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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Effect Of Hydrogen Peroxide On Protein Degradation Of Feather Meal, C.A. Löest, C.M. Coetzer, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard
Effect Of Hydrogen Peroxide On Protein Degradation Of Feather Meal, C.A. Löest, C.M. Coetzer, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Protein degradation of feather meal treated with hydrogen peroxide was evaluated using the in situ bag technique. Bags containing untreated feather meal or feather meal treated with 1.4, 2.5, 2.7, 5.0, or 7.0% hydrogen peroxide (g/100 g feather meal, as fed basis) at various pH and times of heating (55oC) were suspended in the rumen of a cannulated steer for 12 hours. Protein degradabilities of feather meal treated with 2.5 and 2.7% peroxide were only 12 to 19% greater than untreated feather meal, but feather meal treated with 5% peroxide had protein degradabilities 56 to 67% greater than untreated feather …
Use Of Organic Acids For Control Of Clostridium Perfringens In Cooked Vacuum-Packaged Ground Beef Products Subjected To Substandard Cooling Procedures, J.R. Sabah, T. Harshavardhan, James L. Marsden, Daniel Y.C. Fung
Use Of Organic Acids For Control Of Clostridium Perfringens In Cooked Vacuum-Packaged Ground Beef Products Subjected To Substandard Cooling Procedures, J.R. Sabah, T. Harshavardhan, James L. Marsden, Daniel Y.C. Fung
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This study determined the ability of Clostridium perfringens spores to germinate and grow after different organic acid treatments in vacuum packaged cooked ground beef subjected to substandard (slow) cooling. Meat samples were inoculated with a three-strain cocktail of C. perfringens spores (ATCC 10388, NCTC 8238, and NCTC 8239), then vacuum-packaged, cooked in a water bath to 167°F internal temperature, and held 20 min. The water bath temperature was then lowered to 130°F, and samples were cooled from 130°F to 45°F over 18 hr. Samples were taken after inoculation, after cooking, and after cooling. In the event of substandard cooling, sodium …
Effects Of Tallow And Ground Flaxseed On Sensory And Color Characteristics Of Ribeye Steaks, H.J. Labrune, K.A. Hachmeister, Donald H. Kropf, James S. Drouillard, Michael E. Dikeman
Effects Of Tallow And Ground Flaxseed On Sensory And Color Characteristics Of Ribeye Steaks, H.J. Labrune, K.A. Hachmeister, Donald H. Kropf, James S. Drouillard, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Forty-eight ribeye steaks from steers fed diets containing steam-flaked corn (SFC), steam-flaked corn with tallow (SFC/Tallow), or steam-flaked corn with rolled flaxseed (Flax) were used to evaluate the effects of dietary fat on sensory traits, retail display color stability, and fatty acid composition. Steaks from Flax-fed steers had increased deposition of α linolenic acid (C18:3n3, an omega-3 fatty acid; P<0.01) and developed a detectable off-flavor (P<0.05) when compared to those of cattle fed SFC and SFC/Tallow. There were no differences in tenderness, juiciness, or flavor intensity (P>0.10) among the three treatments. Steaks from cattle fed SFC retained a desirable color longer than those from cattle fed Flax (P<0.05) which may be attributable to premature lipid oxidation in steaks from cattle fed Flax. This study suggests that altering the fat in the diet may affect flavor and color stability of the meat. Feeding flaxseed can effectively alter composition of carcass tissues to yield beef that is high in omega-3 fatty acids, which may lead to premature lipid oxidation.
Will Blade Tenderization Decrease Iridescence In Cooked Beef Semitendinosus Muscle?, E. Obuz, Donald H. Kropf
Will Blade Tenderization Decrease Iridescence In Cooked Beef Semitendinosus Muscle?, E. Obuz, Donald H. Kropf
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Ten beef semitendinosus muscles were divided into three sections, which were randomly assigned to one of three blade tenderization treatments (control-zero, one, or two times). Blade-tenderized muscles were cooked in a forced-air convection oven at 325° to 145°F and held for 1 min. Cooked muscles were chilled overnight at 38°F and sliced by a sharp knife. Panelists (n=19) evaluated iridescence intensity on a five-point scale (0=no iridescence, 5=very strong) and extent of iridescence (0=no iridescence, 5=81-100% affected area). Blade tenderization decreased (P<0.05) iridescence intensity from 2.37 to 2.02 and extent of iridescence from 2.18 to 1.83 (control zero vs. two passes). Cooking loss increased (P<0.05) with blade tenderization (30.4% control, 32.6% one pass, 33.7% two passes). Blade tenderization has a moderate effect on reducing iridescence.
Fertility Of Heifers After Synchronization Of Estrus Using Gnrh, Pgf2Α, And Progesterone (Cidr), A.M. Richardson, B.A. Hensley, T.J. Marple, Sandra K. Johnson, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Fertility Of Heifers After Synchronization Of Estrus Using Gnrh, Pgf2Α, And Progesterone (Cidr), A.M. Richardson, B.A. Hensley, T.J. Marple, Sandra K. Johnson, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Our objectives were to determine fertility of heifers after estrus synchronization using PGF2αpreceded by either progesterone, GnRH, or both. Beef (n = 193) and dairy (n = 246) heifers were assigned randomly to three treatments: 1) 50 μg of GnRH and a used intravaginal progesterone-releasing insert were administered on day −7, followed by 25 mg of PGF2αon day −1, and CIDR removal on day 0 (CIDR + GnRH + PGF); 2) the same as 1) but without the GnRH (CIDR + PGF); and 3) the same as 1) but without the CIDR (GnRH + PGF; modified Select Synch). Rates of …
Factors Affecting The Price Paid For Spring-Yearling Bulls, T.T. Marston, L.E. Wankel, Daniel W. Moser
Factors Affecting The Price Paid For Spring-Yearling Bulls, T.T. Marston, L.E. Wankel, Daniel W. Moser
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Many factors are considered when commercial cow/calf producers buy bulls. Breeding system needs and breeder's preference determine which breed of bull will be purchased at a multi-breed sale. Our analysis of prices paid for bulls tested and sold through the Kansas Bull Test Station indicates that bull consigners' reputations and marketing techniques influence the price received for bulls at such an event. Individual performance and genetic potential are other areas of interest to bull buyers. Buying habits and prices indicate that commercial cow/calf operations use different traits, depending on the breed, to enhance their cowherd's production.
A Study Of The Chemical And Microbial Changes In Whole-Plant Corn Silage During Fermentation And Storage: Effects Of Packing Density And Sealing Technique, M.E. Uriarte-Archundia, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent
A Study Of The Chemical And Microbial Changes In Whole-Plant Corn Silage During Fermentation And Storage: Effects Of Packing Density And Sealing Technique, M.E. Uriarte-Archundia, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The objectives of this study with whole-plant corn silage were to determine the effects of forage density after packing, and sealing technique on yeast and mold populations; and to examine the relationship between the microbial and chemical changes in the silages during the fermentation process and storage period. Whole-plant corn was harvested at 80% milkline (36% DM) and ensiled at three densities (D): D1, 23.2; D2, 33.2, and D3, 43.3 lb/ft3. Half of the silos for each density were sealed immediately after filling (S, sealed) and the other half of the silos were sealed 48 hours after filling (DS, delayed …
Effect Of Source Of Carbohydrate And Degradable Intake Protein In Supplements On Low-Quality Forage Utilization By Steers, J.I. Arroquy, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Wickersham, Donald A. Llewellyn
Effect Of Source Of Carbohydrate And Degradable Intake Protein In Supplements On Low-Quality Forage Utilization By Steers, J.I. Arroquy, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Wickersham, Donald A. Llewellyn
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Twelve ruminally fistulated steers were used in an experiment to study the impact of the source of carbohydrate (CHO) and degradable intake protein (DIP) in supplements on low-quality forage utilization. Treatments consisted of two different CHO types (fed at 0.16% of initial BW) each offered with an equal amount of DIP (0.087% of initial BW) but with six different proportions of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) and true protein as sources of DIP. The CHO types were starch and dextrose (a simple sugar). The different proportions of the two sources of N contributing to the DIP were 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80 …
Mechanical Force Measures On Uncooked Beef Longissimus Muscle Can Predict Tenderness Of Strip Loin Steaks, R.R. Timm, John A. Unruh, Michael E. Dikeman, M.C. Hunt, T.E. Lawrence, John E. Boyer, James L. Marsden
Mechanical Force Measures On Uncooked Beef Longissimus Muscle Can Predict Tenderness Of Strip Loin Steaks, R.R. Timm, John A. Unruh, Michael E. Dikeman, M.C. Hunt, T.E. Lawrence, John E. Boyer, James L. Marsden
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We investigated mechanical force measurements on uncooked longissimus muscle as a means to predict Warner- Bratzler shear force (WBSF) and trained sensory panel tenderness (SPT) of cooked strip loin steaks. Uncooked steaks from 24 USDA Select strip loins (IMPS 180) were evaluated at 2 and 14 days postmortem using plumb bob and needle probe devices attached to an Instron Universal Testing Machine. Cooked steaks aged 14 days were then evaluated for WBSF and SPT. Regression models to predict SPT from needle probe and plumb bob measurements individually taken at 2 days postmortem had R2 of 0.54 and 0.51, respectively. Combining …
Maximizing Desirable Ground Beef Color With Cold Storage And Display Temperatures, R.A. Mancini, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, K.A. Hachmeister, D.E. Johnson, John A. Fox
Maximizing Desirable Ground Beef Color With Cold Storage And Display Temperatures, R.A. Mancini, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, K.A. Hachmeister, D.E. Johnson, John A. Fox
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This study evaluated the combined effects of storage temperature, storage time, display temperature, display time, and fat level on ground beef color. Storage at 32°F minimized discoloration during display compared to storage at 40° and 48°F. Storage up to 12 days at 32°F did not affect ground beef color stability, whereas prolonged storage at 40° and 48°F increased discoloration dramatically. When storage was at 32°F, sales loss was 0.4%, compared to 62% at 48°F. Fat level did not influence discoloration. The use of 32°F during storage and display is essential for maximizing ground beef color life.
Effects Of Injection Marination With Various Calcium Sources And Molar Concentrations On Display Color Life, Tenderness, And Microbial Inhibition Of Beef Loin Steaks, T.E. Lawrence, Melvin C. Hunt, Michael E. Dikeman, Curtis L. Kastner, James L. Marsden
Effects Of Injection Marination With Various Calcium Sources And Molar Concentrations On Display Color Life, Tenderness, And Microbial Inhibition Of Beef Loin Steaks, T.E. Lawrence, Melvin C. Hunt, Michael E. Dikeman, Curtis L. Kastner, James L. Marsden
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Beef strip loins were assigned to one of 11 treatments that included injection marination (10% by weight) with three calcium salts at three molar concentrations, a distilled water control, and a non-marinated control. The effects of calcium salt and concentration were tested for retail display color life, tenderness and sensory traits, and microbial growth. Calcium lactate marinated steaks had longer color life and less microbial growth than those treated with calcium chloride or calcium ascorbate. Increasing molar concentration (.1M to .2M to .3M) caused faster color deterioration, and did not significantly improve microbial inhibition. All calcium treatments improved tenderness; however, …
Evaluation Of Performance In Receiving Heifers Fed Different Sources Of Dietary Lipid, T.B. Farran, H.J. Labrune, Sean P. Montgomery, J.J. Sindt, C.M. Coetzer, R.D. Hunter, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard, Dale A. Blasi
Evaluation Of Performance In Receiving Heifers Fed Different Sources Of Dietary Lipid, T.B. Farran, H.J. Labrune, Sean P. Montgomery, J.J. Sindt, C.M. Coetzer, R.D. Hunter, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard, Dale A. Blasi
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two 35-day receiving experiments were conducted using 668 highly stressed crossbred beef heifers to evaluate differences in growth performance, morbidity, and mortality when fed diets containing differing sources of dietary lipid. Heifers received diets containing beef tallow, tallow enriched with a microalgae product containing a high proportion of docosahexaenoic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid), full-fat soybeans, or ground flaxseed. All diets contained approximately 60% concentrate and 40% roughage (alfalfa hay). Feed intake, daily gain, and feed efficiency were poorer (P<0.05) for cattle fed full-fat soybeans than for those fed the other treatments. Feed intake tended to be reduced when micro-algae was top-dressed to the diet, but gain was not negatively impacted. In Trial 2, feed efficiency was improved by the micro-algae. No notable differences among treatments were evident in the percentage of cattle treated for bovine respiratory disease, but cattle fed flaxseed tended to respond better to therapeutic treatments, requiring fewer retreatments.
Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Steers Fed Dried, Full-Fat Corn Germ, T.J. Kessen, M.J. Sulpizio, M.F. Spire, R.T. Ethington, James S. Drouillard
Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Steers Fed Dried, Full-Fat Corn Germ, T.J. Kessen, M.J. Sulpizio, M.F. Spire, R.T. Ethington, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Three hundred and fifty-eight crossbred beef steers (average initial weight 701 lb) were fed finishing diets containing 0, 5, 10, or 15% full-fat corn germ to evaluate effects on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Steers were placed into dirt-surfaced feedlot pens (12 to 16 head each) in December 2000 with a total of six pens per diet. Average daily gains during the 155-day finishing period were 2.83, 2.99, 3.01 and 2.93 lb/day for cattle fed 0, 5, 10, and 15% corn germ, respectively. Dry matter intakes decreased linearly (P<0.05) with increasing concentrations of full-fat corn germ in the diet. Relative to cattle fed no corn germ, efficiencies were improved by 8, 11, and 9% for cattle fed 5, 10, or 15% germ, respectively. Feeding corn germ also reduced the incidence of liver abscesses (P<0.05) compared to cattle fed the control diet. Dried, full-fat corn germ can be used successfully in cattle finishing diets to increase energy density and animal performance.
Dakota Gold®-Brand Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles: Effects On Finishing Performance And Carcass Characteristics, C.M. Gordon, J. Gosch, J.J. Sindt, Sean P. Montgomery, J.N. Pike, T.J. Kessen, M.J. Sulpizio, M.F. Spire, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard
Dakota Gold®-Brand Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles: Effects On Finishing Performance And Carcass Characteristics, C.M. Gordon, J. Gosch, J.J. Sindt, Sean P. Montgomery, J.N. Pike, T.J. Kessen, M.J. Sulpizio, M.F. Spire, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A 153-day trial was conducted using 345 heifers to determine optimal level of Dakota Gold dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) in finishing diets based on steam-flaked corn. Diets contained six levels of DDGS: 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, and 75%. DDGS affected average daily gain, final weight and hot carcass weight, all of which increased with 15% DDGS and then decreased as additional DDGS was added. Growth performance of heifers fed 30% DDGS was similar to those fed no DDGS. In general, heifers were overfinished, with 61% being Yield Grade 3 or greater and 83% grading Choice or Prime. …
Effect Of Methionine Supplementation On Methionine Metabolism In Growing Cattle, B.D. Lambert, C.A. Löest, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Effect Of Methionine Supplementation On Methionine Metabolism In Growing Cattle, B.D. Lambert, C.A. Löest, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Methionine is often the first limiting amino acid for growing cattle. This study was conducted to determine how methionine metabolism is regulated in the liver of growing steers. Six ruminally cannulated steers were used in a replicated 3 x 3 Latin square experiment. Either 0, 5, or 10 g/day L-methionine was infused into the abomasum. These treatments were designed to be deficient, adequate, and in excess of the steers' requirements for methionine. Methionine supplementation linearly increased protein deposition and decreased the activity of methionine synthase (a methionine conserving enzyme). However, it had little effect on activity of cystathionine synthase (an …
Prevalence Of Mycoplasma Bovis In Bovine Pneumonia And Arthritis, T. Yeary, Jerome C. Nietfeld
Prevalence Of Mycoplasma Bovis In Bovine Pneumonia And Arthritis, T. Yeary, Jerome C. Nietfeld
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Samples from cattle with pneumonia and/or arthritis were cultured for Mycoplasma. When requested, the Mycoplasma isolates were further identified to species by polymerase chain reaction or restriction fragment length polymorphism. The records of all cases where mycoplasma testing was performed were examined and other infectious agents known to cause pneumonia or arthritis were recorded. Mycoplasma species were isolated from 85% of the lung samples and 69% of the joint samples. Eighty-four percent of the 81 Mycoplasma isolates that were further identified were M. bovis, which clearly made it the most common pathogenic agent identified in samples from cattle with pneumonia …
Determining The Influence Of Different Levels Of Urea Supplementation When Beef Cows Grazing Winter Pasture Are Supplemented At Different Frequencies During The Prepartum Period, C.G. Farmer, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Wickersham
Determining The Influence Of Different Levels Of Urea Supplementation When Beef Cows Grazing Winter Pasture Are Supplemented At Different Frequencies During The Prepartum Period, C.G. Farmer, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Wickersham
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred sixty spring-calving Hereford x Angus cows grazing low-quality, tallgrass-prairie range during the winter of 2000-2001 were supplemented before calving either daily or three times weekly. The supplement contained 40% CP with 0, 15, 30, or 45% of the supplemental degradable intake protein from urea. Supplement was fed at 4 lbs/head daily to cows receiving supplement daily. Cows receiving supplement three times weekly were fed the same amount of weekly supplement, but split equally among their supplementation events. After calving, all cows received a supplement without urea on a daily basis. In general, prepartum supplements that contained more urea …
Seasonal Forage Quality Of Rangelands Across Kansas, Keith R. Harmoney, Sandra K. Johnson, R. Cochran, E. Vanzant, Jeffrey J. Wilson, D. Yauk, Michael S. Holder, B. Allen, Warren W. Bell, H. Jansonius
Seasonal Forage Quality Of Rangelands Across Kansas, Keith R. Harmoney, Sandra K. Johnson, R. Cochran, E. Vanzant, Jeffrey J. Wilson, D. Yauk, Michael S. Holder, B. Allen, Warren W. Bell, H. Jansonius
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The K-State Research and Extension Forage Task Force surveyed Kansas rangelands during the course of seasonal changes to enable producers and managers to better estimate the feed value of their pasture forage during particular times of the year. Kansas' two distinct rangeland vegetation types, shortgrass and tallgrass prairie, were evaluated. Forage samples were collected monthly from two rangeland sites in each of 10 Kansas counties. Tallgrass vegetation was lowest in acid detergent fiber (ADF) and greatest in crude protein (CP) from May to July, and rapidly increased in ADF and declined in CP the rest of the season. Shortgrass vegetation …
Validation Of A Steam Based Post-Process Pasteurization System For Control Of Listeria Monocytogenes In Ready-To-Eat Roast Beef, V.S. Gill, H. Thippareddi, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner
Validation Of A Steam Based Post-Process Pasteurization System For Control Of Listeria Monocytogenes In Ready-To-Eat Roast Beef, V.S. Gill, H. Thippareddi, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Listeria monocytogenes has been implicated in outbreaks of illness involving ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products, prompting researchers to look into intervention technologies to reduce or eliminate this risk. In our study roast beef was inoculated with a 5-strain cocktail of Listeria monocytogenes, vacuum-packaged, and then pasteurized at 205°F for 0, 2, 3 or 4 min in a Stork RMS-Protecon Post-Process Pasteurization System. More bacteria were killed as pasteurization time increased. Initial inoculum level was 5.8 log10 CFU/cm2 of product surface area. Pasteurization for 2 min resulted in 2.5 to 2.7 log10 CFU/cm2 reductions. Similar reductions were seen at 3 min. At …
Steam Based Post-Process Pasteurization Of Beef Salami For Control Of Listeria Monocytogenes, V.S. Gill, H. Thippareddi, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner
Steam Based Post-Process Pasteurization Of Beef Salami For Control Of Listeria Monocytogenes, V.S. Gill, H. Thippareddi, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We evaluated the destruction of Listeria monocytogenes on surfaces of artificially inoculated, vacuum-packaged beef salami by steam pasteurization (Stork RMA-Protecon Post-process Pasteurizer). Beef salami was inoculated with L. monocytogenes (initial concentrations of 4.36 log10 CFU/cm2 at the end and 4.49 at the middle), then pasteurized at 185, 194, or 203°F for 2 or 4 min. Only about 0.11 log10 CFU/cm2 (detection limit) L. monocytogenes survived after pasteurization at 203°F for 2 and 4 min, for a "kill rate" of over 99.99%. Post-packaging pasteurization reduces the threat of L. monocytogenes on the surfaces of cooked meat products.
The Effect Of Dakota Gold®-Brand Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles Of Varying Levels On Sensory And Color Characteristics Of Ribeye Steaks, C.M. Gordon, K.A. Hachmeister, James J. Higgins, A.L. Reicks, James S. Drouillard, Randall K. Phebus, Michael E. Dikeman
The Effect Of Dakota Gold®-Brand Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles Of Varying Levels On Sensory And Color Characteristics Of Ribeye Steaks, C.M. Gordon, K.A. Hachmeister, James J. Higgins, A.L. Reicks, James S. Drouillard, Randall K. Phebus, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We evaluated the effect of varying levels of Dakota Gold-brand dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) on meat quality characteristics including sensory traits and display color stability. Rib cuts from heifers from a 153-day feeding trial were selected randomly so that each level of DDGS had 10 steaks in a seven-day retail display color study, and 10 steaks that were cooked for evaluation by a trained sensory panel. Color reflectance value L* (lightness) exhibited an interaction (P<0.05) between diet and day, as well as a quadratic effect (P<0.05). Diet had no effect on a* (redness) or b* (yellowness) values, but a* and b* for all treatments decreased with longer display (P<0.05). A trained sensory panel detected small but significant (P<0.05) linear improvements in myofibrillar tenderness and overall tenderness as DDGS increased. The effect on sensory traits or display color stability were too small to warrant the feeding of DDGS to improve these traits.
Practical Aspects Of Beef Carcass Traceability In Commercial Beef Processing Plants Using An Electronic Identification System, J.R. Davis, Michael E. Dikeman
Practical Aspects Of Beef Carcass Traceability In Commercial Beef Processing Plants Using An Electronic Identification System, J.R. Davis, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The use of an electronic identification (EID) system in slaughter facilities holds great potential as a tool for animal and carcass traceability, if used as part of a comprehensive carcass tracking system. However, the correct association of each carcass with its individual EID tag number may be hindered at several points during the slaughter process. For 2,994 cattle slaughtered in 14 lots and bearing buttontype, full duplex EID ear tags, 113 (3.92%) had non-functional tags, 16 (0.53%) had no tag, and 37 extra head were introduced accidentally into one of our lots. Of the 2,994 carcasses, 71 (2.37%) were railed …
Economies Of Scale In Kansas Beef Cow-Calf Production, L. Stryker, Michael R. Langemeier, R. Jones
Economies Of Scale In Kansas Beef Cow-Calf Production, L. Stryker, Michael R. Langemeier, R. Jones
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Cow-calf producers must learn to control those aspects of production that are under their management. Quantity of beef produced and the cost of maintaining the breeding herd from conception to weaning are two examples of variables over which an individual operator has control. Therefore, it is important for managers to know their cost of production and, in turn, the relationship of quantity produced to cost. Our study found that for a 1% increase in quantity of beef produced, total cost increased by only 0.88%, suggesting economies of scale.
A Study Of The Chemical And Microbial Changes In Whole-Plant Corn Silage During Exposure To Air: Effects Of A Biological Additive And Sealing Technique, M.E. Uriarte-Archundia, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent
A Study Of The Chemical And Microbial Changes In Whole-Plant Corn Silage During Exposure To Air: Effects Of A Biological Additive And Sealing Technique, M.E. Uriarte-Archundia, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The objectives of this study with whole-plant corn silage were to determine the effects of a biological additive and sealing technique on yeast and mold populations; and to examine the relationship between the microbial and chemical changes in the silages during exposure to air. Whole-plant corn was harvested at 80% milkline (36% DM), and ensiled at a density of 35 lb of fresh matter/ft3. Half of the pre-ensiled forage was treated with a biological additive (A) (Sil-All 4x4, Alltech, Inc.); the other half of the pre-ensiled forage was the untreated control (C). Half of the silos in the A and …
Surface Roughening During Slicing Reduces Iridescence, T.E. Lawrence, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf
Surface Roughening During Slicing Reduces Iridescence, T.E. Lawrence, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We evaluated surface roughening during slicing as a way to decrease iridescence of pre-cooked cured beef bottom round, inside round, and eye of round roasts. Using a textured slicing blade surface decreased iridescence intensity and the area of iridescence compared to the control (smooth surface). Iridescence intensity and percentage of iridescent area was greatest in the eye of round, followed by the inside bottom round. Iridescence (both intensity and percentage of area) in sliced meat products can be reduced by using a meat-slicing blade with a textured face.
Impacts Of Food Safety On Beef Demand, T.L. Marsh, N.E. Piggott
Impacts Of Food Safety On Beef Demand, T.L. Marsh, N.E. Piggott
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This study investigates whether food safety incidents involving beef, pork, and poultry, and the accompanying publicity have impacted United States meat demand. Beef demand is modeled as a function of beef prices, competing meat prices, meat expenditures, and food safety. Food safety indices are constructed separately for beef, pork, and poultry. Statistical tests reveal significant effects of food safety incidents on beef demand. The effect of an additional beef food safety incident on beef demand is negative, implying a detrimental impact on beef consumption. Spillover effects of pork and poultry safety incidents are positive and improve beef demand, revealing substitution …
Garlic, Cold Storage And Heating Effects In Controlling Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Ground Beef, E. Ceylan, Melvin C. Hunt, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner
Garlic, Cold Storage And Heating Effects In Controlling Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Ground Beef, E. Ceylan, Melvin C. Hunt, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This research evaluated the effect of garlic, cold storage and heating on Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef patties. Ground beef (20% fat) inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 to an initial inoculum level of 8 log10 CFU/g, was mixed with 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% garlic powder (wt/wt). Samples were stuffed into 1 inch diameter test tubes and incubated at 40°F for 24 hr. Tubes were heated to internal temperatures of 125, 130, 135, 140, 145, 155 and 160°F, and E. coli O157:H7 was enumerated. Garlic addition lowered E. coli O157:H7 survival in ground beef heated to 150 and 155°F, and …
Immune Response In Feeder Cattle Fed Different Sources Of Dietary Lipid, T.B. Farran, M.F. Spire, J.J. Sindt, Sean P. Montgomery, C.M. Coetzer, H.J. Labrune, J. Ernest Minton, James J. Higgins, T.H. Elsasser, James S. Drouillard
Immune Response In Feeder Cattle Fed Different Sources Of Dietary Lipid, T.B. Farran, M.F. Spire, J.J. Sindt, Sean P. Montgomery, C.M. Coetzer, H.J. Labrune, J. Ernest Minton, James J. Higgins, T.H. Elsasser, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two studies were conducted utilizing crossbred beef steers to evaluate immune response following endotoxin challenge. In Trial 1 steers (n = 20; 688 lb BW) were fed diets containing rolled full-fat soybeans (SOY) or tallow (TALLOW). In Trial 2, steers (n=18; 780 lb BW) were fed diets containing TALLOW, flaxseed (FLAX), or a micro-algae (ALGAE) top-dressed to the TALLOW diet. Both FLAX and ALGAE were sources of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. In both trials, diets were fed for a 14-day acclimation period prior to intravenous injection of a bacterial lipopolysaccharide(LPS) endotoxin. Injection of LPS in Trial 1 resulted in higher …
Steam-Flaked Corn Diets Containing Combinations Of Wet Corn Gluten Feed And Alfalfa Hay: Effects On Diet Digestibility And Ruminal Characteristics, J.J. Sindt, Sean P. Montgomery, J.N. Pike, T.B. Farran, C.M. Coetzer, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Steam-Flaked Corn Diets Containing Combinations Of Wet Corn Gluten Feed And Alfalfa Hay: Effects On Diet Digestibility And Ruminal Characteristics, J.J. Sindt, Sean P. Montgomery, J.N. Pike, T.B. Farran, C.M. Coetzer, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Twelve ruminally cannulated Jersey steers were used to measure digestibility and ruminal characteristics of steam-flaked corn based diets containing combinations of wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) and alfalfa hay (AH). Starch intake was lower (P<0.05), but neutral detergent fiber intake was higher (P<0.05) as AH and WCGF increased in the diet. Ruminal pH was increased by AH (linear, P<0.05) and tended (P<0.07) to increase with WCGF. Feeding higher levels of WCGF tended to increase passage rate (P=0.17) and decreased (P<0.05) total tract organic matter digestibility. Flaked corn diets containing at least 25% WCGF may contribute enough roughage to allow reduction of alfalfa hay levels.
The Effect Of Aureomycin® In Combination With Bovetec® In A Mineral Mixture On Steers Grazing Native Grass, F.K. Brazle
The Effect Of Aureomycin® In Combination With Bovetec® In A Mineral Mixture On Steers Grazing Native Grass, F.K. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Three hundred twelve mixed-breed steers (590 lb) were allotted randomly to eight native grass pastures on April 20. The pastures were grazed until July 13. The steers in four pastures received a basic mineral mix with 800 mg of Bovatec7 per lb. The other four pastures received the basic mineral mixture with Bovatec plus 1.6 lb Aureomycin 50 per 50 lb of mineral. The steers receiving the mineral with Aureomycin had greater mineral consumption (P<0.04). Including Aureomycin in the mineral increased gain by 2%; however, the response was not statistically significant.