Life Sciences Commons^™

Long Term Observation Of The Grassland Vegetation Used Intensively Or Extensively And Ecologically, H.-D. Matthes, J. Matthes, W. Jentsch, V. Pastushenko

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The aim of the present paper was to study alterations of the grassland flora from 55 plots following a more extensive management under long term observation within 6 years. Extensification of grassland use leads to an increase of the numbers of plant species by 32%, “Red-list-species” included. The moisture number of the soils slightly increased and the reaction and nitrogen numbers decreased. Results are presented for different vegetation units.

Elevated Co2 Enhances Productivity And The C/N Ratio Of Grasses In The Colorado Shortgrass Steppe, J. A. Morgan, A. R. Mosier, D. R. Lecain, W. J. Parton, D. G. Milchunas

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Atmospheric CO₂ concentrations have been increasing since the industrial revolution, and are projected to double within this century over today's concentration of 360 µmol mol^-1 . This study used six open-top chambers in the Colorado, USA shortgrass steppe to investigate how increasing CO₂ will affect productivity and C and N status of indigenous perennial grasses and forbs. From March until October, chambers were placed on two plots in each of the three blocks. In each block, one chamber was assigned an ambient CO₂ treatment (~360 µmol mol^-1), the other an elevated CO₂ treatment …

Determining Pasture Biodiversity With Nirs, K. J. Moore, D. J. Barker

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Research was conducted to assess the potential of using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to determine botanical composition and measures of species diversity in pasture samples. Samples were collected from six hill country (Ballantrae) and two lowland (Aorangi) pastures in New Zealand. Samples were collected in summer (March) and Autumn (May) and subsamples were dissected to determine botanical composition and species diversity. Measures of diversity included species richness, Shannon’s index, and Simpson’s index. Reflectance data were collected from a second subsample that had been dried and finely ground. Calibrations were developed using modified partial least squares. Acceptable calibration equations were …

Study Of The Diversity Of Soil Animals Community In The Songnen Plain Grassland Of China, Xiuqin Yin, Tingcheng Zhu

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

This paper dealt with the diversity in eight habitat soil animals communities in Songnen plain grassland. The results showed the better habitat condition the higher diversity index of soil animals, and vice-versa. The diversity of soil animals communities correlated positively with soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and negatively with soil pH; there was a poor correlation with soil water content and total soil phosphorus. The diversity of soil animals communities decreased with increasing depth of soil layer and has surface-collection.

Semiarid Grassland And Winter Cereals For Lamb Production In Northeast Patagonia, Argentina, D. P. Miñón, G. G. Durañona, J. C. García Vinent, H. D. Giorgetti, G. D. Rodríguez

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

In northeastern Patagonia where grain crops often led to harvest failure, low yields and a high drought risk, a lamb production system was established. On a 10 years old agriculture wheat cropping was interrupted in 1996, allowing re-vegetation through exclusion of grazing. Natural grassland recovered, prevailing the species Stipa tenuis, Piptochaetium napostaense, Stipa ambigua. Part of the plot was sown to wheat grass (Thinopyrum ponticum). In 1999, to improve sheep feeding, oat (Avena sativa) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) were sown for grazing during winter-spring season. In this system Corriedale sheep, Texel x australian …

Role Of White Clover In The Improvement Of Economical Efficiency Of Feeds From Grasslands, P. Goliñski

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The aim of the research was to analyse the role played by white clover in the improvement of economical efficiency of feeds obtained from permanent grasslands. The influence of the proportion of white clover in the pasture sward on unit production costs of yield, energy and crude protein and the profit threshold in milk production was analysed taking into account three white clover cultivars, nitrogen fertilisation, irrigation and overdrilling. The investigation procedures employed the author’s own calculation models elaborated in optimisation programs based on production conditions found in dairy farms in the region of Wielkopolska. It was proved that the …

Sustainable Management Of Grassland In A Changing Social-Ecological System: A Case Study In China, Ping Li, Rong Zhi

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Modelling The Long-Term Impact On Herder Incomes And Environmental Services In An Uncertain World, K. Behrendt, David R. Kemp, G. Udval, G. Jargalsaihan, Guodong Han, Zhiguo Li, P. Li, D. Lkhagvaa

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Environmental, market and political influences affect herders’ livelihoods with the expectation that they maintain biologically and economically resilient systems. To balance these external influences and the trade-offs within a grassland system it involves the consideration of interactions between grassland ecology, technology use, environmental externalities, utilisation by grazing animals for food and fibre production, and the long-term profitability of the farming system. Many of these variables are slow-moving and are trade-offs are most efficiently studied with models. The StageTHREE Sustainable Grasslands Model, which utilizes the core functions and dynamics of more mechanistic tools, has been designed to minimize the skill and …

Restoring Value To Grassland Initiative: To Maintain The Environmental And Economic Value Of Grasslands And To Promote Their Social And Cultural Functions, Liz Wedderburn, Alexandre Ickowicz, Rogerio M. Mauricio, M. Quiroga Mendiola, M. Blanchard, Le Thi Thanh Huyen, B. Hubert, J. Lasseur, V. Blanfort, J.-P. Müller

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The Global Agenda for Sustainable Livestock (GASL), a multi-stakeholder partnership started in 2013 includes nine action networks (ANs). The networks are the working engine of GASL and are tasked with implementing activities, reports, providing evidence, guidelines and information on good practices demonstrated by the livestock sector. This paper outlines the activities of the network AN2 “Restoring Value to Grassland”, the purpose of which is to “maintain, restore and enhance environmental and economic value of grasslands, while promoting their social and cultural functions globally”. Since 2014, AN2 workshops have been held annually with scientists and stakeholders from rangeland/grassland biomes in Latin …

Modelling Catchment-Scale Evapotranspiration And Net Primary Production In Sub-Humid African Grasslands: Towards Understanding Carbon And Water Trade-Offs In Communal Rangelands, A. R. Palmer, Z. Munch, L. Vermeulen

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Being able to confidently predict net primary production within intensively used rangeland systems has become the goal of many rangeland scientists. The communally-managed rangelands of Africa, with their very high livestock numbers, represent such a challenge, as above-ground biomass is most often depleted before it has had chance to accumulate. In order to provide more accurate estimates of NPP for these rangelands, we explored the use of direct measurements of canopy cover, standing biomass and leaf area index, against standard vegetation indices from the Sentinel 2 sensors. Following intensive field surveys, we developed regression models of the relationships between Sentinel …

Indian Forage Scenario – Region Wise Availability And Deficit, A. K. Roy, Rajiv K. Agrawal, N. R. Bhardwaj, Asim Kumar Misra, S. K. Mahanta

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

In India, rapid urbanisation, changing food habit and higher purchasing power have increased the demand for animal based food products.Proper feeding strategies using green nutritious fodderis key to increase livestock production and productivity in economical and sustainable way.Three major sources of fodder are crop residues, cultivated fodder from arable land (irrigated and rainfed) and fodder from common property resources like forests, permanent pastures, grazing lands, cultivated wasteland, fallow lands etc.

Based on the livestock census, we estimated the green and dry fodder availability vis-a-vis demand and emerging deficit/surplus situation. The state wise livestock population for Cattle, Buffaloes, Goat, Sheep, Yak …

Structure And Function Vegetation Conditions By Grazing Processes In A Humid Pampean Grassland (Argentina), O. E. Ansín, Estrella M. Oyhamburu, E. A. Hoffmann, M. A. Eirin

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Expressed changes were evaluated as consequence of the cattle grazing, or their exclusion, in the structure of plant communities of the Flooding Pampa. We center our interest in the species numbers, plant cover, species diversity and forage availability. The treatments were: a) continuous grazing, b) enclosure grazing and c) controlled grazing. The enclosure grazing area was installed two years before starting the measurements. In the continuous grazing St. Augustine grass (Stenotaphrum secundatum Walt.) holds its initial cover of 64 % and dallis grass (Paspalum dilatatum Poir.) the 15 %. In the enclosure grazing S. secundatum decreased its cover …

Micronutrients In Grassland Production, U. C. Gupta, F. A. Monteiro, J. C. Werner

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Micronutrients, also known as trace minerals, which chiefly include boron (B), molybdenum (Mo), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe), are required in extremely small quantities by crops and livestock. Their name, however, is not meant to imply their role is minor. Their lack, e.g., can cause serious crop production problems in forages and health disorders in livestock. This presentation includes the response of forage legumes and grasses to micronutrients, their deficiency and sufficiency levels in forages and their sufficiency levels in livestock. Forage legumes are more responsive to micronutrients, particularly B and Mo, than grasses. There are …

Institutional Innovations Of The Grassland Household‐Contract‐Responsibility System: A Study Of The Household‐Allied Operation System Of Xilinguole League, Inner Mongolia, Guanghua Qiao, Zhihua Xiao, Yanli Tian, Haichun Wang, Kaiguang Huang

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Energetic Potential Of Co‐Fermented Substrate Of Plant And Animal Biomass, Lubomir Gonda

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Too Many People, Too Many Animals For Too Little Grass-‐A Canadian Perspective, G. Luciuk, M. Boyle, G. Brown, B. Kirychuk, B. Sonntag

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Biodiversity Of Plants And Animals In Grassland Systems: Approaches To Conservation And Restoration In England, S. Peel, S. P. Chaplin

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Inheriting And Advancing The Essence Of Nomadic Culture, And Searching For A New Course Of Harmonious Development On The Grassland, Zhongling Liu, Cunzhu Liang, Lixing Wang, Dunyuan Hao, Huaming Liu

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Experimental Research On The Grassland Rodent Control By A Way Of Training The Vulpes Fulva Return To A Wild State, Kechang Li, Xiaolin Gu, Weijun Li, Xiuyun Ji, Zhao'e Yu

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Study On Living‐Suitable Index And Spatial Distribution Of Grasshopper, Liyan Shan, Yongping Dong

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Variation Of Plant Diversity And Feeding Value In Gurbantunggut Desert Grassland, Y. B. Qian, Z. N. Wu, L. Y. Zhang, H. Y. Zhang

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Direct Sowing Into Sward Of Permanent Grassland On Forage Production, P. Komárek, A. Kohoutek, P. Nerušil, V. Odstrčilová

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Study On Alkane Patterns Of Grassland Species From The Patagonian Steppe, A. Cesa, M. L. Bakker, C. B. Marinelli, R. E. Cepeda

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

A Successful Approach To Integrating Wildlife Management Into Grassland And Rangeland Conservation In The United States, L. Peter Heard, Terrell Erickson, Wendell Gilgert, Dennis Thompson

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Soil Type And Management On Botanical Composition Of The Sward, S. Alibegovic‐Grbic, M. Bezdrob, H. Custovic

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Discussion The Signification Of Chinese Grassland Reclamation Reasons In The Historical Period, Miao Yang

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.