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Effects Of Repetitive High Energy Pulsed Power (Rhepp) Irradiation On Sensory Attributes, Color, And Shelf Life Of Ground Beef, K.A. Hachmeister, Donald H. Kropf, V.S. Gill, R.J. Kaye, Melvin C. Hunt, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner
Effects Of Repetitive High Energy Pulsed Power (Rhepp) Irradiation On Sensory Attributes, Color, And Shelf Life Of Ground Beef, K.A. Hachmeister, Donald H. Kropf, V.S. Gill, R.J. Kaye, Melvin C. Hunt, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We investigated the effects of packaging atmosphere and three levels of irradiation dose (Repetitive High Energy Pulsed Power, - RHEPP) on microbial populations, vitamin retention, and display color attributes of ground beef patties stored either chilled or frozen. Beef knuckles and beef fat were coarsely ground, sampled and analyzed to achieve 20% fat, mixed, ground through a 1/8 in. plate, and processed into 1/4-lb patties, which were sealed either aerobically or nitrogen-flushed. Patties were not irradiated or irradiated to 1.5 or 3.0 kGy, chilled, and displayed at 37 ± 4EF for 6 days under 150 foot-candles of Deluxe Warm White …
Antibacterial Effectiveness Of A Second Generation Steam Pasteurization™ System For Beef Carcass Decontamination, A. Truax, S. Sporing, S.A. Rueger, M. Schafer, L.K. Bohra, L. Harris, Randall K. Phebus, Deanna D. Retzlaff
Antibacterial Effectiveness Of A Second Generation Steam Pasteurization™ System For Beef Carcass Decontamination, A. Truax, S. Sporing, S.A. Rueger, M. Schafer, L.K. Bohra, L. Harris, Randall K. Phebus, Deanna D. Retzlaff
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The original commercial Steam Pasteurization ™ System (SPS 400) involved a sealable moving car by which carcass sides were carried through the steam chamber at standard line speeds. A second generation "static chamber" system (SPS 400-SC) eliminates the mechanical moving car and has been installed in a large beef slaughter facility. We collected data to verify SPS 400-SC's effectiveness at chamber temperatures from 185 to 205EF in a batch process mode (only test carcasses passing through the unit at variable intervals to facilitate collection of research samples) and at 190EF with the system running continuously. Tissue samples were obtained from …
Lactic Acid, Hot Water, And Microwave Treatment To Reduce Natural Microflora And Pathogens In Vacuum-Packaged Beef, D.H. Kang, B.A. Crozier-Dodson, G. Jiang, X. Shi, Daniel Y.C. Fung
Lactic Acid, Hot Water, And Microwave Treatment To Reduce Natural Microflora And Pathogens In Vacuum-Packaged Beef, D.H. Kang, B.A. Crozier-Dodson, G. Jiang, X. Shi, Daniel Y.C. Fung
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Combined lactic acid (2%), hot water, and microwave treatments were used to reduce natural microflora and the pathogens Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes in vacuum-packaged beef. Hot water at 158EF followed by vacuum packaging and 5 sec. of microwave were acceptable for microbial reduction. Dipping inoculated meat for 20 sec. into 2% room temperature lactic acid prior to that treatment at 158EF reduced E. coli O157:H7 by 1.05 log CFU/cm2, S. typhimurium by .7 log CFU/cm2, and L. monocytogenes by .85 log CFU/cm2 (CFU is colony forming unit). One log equals a 90% reduction, and 2 log …
Effects Of Post-Bleeding Vascular Infusion Of Cattle With A Solution Of Sugars, Sodium Chloride, And Phosphates Or With Calcium Chloride On Carcass Traits And Meat Palatability, T.E. Dobbels, Melvin C. Hunt, J.J. Schoenbeck, Michael E. Dikeman
Effects Of Post-Bleeding Vascular Infusion Of Cattle With A Solution Of Sugars, Sodium Chloride, And Phosphates Or With Calcium Chloride On Carcass Traits And Meat Palatability, T.E. Dobbels, Melvin C. Hunt, J.J. Schoenbeck, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We evaluated the effects of postexsanguination vascular infusion at 10% of live weight of a solution of sugars, sodium chloride, and phosphates (MPSC) or of calcium chloride on carcass traits and meat palatability. Dressing percentages were 4% higher for carcasses infused with the MPSC and 2.5 % higher for carcasses infused with calcium chloride than for controls. USDA quality grades were not affected by vascular infusion. Infusion with calcium chloride caused undesirable intermuscular fluid accumulation and two-toned color in several muscles. It also caused higher Warner- Bratzler shear values and lower trained sensory panel scores (P<.05). MPSC infusion may offer financial benefits by increasing dressing percent, but it has no other major effects.
Effects Of Post-Bleeding Vascular Infusion Of Cattle With A Solution Of Sugars, Sodium Chloride, And Phosphates With Or Without Vitamin C On Carcass Traits, Warner-Bratzler Shear Forces, And Patalability, E.J. Yancey, T.E. Dobbels, E. Katasanidis, Michael E. Dikeman, Edgar Chambers Iv
Effects Of Post-Bleeding Vascular Infusion Of Cattle With A Solution Of Sugars, Sodium Chloride, And Phosphates With Or Without Vitamin C On Carcass Traits, Warner-Bratzler Shear Forces, And Patalability, E.J. Yancey, T.E. Dobbels, E. Katasanidis, Michael E. Dikeman, Edgar Chambers Iv
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two groups of grain-finished, crossbred Charolais steers were utilized to determine the effects of post-bleeding vascular infusion on dressing percentages, USDA quality and yield grades, Warner-Bratzler shear force values, and flavor. Nine steers from one group of 18 were infused with a solution containing sugars, sodium chloride, and a phosphate blend (MPSC), and the remaining nine steers served as noninfused controls. Nine in the second slaughter group of 18 were MPSC-infused, and nine were infused with the MPSC solution plus 500 ppm vitamin C (MPSC+C). The MPSC cattle had a 2.9% higher mean dressing percentage (P<.05) than control cattle. Vascular infusion had no effect (P>.05) on Warner-Bratzler shear …
Evaluations Of Beef Tenderness By Warner-Bratzler Shear Force, A Descriptive-Texture Profile Sensory Panel, And A Descriptive Attribute Sensory Panel, M.M. Otremba, Edgar Chambers Iv, Michael E. Dikeman, George A. Milliken, Sally L. Stroda, John A. Unruh
Evaluations Of Beef Tenderness By Warner-Bratzler Shear Force, A Descriptive-Texture Profile Sensory Panel, And A Descriptive Attribute Sensory Panel, M.M. Otremba, Edgar Chambers Iv, Michael E. Dikeman, George A. Milliken, Sally L. Stroda, John A. Unruh
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
his study examined interrelationships among Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), evaluation by a highly trained descriptive-texture- profile (DTP) sensory panel, and evaluation by a trained descriptive attribute (DA) sensory panel as affected by muscle fiber orientation of samples. Eighteen longissimus lumborum and 18 semitendinosus muscles from Choice and Select carcasses were cut into 1- inch steaks and cooked to 150EF. Cores were obtained by two methods (parallel to the muscle fiber orientation and perpendicular to the cut steak surface) for WBSF determinations. Cubes ½ x ½ x 1 in. were presented to the DTP and DA sensory panels. Cores taken parallel …
Sources Of Variability In Fed-Cattle Grid Pricing, J.L. Graff, Ted C. Schroeder
Sources Of Variability In Fed-Cattle Grid Pricing, J.L. Graff, Ted C. Schroeder
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Price variability among carcasses increases with a change from live-weight to dressedweight to grid pricing. Grid pricing has the largest price variability, because the price for each carcass is influenced by all of the components of the grid, rather than all cattle selling for the same live or dressed price. Therefore, producers selling on a grid need to have knowledge about the expected carcass merit of their cattle. We used data on 11,703 head of cattle to determine which grid pricing components influence price variability the most and to measure how much price variability increases from grid pricing, relative to …
An Efficiency Analysis Of Cattle Backgrounding Operations In Kansas, L. Gow, Michael R. Langemeier
An Efficiency Analysis Of Cattle Backgrounding Operations In Kansas, L. Gow, Michael R. Langemeier
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
As the structure of the beef industry changes, understanding its efficiency, cost, and profitability relationships is important. This study evaluates the relative efficiency of a sample of Kansas farm backgrounding and backgrounding/finishing operations for 1995- 1997. No commercial feeders were included. On average, backgrounding operations were 71% technically efficient, 68% allocatively efficient, 83% scale efficient, and 39% overall efficient. The results suggest that Kansas backgrounding operations could reduce their cost by 61%, if all farms were producing at the lowest possible cost. On average, backgrounding/finishing operations were 84% technically efficient, 79% allocatively efficient, 90% scale efficient, and 60% overall efficient, …
Vegetative Filters For Improving Environmental Quality, P.K. Kalita, Joseph P. Harner
Vegetative Filters For Improving Environmental Quality, P.K. Kalita, Joseph P. Harner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Nonpoint source pollution from agricultural areas has been recognized as a major contributor of surface and groundwater quality problems. Sediments, pesticide and nutrient runoffs, and microbial pathogens from farmlands may severely affect quality of water resources. A majority of Kansas river basins contains high concentrations of fecal coliforms, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediments. The use of vegetative filters strips (VFS) has been identified as one of the best management practices to reduce pollutant concentrations in surface water sources. Vegetation planted between pollutant sources and receiving water accomplishes this by filtration, deposition, infiltration, adsorption, volatilization, plant uptake, and decomposition processes. The effectiveness …
Genetic Associations Of Growth And Lactation Curve Components In Polled Hereford Cattle, J.B. Jr. Glaze, R.R. Schalles
Genetic Associations Of Growth And Lactation Curve Components In Polled Hereford Cattle, J.B. Jr. Glaze, R.R. Schalles
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Weight and milk production records of Polled Hereford cows born from 1967 to 1979 were used to fit growth and lactation curves. A multiple-trait, derivative-free, restricted maximum likelihood (MTDFREML) procedure, utilizing a full animal model, was used to estimate variances and covariances for the components of the growth and lactation curves. For the growth curve, W=A+B(1-e-kt) components A, B, and k each had moderate to high heritabilities ranging from .35 to .72. The genetic correlation between growth curve components A and B was positive (.42), whereas the genetic correlations between A and K (-.34) and between B and K (-.74) …
Selection Response For Feed Conversion And Growth Traits In Polled Hereford Cattle, J.B. Jr. Glaze, R.R. Schalles
Selection Response For Feed Conversion And Growth Traits In Polled Hereford Cattle, J.B. Jr. Glaze, R.R. Schalles
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Direct and correlated responses to selection for improved feed conversion were estimated from performance records of 1459 Polled Hereford cattle born from the spring of 1967 through the spring of 1979. Data were analyzed using a multiple-trait, derivative-free, restricted maximum likelihood (MTDFREML) procedure. A full animal model was used to calculate genetic and phenotypic (co)variances. The withinherd breeding values that resulted from the solution of the mixed model equations were regressed on year to create selection response curves. Feed conversion was shown to respond favorably to direct selection, with feed/gain changing -.005 per year.
Effects Of Virginiamycin Or Monensin Plus Tylosin On Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics In Steers Fed Dry-Rolled Corn With Or Without Wet Corn Gluten Feed, S.E. Ives, A. Del Barrio, D.J. Bindel, Evan C. Titgemeyer, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Effects Of Virginiamycin Or Monensin Plus Tylosin On Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics In Steers Fed Dry-Rolled Corn With Or Without Wet Corn Gluten Feed, S.E. Ives, A. Del Barrio, D.J. Bindel, Evan C. Titgemeyer, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A study was conducted to evaluate effects of virginiamycin and monensin plus tylosin on ruminal fermentation characteristics in steers fed dry rolled corn-based finishing diets with or without wet corn gluten feed. Ruminal pH was higher, concentrations of volatile fatty acids were lower, and ciliated protozoal numbers were higher in steers fed diets with wet corn gluten feed. Including virginiamycin or monensin plus tylosin had few effects on the ruminal fermentation characteristics we measured. Including wet corn gluten feed appeared to stabilize the ruminal fermentation.
The Effect Of Decreasing Sorghum Amylose Content On Steam-Flaking Production Characteristics, J.R. Froetschner, Joe D. Hancock, Keith C. Behnke, Leland J. Mckinney
The Effect Of Decreasing Sorghum Amylose Content On Steam-Flaking Production Characteristics, J.R. Froetschner, Joe D. Hancock, Keith C. Behnke, Leland J. Mckinney
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This experiment demonstrated no advantage in using a waxy sorghum over a conventional sorghum for steam flaking. Even though the waxy variety had a slight increase in in-vitro gas production after flaking, the benefit was outweighed by the significant increase in energy requirement and significant decrease in production rate during processing.
Effects Of Supplemental Carnitine On Nitrogen Balance And Blood Metabolites Of Growing Beef Steers Fed A High-Protein, Corn-Based Diet, R.H. Greenwood, Gerald L. Stokka, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Effects Of Supplemental Carnitine On Nitrogen Balance And Blood Metabolites Of Growing Beef Steers Fed A High-Protein, Corn-Based Diet, R.H. Greenwood, Gerald L. Stokka, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Seven Angus-cross steers (475 lbs initial body weight) were used in a 7 x 4 incomplete Latin square experiment to evaluate the effects of supplemental L-carnitine on nitrogen balance and blood metabolites. Steers were fed the same high-protein, corn-based diet near ad libitum intake. Treatments were control and .25, .5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0 grams/day of supplemental carnitine. Experimental periods were 18 days with 13 days for adaptation and 5 days for collection of feces and urine. Blood was collected at feeding and 3 and 6 hours after feeding on day 18 of each period. Supplementing steers with carnitine …
Implant Quality Assurance: Detection Of Abscessed Implants And Their Effect On Feedlot Performance Of Beef Heifers, M.F. Spire, J.M. Sargeant, Dale A. Blasi, James S. Drouillard
Implant Quality Assurance: Detection Of Abscessed Implants And Their Effect On Feedlot Performance Of Beef Heifers, M.F. Spire, J.M. Sargeant, Dale A. Blasi, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Infrared thermography (IRT) can be used successfully to differentiate abscessed implanted ears from nonimplanted ears 8 days postimplanting. Abscessed ears averaged 5.7EF warmer than nonimplanted ears when ambient temperature was 60 to 63EF. Average daily gain and feed efficiency were reduced 8.9% and 8.3%, respectively, over the 91-day feeding period for cattle with abscessed implants compared to cattle with normal implants. Dry matter intake was not affected by an abscessed implant and averaged nearly 18.0 lb/head/day for both treatment groups. Abscessed implants reduced economic return by $17.70 per head.
Effect Of Ruminal Versus Postruminal Administration Of Degradable Protein On Utilization Of Low-Quality Forage By Beef Steers, C.A. Bandyk, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Wickersham, C.G. Farmer, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Effect Of Ruminal Versus Postruminal Administration Of Degradable Protein On Utilization Of Low-Quality Forage By Beef Steers, C.A. Bandyk, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Wickersham, C.G. Farmer, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Twelve ruminally fistulated steers were used to evaluate the effects of supplying a highly degradable protein source (casein) both ruminally and postruminally on intake and digestibility of low-quality native hay. Both protein supplementations substantially increased voluntary intake, organic matter digestion, rate of passage, ruminal ammonia, and blood urea concentrations, but intakes were considerably greater when protein was given ruminally as opposed to postruminally.
Effect Of Date Of Harvest On The Yield And Nutritional Quality Of Native Grass Hay, J.C. Baker, S.R. Tonn, S.I. Paisley, David E. Kehler, Dale A. Blasi
Effect Of Date Of Harvest On The Yield And Nutritional Quality Of Native Grass Hay, J.C. Baker, S.R. Tonn, S.I. Paisley, David E. Kehler, Dale A. Blasi
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Native grass hay meadows in three Kansas Flint Hills counties were sampled at 2-week intervals during the 1997 and 1998 growing seasons to determine the effect of harvest date on forage quality and dry matter (DM) yield. Each sample was weighed and analyzed for crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and phosphorus (PHOS). The CP and PHOS contents declined, whereas ADF and DM yield increased as harvest date progressed. Although CP, ADF and DM yield were related highly to harvest date, the association for PHOS content was only moderate. Because harvest date of native grass hay can significantly influence …
Effects Of Half- Vs Three-Quarter-Season Grazing Of Native Grass Pastures, F.K. Brazle, Gary L. Kilgore, M.R. Fausett
Effects Of Half- Vs Three-Quarter-Season Grazing Of Native Grass Pastures, F.K. Brazle, Gary L. Kilgore, M.R. Fausett
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Mixed-breed steers (563 lbs) grazed burned, native-grass pastures (1990 to 1998). Steers were allotted randomly to graze native grass pastures for either 1/2 season (1/2) from April to July 15 (81 days, at 1 steer to 2 acres) or for 3/4 season (3/4) from April to August 15 (112 days, at 1 steer per 3 acres). The grass composition was measured in the first, fourth, and eighth years of the study. The economics of steers grazing the two systems were determined by calf and feeder cattle prices at Dodge City adjusted to southeast Kansas. The steers grazing 1/2 gained more …
Comparison Of Morbidity And Performance Among Stressed Feeder Calves Following Vaccination With Pyramid™ Mlv 4 Or Pyramid™ 4+Presponse® Sq, S. Ives, James S. Drouillard, David E. Anderson, Gerald L. Stokka, Gerry L. Kuhl
Comparison Of Morbidity And Performance Among Stressed Feeder Calves Following Vaccination With Pyramid™ Mlv 4 Or Pyramid™ 4+Presponse® Sq, S. Ives, James S. Drouillard, David E. Anderson, Gerald L. Stokka, Gerry L. Kuhl
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A study was conducted to compare performance, morbidity, retreatment percent, and mortality in stressed heifer calves during the receiving and growing phases after receiving either Pyramid™ MLV 4 or Pyramid™ 4+Presponse® SQ on arrival at a feedlot research facility. Vaccination with Pyramid 4+Presponse SQ (a 4-way viral modified live vaccine with a Pasteurella haemolytica bacterin-toxoid) tended to reduce the incidence of bovine respiratory disease (P=.2) and reduced retreatment rate (P<.06).
Inhibition Of Heterocyclic Amine Formation In Ground Beef, B.G. Abdulkarim, J. Scott Smith
Inhibition Of Heterocyclic Amine Formation In Ground Beef, B.G. Abdulkarim, J. Scott Smith
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
he natural antioxidant carnosine, moisture retention by covered cooking, and low temperature cooking were evaluated as ways to inhibit heterocyclic amine (HCA) formation in fried ground beef. Samples were fried at 375EF for 5 min/side, 300EF for 5 min/side, or 250EF for 8 min/side, with surface browning enhanced by applying a caramel solution (Maillose®) near the end of cooking times. Analysis for HCAs was performed on both the crust and the whole patties. Carnosine reduced 4,8-DiMelQx, a major HCA, to below its detection limit (.31 ng/g). HCAs were reduced when the cooking temperature was lowered from 375 to 300 or …
Fixed-Time Insemination Of Suckled Beef Cows. 1. Select Synch, Cosynch, And Their Combination, K. E. Thompson, G.C. Lamb, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, David M. Grieger
Fixed-Time Insemination Of Suckled Beef Cows. 1. Select Synch, Cosynch, And Their Combination, K. E. Thompson, G.C. Lamb, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, David M. Grieger
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
As in our previous studies, the GnRH + PGF2" treatment was very effective in inducing a fertile estrus and(or) ovulation. Ovulations induced in response to the first GnRH injection averaged 48% in three herds and ranged from 44 to 56%. The proportion of 536 cows that were cycling at the beginning of the breeding season averaged 48% and ranged from 35 to 59%. Conception rate was greater in Select Synch cows (those inseminated after detected estrus) than in cows in other breeding treatments. Pregnancy rates tended to be greater in Select Synch cows than in cows of other treatments. A …
Effects Of Cooked Molasses Blocks On Intake And Digestion By Steers Fed Brome Hay With Or Without Alfalfa, J.W. Ringler, R.H. Greenwood, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard
Effects Of Cooked Molasses Blocks On Intake And Digestion By Steers Fed Brome Hay With Or Without Alfalfa, J.W. Ringler, R.H. Greenwood, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This study was conducted to determine how cattle fed medium to high quality forages respond to supplementation with cooked molasses blocks. Responses to blocks were measured for steers fed each of three different hays ad libitum: 1) brome containing 8.4% CP and 72% NDF, 2) alfalfa containing 19.2% CP and 52% NDF, and 3) brome fed ad lib and supplemented daily with 5 lb/day of the alfalfa (MIX). Eighteen steers (622 lb) were used for two periods. Six steers received each of the forages, and each steer was supplemented with the block in only one of the two periods. Blocks …
Sarcina Ventriculi As The Potential Cause Of Abomasal Bloat, T.J. Schemm, B.M. Debey, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Sarcina Ventriculi As The Potential Cause Of Abomasal Bloat, T.J. Schemm, B.M. Debey, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Sarcina-like bacteria, possibly Sarcina ventriculi, have been seen upon histopathologic examination of the abomasums of calves that died of abomasal bloat. The ability of the organism to grow at a low pH and produce large amounts of gas suggests that it may be the cause of abomasal bloat.
Use Of Linear Measurements In A Regression Equation To Predict Ribeye Area, A.T. Waylan, R.E. Campbell, John A. Unruh
Use Of Linear Measurements In A Regression Equation To Predict Ribeye Area, A.T. Waylan, R.E. Campbell, John A. Unruh
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Thirty beef carcasses were used to test the accuracy of three regression equations to predict ribeye area (REA) and to compare several strategies to rapidly estimate REAs. Linear measurements, USDA grids, and Video Image Analysis (VIA) were used to determine REA from both right and left carcass sides. Ribeye areas measured by USDA grids and estimated by regression equations were highly correlated (r>.94) with REA measured by VIA. Regression equations using linear measurements and USDA grids were equally (P=.73) accurate in predicting VIA REA. Furthermore, REA from either the left or the larger (right or left) carcass sides accurately …
Evaluation Of Springtime Deworming Strategies For Beef Cow/Calf Pairs, M.L. Pfeifer, J.C. Baker, J.T. Seeger, Dale A. Blasi, Glenn E. Newdigger Jr.
Evaluation Of Springtime Deworming Strategies For Beef Cow/Calf Pairs, M.L. Pfeifer, J.C. Baker, J.T. Seeger, Dale A. Blasi, Glenn E. Newdigger Jr.
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A field study was conducted at three different locations in south central Kansas to determine the effects of Dectomax® (DECTO) or Ivomec PO® (IVO) compared to no treatment (CONT) on the liveweight gain and reproductive performance of beef cow/calf pairs. Across all three locations, no differences occurred among treatments in cow and calf live weight gain, cow body condition, pregnancy rate, or age of fetus (P>.05). Low egg counts suggest that the parasite load was too low for a response to parasite control.
Evaluating Corn And Corn Gluten Feed In Growing Cattle Diets As A Replacement For Roughage, N.G. Whitham, C.M. Coetzer, R.D. Hunter, James S. Drouillard, Dale A. Blasi, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Evaluating Corn And Corn Gluten Feed In Growing Cattle Diets As A Replacement For Roughage, N.G. Whitham, C.M. Coetzer, R.D. Hunter, James S. Drouillard, Dale A. Blasi, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A 99-day study was conducted to evaluate growth performance of 216 beef heifers (average 524 lb) fed traditional roughage-based diets at 2.75% of body weight or limit-fed highconcentrate diets containing corn or corn gluten feed fed at 2.0% of body weight. Dietary treatments included roughage plus corn, roughage plus corn gluten feed, limit-fed corn, limitfed corn with added Smartamine®-ML (providing 10 g/day ruminally protected lysine), limitfed corn gluten feed, and limit-fed corn gluten feed with added Smartamine. Adding Smartamine-ML to the diet did not improve performance significantly compared to unsupplemented groups (P>.30). Limit-fed diets containing corn and corn gluten …
Role Of Methionine As A Methyl Group Donor In Cattle, C.A. Löest, R.H. Greenwood, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Role Of Methionine As A Methyl Group Donor In Cattle, C.A. Löest, R.H. Greenwood, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Holstein steers were used in two 5 x 5 Latin square experiments to evaluate the sparing of methionine by alternative sources of methyl groups (betaine or choline). Steers were housed in metabolism crates and limit fed a diet high in rumen degradable protein. To increase energy supply, volatile fatty acids were infused into the rumens, and glucose was infused into the abomasum. An amino acid mixture, limiting in methionine, was infused abomasally to ensure that non-sulfur amino acids did not limit protein synthesis. Treatments for Exp. 1 were abomasal infusion of 1) water (control), 2) 2 g/day additional L-methionine, 3) …
Impacts Of Wheat Milling By-Products In Supplements On The Intake And Digestion Of Steers Consuming Low-Quality Forage, C.G. Farmer, R.C. Cochran, D.D. Simms, J.S. Heldt, C.P. Mathis
Impacts Of Wheat Milling By-Products In Supplements On The Intake And Digestion Of Steers Consuming Low-Quality Forage, C.G. Farmer, R.C. Cochran, D.D. Simms, J.S. Heldt, C.P. Mathis
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Sixteen ruminally fistulated steers were used to evaluate the effects of feeding supplements containing combinations of two wheat-milling by-products on forage intake, digestibility, and ruminal characteristics. The by-products accounted for 47 to 49% of each supplement and were as follows: 1) 100% wheat bran; 2) 67% wheat bran, 33% second clears; and 3) 33% wheat bran, 67% second clears. All supplements contained about 30% CP. Compared with unsupplemented controls, forage intake and digestibility were significantly higher for supplemented steers. However, no differences occurred among by-product treatments. In conclusion, if the protein content is adequate, the choice of bran (high digestible …
Nutritional Evaluation Of Corn And Sorghum Crop Residues, R.K. Taylor, Gary L. Kilgore, James J. Higgins, Dale A. Blasi, Stewart R. Duncan
Nutritional Evaluation Of Corn And Sorghum Crop Residues, R.K. Taylor, Gary L. Kilgore, James J. Higgins, Dale A. Blasi, Stewart R. Duncan
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Crop residue samples from 22 grazed and nongrazed corn and sorghum residue fields across Kansas were collected every 2 weeks during the 1997/98 winter feeding season to evaluate quality and yield. Corn residue averaged about 2 ½ tons of total dry matter (DM)/acre, with the leaf fraction (attached and unattached) constituting about 60% of that residue. Unattached leaves represented 85% of the total leaf DM. Yield estimates for sorghum residue averaged over 2 tons/ acre. The stem component represented 55 to 60% of the total DM collected, and about 58% of the leaves remained attached to the stem.
Effects Of Starting Weight, Body Condition, And Age On Gain Of Cattle Grazing Native Grass, F.K. Brazle, James J. Higgins
Effects Of Starting Weight, Body Condition, And Age On Gain Of Cattle Grazing Native Grass, F.K. Brazle, James J. Higgins
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
In 29 trials over 10 years, 6,614 head of cattle (heifers - 11 trials, 2,862 hd; steers - 18 trials, 3,752 hd) were used to determine the effect of starting weight on gain while grazing burned, native-grass pastures. The heifers grazed for an average of 81 days (70 to 93) and steers for an average of 86 days (75 to 99) from April to July. Stocking rate was one animal per 2 acres. The cattle were sorted by starting weight into groups as follows: below 399 lb, 400 to 499 lb, 500 to 599 lb, 600 to 699 lb, and …