due to K-selected life histories) to unsustainably high fishing mortality and the effects of climate change. Knowledge of physiological stress responses is, therefore, necessary to understand species-specific resilience and overall susceptibility to stressors. In Chapter II, I describe the hypoxia tolerances of clearnose skate (Rostaraja eglanteria), thorny skate (Amblyraja radiata), and summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus, a representative teleost species) under conditions of temperatures and acidification projected to occur by the end of …


Physiological Stress And Post-Release Mortality Of White Marlin (Kajikia Albida) Caught In The U.S Recreational Fishery, Lela Sylvia Schlenker Jan 2014

Physiological Stress And Post-Release Mortality Of White Marlin (Kajikia Albida) Caught In The U.S Recreational Fishery, Lela Sylvia Schlenker

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

White Marlin (Kajikia albida) is a highly migratory species that occurs throughout temperate and tropical regions of the Atlantic Ocean and is the basis of a large sport fishery along the United States Atlantic coast. The single, Atlantic-wide stock is considered to be overfished, with less than one-third the spawning biomass estimated to be necessary for maximum sustainable yield. Billfish management measures adopted by the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) and implemented in the U.S. by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), as well as increasing angler awareness of conservation, have resulted in the vast majority …


New Insights Into Fibrous Body Protein Complexes Involved In C Elegans Spermatogenesis, Christopher M. Uyehara Jan 2014

New Insights Into Fibrous Body Protein Complexes Involved In C Elegans Spermatogenesis, Christopher M. Uyehara

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Evaluating The Potential For Adaptive Response To Mercury In Captive-Dosed Zebra Finches, Kenton August Buck Jan 2013

Evaluating The Potential For Adaptive Response To Mercury In Captive-Dosed Zebra Finches, Kenton August Buck

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Nuclear Export Dynamics Of Thyroid Hormone Receptors, Kelly Sue Subramanian Jan 2012

Nuclear Export Dynamics Of Thyroid Hormone Receptors, Kelly Sue Subramanian

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Pax5 Signatures: The Identification Of Pax5 Isoforms In Developing And Activated B Cell Populations Of Rainbow Trout, Elizabeth Anne Macmurray Jan 2012

Pax5 Signatures: The Identification Of Pax5 Isoforms In Developing And Activated B Cell Populations Of Rainbow Trout, Elizabeth Anne Macmurray

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


The Effects Of Methylmercury On Corticosterone And Thyroid Hormones In A Breeding Songbird Model Organism, Sarah Ross Lemelin Jan 2011

The Effects Of Methylmercury On Corticosterone And Thyroid Hormones In A Breeding Songbird Model Organism, Sarah Ross Lemelin

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Nuclear Export Of The Thyroid Hormone Receptor [Alpha], Matthew Edward Grespin Jan 2008

Nuclear Export Of The Thyroid Hormone Receptor [Alpha], Matthew Edward Grespin

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling Of The Thyroid Hormone Receptor, Vincent R. Roggero Jan 2008

Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling Of The Thyroid Hormone Receptor, Vincent R. Roggero

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Biomarker Responses In Fathead Minnows (Pimephales Promelas) During Exposure To Exceptional Quality Biosolids, Constance A. Sullivan Jan 2007

Biomarker Responses In Fathead Minnows (Pimephales Promelas) During Exposure To Exceptional Quality Biosolids, Constance A. Sullivan

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Phenotypic Properties And Intrinsic Currents Of Neurons Involved In The Neural Generation Of Mammalian Breathing, John A. Hayes Jan 2007

Phenotypic Properties And Intrinsic Currents Of Neurons Involved In The Neural Generation Of Mammalian Breathing, John A. Hayes

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Breathing is essential for mammalian life. Although there is an emerging consensus that the inspiratory respiratory rhythm is generated in a lower brainstem region known as the preBotzinger Complex (preBotC), the mechanism of rhythmogenesis is still unclear. Additionally, the modulation of intrinsic currents within preBotC neurons has yet to be fully elucidated. This dissertation addresses both of these issues and relies on imaging, electrophysiological, and modeling techniques. The first chapter examines the size and composition of the preBotC. The chapter also decribes the means by which substance P (SP) excites the vast majority of preBotC neurons by illustrating the characteristics …


Particle Retention In Suspension-Feeding Fish: Kinematics, Oral Flow Speed, And Particle Retention During Tilapia Suspension Feeding With Gill Rakers Intact Vs Removed, Jennifer Claire Smith Jan 2006

Particle Retention In Suspension-Feeding Fish: Kinematics, Oral Flow Speed, And Particle Retention During Tilapia Suspension Feeding With Gill Rakers Intact Vs Removed, Jennifer Claire Smith

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Kinematics And Fluid Dynamics Of The Ventilatory Cycle In Carp (Cyprinus Carpio), William Todd Callan Jan 2005

Kinematics And Fluid Dynamics Of The Ventilatory Cycle In Carp (Cyprinus Carpio), William Todd Callan

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Physiological Ecology Of The Cultured Hard Clam, Mercenaria Mercenaria: A Case Study In Cherrystone Inlet, Virginia, Elizabeth Darrow Condon Jan 2005

Physiological Ecology Of The Cultured Hard Clam, Mercenaria Mercenaria: A Case Study In Cherrystone Inlet, Virginia, Elizabeth Darrow Condon

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Metabolic Rates And Bioenergetics Of Juvenile Sandbar Sharks (Carcharhinus Plumbeus), W. Wesley Dowd Jan 2003

Metabolic Rates And Bioenergetics Of Juvenile Sandbar Sharks (Carcharhinus Plumbeus), W. Wesley Dowd

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The lower Chesapeake Bay and adjacent coastal waters serve as the primary summer nursery areas for juvenile sandbar sharks (Carcharhinus plumbeus) in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. The large population of juvenile sandbar sharks in this ecosystem benefits from increased food availability that fuels rapid growth and from limited exposure to large shark predators. Juvenile growth and survival is the most critical life history stage for sandbar sharks, and juvenile nursery grounds will continue to play an important role in the slow recovery of this stock from severe population declines due to overfishing. The goal of this study was to assess …


Role Of The Cytoskeleton In Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling Of The Thyroid Hormone Receptor, Mandi Leigh Payne Brock Jan 2003

Role Of The Cytoskeleton In Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling Of The Thyroid Hormone Receptor, Mandi Leigh Payne Brock

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


The Effects Of Prostaglandin E2 On The Neurons Of The Ventromedial Preoptic Area Of The Hypothalamus: A Mechanism Of Fever, Heather J. Ranels Jan 2002

The Effects Of Prostaglandin E2 On The Neurons Of The Ventromedial Preoptic Area Of The Hypothalamus: A Mechanism Of Fever, Heather J. Ranels

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Tr Phosphorylation & Nuclear Import, James B. Nicoll Jan 2001

Tr Phosphorylation & Nuclear Import, James B. Nicoll

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Circadian Rhythms And Melatonin Receptors As Sources Of Individual Variation In Reproductive Photoresponsiveness, Sean Bradford Majoy Jan 1999

Circadian Rhythms And Melatonin Receptors As Sources Of Individual Variation In Reproductive Photoresponsiveness, Sean Bradford Majoy

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Ethanol Preference In Peromyscus: An Association With Compromised Ethanol Metabolism, James Scott Lowman Jan 1998

Ethanol Preference In Peromyscus: An Association With Compromised Ethanol Metabolism, James Scott Lowman

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


A Demonstration Of Photoresponsiveness In Laboratory Rats Using Whole Animal And Neuroendocrine Approaches, Christopher John Sylvester Jan 1997

A Demonstration Of Photoresponsiveness In Laboratory Rats Using Whole Animal And Neuroendocrine Approaches, Christopher John Sylvester

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Day And Night Differences In Water Regulation Of Peromyscus Leucopus, Haejin Erin Chae Jan 1997

Day And Night Differences In Water Regulation Of Peromyscus Leucopus, Haejin Erin Chae

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Altered Expression Of A Glutathione S-Transferase Isoform In Creosote-Resistant Mummichog, Fundulus Heteroclitus, Susan Lovejoy Armknecht Jan 1996

Altered Expression Of A Glutathione S-Transferase Isoform In Creosote-Resistant Mummichog, Fundulus Heteroclitus, Susan Lovejoy Armknecht

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Uptake, Biotransformation, And Elimination Of Benzo[A]Pyrene By The Gammarid Amphipod Leptocheirus Plumulosus, Caryn M. Huszai Jan 1995

Uptake, Biotransformation, And Elimination Of Benzo[A]Pyrene By The Gammarid Amphipod Leptocheirus Plumulosus, Caryn M. Huszai

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Uptake Routes Of Benzo[A]Pyrene In An Estuarine Killifish: Cytochrome P4501a Immunohistochemistry Using Whole Fish, Maria Karin Cochran Jan 1994

Uptake Routes Of Benzo[A]Pyrene In An Estuarine Killifish: Cytochrome P4501a Immunohistochemistry Using Whole Fish, Maria Karin Cochran

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Functional Characterization Of The Electrophoretic Hemoglobin Polymorphism In The Atlantic Croaker (Micropogon Undulatus), Daniel Allen Shelly Jan 1994

Functional Characterization Of The Electrophoretic Hemoglobin Polymorphism In The Atlantic Croaker (Micropogon Undulatus), Daniel Allen Shelly

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Comparison Of Uptake And Disposition Of Organic Pollutants In Intermolt And Ecdysial Blue Crabs, Callinectes Sapidus, Judy Lynne Haner Jan 1993

Comparison Of Uptake And Disposition Of Organic Pollutants In Intermolt And Ecdysial Blue Crabs, Callinectes Sapidus, Judy Lynne Haner

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.