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Articles 31 - 60 of 1862
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Matching Calving Date With Forage Nutrients: Production And Economic Impacts, Richard T. Clark, Don C. Adams, Gregory P. Lardy, Terry J. Klopfenstein
Matching Calving Date With Forage Nutrients: Production And Economic Impacts, Richard T. Clark, Don C. Adams, Gregory P. Lardy, Terry J. Klopfenstein
Range Beef Cow Symposium
Reducing costs while maintaining production is one way to improve the economic performance of a cow-calf operation. In large parts of the beef cattle production area, feed cost is a major factor in determining overall economic efficiency. Harvested forages and purchased feed make up the majority of the total feed cost. A major goal of our work has been to research cow-calf production systems that improve the economic and overall sustainability of the cow-calf operation. Given that feed costs are such an important component of most cow-calf operations we have focused our research on ways to reduce those costs without …
Market Outlook, Mike Miller
Market Outlook, Mike Miller
Range Beef Cow Symposium
Content:
Total Cattle Inventory
Heifers as % of Total Feedlot Placements
Cow Slaughter
Total Cow Numbers
Feeder Cattle and Calf Supply
Steer and Heifer Slaughter
Beef Production
What Will the 1997 Corn Market Look Like?
1997 Corn Production and Price Situation
Seasonal Fed Cattle Price
Seasonal 750-lb Feeder Steer Price
Average Cow/Calf Profit (Loss)
Cow/Calf Producer Profitability
US Average Choice Fed Steer Price, 1970-1997
Cattle Prices
The Cattle Cycle
Profit Trends by Industry Segment During the Four Phases of the Cattle Cycle
1997 Outlook
1998 Outlook
1999 Outlook
2000 Outlook
Future Of The Beef Industry, Wayne D. Purcell
Future Of The Beef Industry, Wayne D. Purcell
Range Beef Cow Symposium
Where we have been and where we are today will largely dictate what the future will look like. The loss of market share has been widely chronicled, but it needs to be reviewed again in the context of establishing the current situation. This fact-based downsizing of the industry demands that we ask why it has occurred. There is discussion on both sides of the issue, but again, good science and the facts suggest much of the long-run problem has been on the demand side. The cycle is complete, then, when we ask why we have demand problems. If we can …
Introduction To The Symposium On Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status And Management Issues In The Midwest, Stephen J. Lewis, D.V. (Chip) Weseloh
Introduction To The Symposium On Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status And Management Issues In The Midwest, Stephen J. Lewis, D.V. (Chip) Weseloh
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
Populations of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) have increased dramatically in the last 2 decades, particularly in the Great Lakes and the Southeastern United States. Their food habits and propensity for killing the trees in which they nest and roost have made cormorants the subject of much controversy. Cormorants affect—or are perceived to affect—sport fishing, aquaculture operations, vegetation, and other colonial waterbirds. Anglers, aquaculturists, resort operators, lakehome owners, politicians, and others are calling for a solution to these problems. This symposium was convened to provide information that will help conservation agencies and others make sound resource management decisions about …
The Problems Of Being Successful: Managing Interactions Between Humans And Double-Crested Cormorants, Douglas Siegel-Causey
The Problems Of Being Successful: Managing Interactions Between Humans And Double-Crested Cormorants, Douglas Siegel-Causey
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
The natural history, behavior, and ecology of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) predispose this species for conflict with human sport and commercial fisheries. Cormorants breed early in life, have large broods, are efficient predators even in marginal conditions, seem to be able to adjust colony sizes quickly in response to local conditions, and have limited requirements for feeding and nesting habitats. A survey of the past history of successes and failures in managing cormorants reveals that economic impact is greatest with aquaculture and least in sport fisheries. Research during the past 5 years suggests that some control methods like …
Impact Of Double-Crested Cormorant Predation On The Yellow Perch Population In The Les Cheneaux Islands Of Michigan, Glenn Y. Belyea, Susan L. Maruca, James S. Diana, Philip J. Schneeberger, Steve J. Scott, Richard D. Clark Jr., James P. Ludwig, Cheryl L. Summer
Impact Of Double-Crested Cormorant Predation On The Yellow Perch Population In The Les Cheneaux Islands Of Michigan, Glenn Y. Belyea, Susan L. Maruca, James S. Diana, Philip J. Schneeberger, Steve J. Scott, Richard D. Clark Jr., James P. Ludwig, Cheryl L. Summer
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
The Michigan Department of Natural Resources, in conjunction with the University of Michigan and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, initiated a research study to determine the impact of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) on the yellow perch (Perca flavescens) population in the Les Cheneaux Islands area of northern Lake Huron. Aerial and nesting colony counts were conducted to monitor cormorant abundance. Creel census counts and tagging of 8,400 perch were used to study perch abundance. We collected 373 cormorants to study food habits via stomach-content analysis. We found that (1) cormorants fed heavily on yellow perch …
Double-Crested Cormorant Culling In The St. Lawrence River Estuary: Results Of A 5-Year Program, J. Bedard, A. Nadeau, M. Lepage
Double-Crested Cormorant Culling In The St. Lawrence River Estuary: Results Of A 5-Year Program, J. Bedard, A. Nadeau, M. Lepage
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
Modeling indicated that lowering the doublecrested cormorant population from 17,361 to 10,000 pairs could be attained only by a combination of techniques: culling breeding birds in arboreal colonies to lower breeding stock and egg spraying in accessible ground nests to lower recruitment. The 5-year program was launched in 1989; culling was halted 4 years later because the population had fallen below the threshold of 10,000 breeding pairs. A greater vulnerability of males to shooting (203:100) probably accounted for the faster-than-predicted drop in numbers. Egg spraying spanned the entire 5-year period, during which 25,095 nests were treated with inert mineral oil. …
Ets-Core Binding Factor: A Common Composite Motif In Antigen Receptor Gene Enhancers, Batu Erman, Marta Cortes, Barbara S. Nikolajczyk, Nancy A. Speck, Ranjan Sen
Ets-Core Binding Factor: A Common Composite Motif In Antigen Receptor Gene Enhancers, Batu Erman, Marta Cortes, Barbara S. Nikolajczyk, Nancy A. Speck, Ranjan Sen
Dartmouth Scholarship
A tripartite domain of the murine immunoglobulin μ heavy-chain enhancer contains the μA and μB elements that bind ETS proteins and the μE3 element that binds leucine zipper-containing basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH-zip) factors. Analysis of the corresponding region of the human μ enhancer revealed high conservation of the μA and μB motifs but a striking absence of the μE3 element. Instead of bHLH-zip proteins, we found that the human enhancer bound core binding factor (CBF) between the μA and μB elements; CBF binding was shown to be a common feature of both murine and human enhancers. Furthermore, mutant enhancers that bound …
Silica Gel: An Experiment In Surface Area, Scott Vermullen
Silica Gel: An Experiment In Surface Area, Scott Vermullen
Paper Engineering Senior Theses
Within the paper industry today, there are advancements in technology every year, every month, most likely every day as well. These new technologies work to obtain the same major goals. These goals include faster machine speeds for improved output. They-include less, pollution, and in fact are working towards a pollutant free system. And finally, product quality for today's high demanding consumer market.
To realize these goals, paper makers must effectively utilize the most amount of fiber and filler possible in their sheet. That is, they must bind up fines and filler within the sheet rather than sending it to the …
Front Matter And Contents
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
Nesting Populations Of Double-Crested Cormorants In The United States And Canada, Laura A. Tyson, Jerrold L. Belant, Francesca J. Cuthbert, D.V. (Chip) Weseloh
Nesting Populations Of Double-Crested Cormorants In The United States And Canada, Laura A. Tyson, Jerrold L. Belant, Francesca J. Cuthbert, D.V. (Chip) Weseloh
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
Double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) are receiving increasing attention in North America because of depredations at aquaculture facilities and alleged impacts on sport and commercial fisheries. We obtained recent (most since 1994) estimates for the number of nesting double-crested cormorants in the United States and Canada from published references and by conducting telephone interviews with State and Provincial biologists. Using published data, we also determined annual rates of change in the number of cormorants since about 1990. The estimated minimum number of nesting pairs (colonies) of double-crested cormorants was 372,000 (852). Most cormorants nested in the Interior region (68 …
Changes In The Status, Distribution, And Management Of Double-Crested Cormorants In Wisconsin, Summer W. Matteson, Paul W. Rasmussen, Kenneth L. Stromborg, Thomas I. Meier, Julie Van Stappen, Eric C. Nelson
Changes In The Status, Distribution, And Management Of Double-Crested Cormorants In Wisconsin, Summer W. Matteson, Paul W. Rasmussen, Kenneth L. Stromborg, Thomas I. Meier, Julie Van Stappen, Eric C. Nelson
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
We reviewed and summarized historical data and conducted population surveys from 1973 through 1997 to determine the breeding status and distribution of doublecrested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) in Wisconsin. Breeding cormorants historically occupied large, isolated lakes and wetlands in northern Wisconsin, but there were no known nesting sites until 1919, when cormorants were reported nesting on Lake Wisconsin in south-central Wisconsin. From the 1920’s to the 1950’s, cormorants occupied 17 colony sites in 16 counties, though no more than 7 sites were occupied during any particular year. From the 1950’s to the early 1970’s, the number of cormorant nests …
Diet Of The Double-Crested Cormorant In Western Lake Erie, Michael T. Bur, Sandra L. Tinnirello, Charles D. Lovell, Jeff T. Tyson
Diet Of The Double-Crested Cormorant In Western Lake Erie, Michael T. Bur, Sandra L. Tinnirello, Charles D. Lovell, Jeff T. Tyson
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
Sport and commercial fishing interest groups are concerned about potential impacts double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) may have on fish species. Our objectives for this study were to determine the diet of the cormorant in western Lake Erie and the diet overlap and competition for resources with piscivorous fish, such as walleye (Stizostedion vitreum.) The stomach contents of 302 double-crested cormorants collected in western Lake Erie consisted primarily of young-of-the-year gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), emerald shiner (Notropis atherinoides,) and freshwater drum (Aplodinotus grunniens). In the spring, freshwater drum were the most …
Double-Crested Cormorant Impacts On Sport Fish: Literature Review, Agency Survey, And Strategies, John L. Trapp, Stephen J. Lewis, Diane M. Pence
Double-Crested Cormorant Impacts On Sport Fish: Literature Review, Agency Survey, And Strategies, John L. Trapp, Stephen J. Lewis, Diane M. Pence
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
In response to concerns expressed by anglers, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service conducted an extensive review of published studies done throughout the United States and Canada on the impacts of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) on sport-fish populations in open waters. The literature review indicated that fish species valued by sport and commercial anglers make up a very small proportion of the cormorants’ diet and that these birds have a minor effect on fish populations compared to the effects of sport and commercial fishing, natural predation, and other mortality factors. The Service sent a questionnaire to State agencies, …
Strategies To Reduce Double-Crested Cormorant Depredation At Aquaculture Facilities In Mississippi, David S. Reinhold, Charles A. (Bo) Sloan
Strategies To Reduce Double-Crested Cormorant Depredation At Aquaculture Facilities In Mississippi, David S. Reinhold, Charles A. (Bo) Sloan
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
Double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) depredation throughout the Southeastern United States has been on the increase over the past 20 years. The increase in depredation coincides with the growth of the aquaculture industry and an expansion of double-crested cormorant wintering populations throughout the Southeast. The U.S. Department of Agriculture–Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service–Wildlife Services plays a major role in reducing double-crested cormorant damage. Nonlethal harassment on farms, dispersal from night roosts, and lethal control have reduced double-crested cormorant depredation at aquaculture farms in Mississippi. However, the efficiency and compatibility of current methods of reducing double-crested cormorant depredation must …
Possible Effects Of Catfish Exploitation On Overwinter Body Condition Of Double-Crested Cormorants, James F. Glahn, Mark E. Tobin, J. Brent Harrel
Possible Effects Of Catfish Exploitation On Overwinter Body Condition Of Double-Crested Cormorants, James F. Glahn, Mark E. Tobin, J. Brent Harrel
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
Concurrent with the rapid growth of the Mississippi catfish industry during the 1980’s, there was evidence of similar growth of double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) populations wintering in the delta region of Mississippi. Observational and food habits studies indicate that this expansive industry, incorporating more than 100,000 acres of ponds, provides an enormous food base for overwintering populations estimated in recent years to exceed 50,000 birds. As much as 75 percent of the diet in certain roosting areas of the Mississippi delta consisted of catfish, and according to bioenergetic models cormorants can exploit as much as 940 metric tons …
A Geographic Information System To Monitor Nest Distributions Of Double-Crested Cormorants And Black-Crowned Night-Herons At Shared Colony Sites Near Toronto, Canada, S. Jarvie, H. Blokpoel, T. Chipperfield
A Geographic Information System To Monitor Nest Distributions Of Double-Crested Cormorants And Black-Crowned Night-Herons At Shared Colony Sites Near Toronto, Canada, S. Jarvie, H. Blokpoel, T. Chipperfield
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
In the early 1990’s, it became apparent that the rapid colonization of Tommy Thompson Park on Lake Ontario near Toronto by double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) would eventually affect the existing colonies of blackcrowned night-herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) owing to competition for nest sites and destruction of nest trees. As a result, monitoring of these two species was expanded in 1992 by individually marking all nest trees (using permanent metal tree tags) and by recording the numbers of heron and cormorant nests for all nest trees. In 1996, professional surveyors determined the exact locations of nest trees. We have developed …
Colonial Waterbird Nesting On West Sister Island National Wildlife Refuge And The Arrival Of Double-Crested Cormorants, Mark C. Shieldcastle, Larry Martin
Colonial Waterbird Nesting On West Sister Island National Wildlife Refuge And The Arrival Of Double-Crested Cormorants, Mark C. Shieldcastle, Larry Martin
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
Recent survey data have shown the importance of West Sister Island National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Erie, to nesting waders. About 40 percent of all herons and egrets nesting in the U.S. Great Lakes are found there, including the Great Lakes’ largest colonies of great blue heron (Ardea herodias), great egret (Ardea alba), and black-crowned nightheron (Nycticorax nycticorax), and the largest of two snowy egret (Egretta thula). West Sister Island’s importance to Ohio has grown in recent decades with the loss of smaller mainland colonies of waders, especially the black-crowned night-heron. The double-crested …
Appendix 1: Authors' Affiliations
Appendix 1: Authors' Affiliations
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
Authors' affiliations
Double-Crested Cormorants In The Midwest: Symposium Summary, Francesca J. Cuthbert
Double-Crested Cormorants In The Midwest: Symposium Summary, Francesca J. Cuthbert
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
Populations of double-crested cormorants (DCCO’s, Phalacrocorax auritus) have increased dramatically in North America during the past 2 decades (1978–98), especially in the Great Lakes region and Southeastern United States. Concern about the impact, real or imagined, of DCCO’s on economics and ecosystem health has risen in parallel to the increase in cormorant numbers. A daylong symposium on this subject was opened by Stephen Lewis and D. V. (Chip) Weseloh, who introduced the audience to the general problems associated with cormorants in the Midwest. The moderators identified the following symposium objectives: (1) to provide current information on the status and …
Fish Losses To Double-Crested Cormorant Predation In Eastern Lake Ontario, 1992–97, Robert M. Ross, James H. Johnson
Fish Losses To Double-Crested Cormorant Predation In Eastern Lake Ontario, 1992–97, Robert M. Ross, James H. Johnson
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
We examined 4,848 regurgitated digestive pellets of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) over a 6-year period (1992–97) to estimate annual predation on sport and other fishes in the eastern basin of Lake Ontario. We found more than 51,000 fish of 28 species. Using a model that incorporates annual colony nest counts; fledgling production rates; adult, immature, and young-of-year residence times (seasonal); estimates of mean number of fish per pellet and mean fish size; and a fecal pathway correction factor (4.0 percent), we estimate total annual number of fish consumed by cormorants in the eastern basin of Lake Ontario to …
Review Of The Population Status And Management Of Double-Crested Cormorants In Ontario, C. Korfanty, W.G. Miyasaki, J.L. Harcus
Review Of The Population Status And Management Of Double-Crested Cormorants In Ontario, C. Korfanty, W.G. Miyasaki, J.L. Harcus
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
We prepared this review of the status and management of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) in Ontario, with management options, in response to concerns expressed about possible negative impacts of large numbers of the birds on fish stocks, and vulnerable, threatened and endangered species. Double-crested cormorants are native to Ontario and were first recorded breeding on Lake of the Woods in northwestern Ontario in the late 1700’s. The birds spread eastward to colonize all of the Great Lakes by the 1930’s. A decline in cormorant populations on the Great Lakes from the 1950’s to the 1970’s has been attributed …
Information Needs For The Double-Crested Cormorant In Midwestern North America, As Identified By An Audience Survey , D.V. (Chip) Weseloh, Stephen J. Lewis
Information Needs For The Double-Crested Cormorant In Midwestern North America, As Identified By An Audience Survey , D.V. (Chip) Weseloh, Stephen J. Lewis
Symposium on Double-Crested Cormorants: Population Status and Management Issues in the Midwest
Double-crested cormorant (DCCO) research needs and data gaps were identified in the early 1990’s by Erwin (1995) and Nisbet (1995). Erwin (1995) recommended four areas of research: (1) large-scale banding and marking to determine age- and sex specific survival and fecundity, (2) studies of movements during migration and winter, (3) assessment of limiting factors such as contaminants and disease, especially in light of recent Newcastle disease in cormorants, and (4) evaluation of economic impacts of cormorants on cultured fishes and ways to reduce predation by fish-eating birds.
Basic Immunology, Lynn F. Woodward
Basic Immunology, Lynn F. Woodward
Range Beef Cow Symposium
The immune system can be thought of as a surveillance system to discriminate between “self" and "non-self." From simple life forms such as insects to advanced life forms such as humans, all living organisms have some form of host defense mechanism. Most have multiple, overlapping mechanisms ranging from very non-specific resistance to highly specific immunity. White blood cells forming "pus" around a splinter is representative of non-specific host resistance to invasion while immunity to IBR virus after vaccination or following recovery from active infection is representative of specific active immunity.
These host defense systems protect livestock and man from the …
Breeding For Profit: An Introduction To Selection Index Concepts, M. D. Macneil, R. A. Nugent, W. M. Snelling
Breeding For Profit: An Introduction To Selection Index Concepts, M. D. Macneil, R. A. Nugent, W. M. Snelling
Range Beef Cow Symposium
The selection problem, that of choosing which individuals become parents, is inherent in all of beef production. This problem almost invariably involves evaluating animals on more than one trait and making compromises among traits to arrive at a final evaluation of each candidate for selection. In a capitalist society, profitability seems a logical unit of expression for that final evaluation. It is certainly the basis of evaluation intended in the original development of selection index in the animal sciences (Hazel and Lush, 1942; Hazel, 1943). Thus, a desire on the part of producers to maximize profitability is assumed throughout this …
Ingestion Of Ponderosa Pine Needles By Cattle, S. L. Kronberg, R. E. Short, E. E. Grings
Ingestion Of Ponderosa Pine Needles By Cattle, S. L. Kronberg, R. E. Short, E. E. Grings
Range Beef Cow Symposium
Given the relatively high fiber and moderate crude protein concentrations in Ponderosa pine needles (Adams et al., 1992; Pfister et al., 1992) and their potential negative effect on organic matter digestibility and nitrogen retention in ruminants (Adams et al., 1992), it is not readily apparent why cattle eat them. However, there are a number of ideas that may help explain why they do. Ponderosa pine needles contain a variety of nutrients and precursors including glucose, fructose, galactose, sucrose, citric acid, shikimic acid (a precursor in the biosynthesis of the amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan), crude protein (Pfister et al., …
Synchronization Programs Update, Tom Geary
Synchronization Programs Update, Tom Geary
Range Beef Cow Symposium
Synchronization of estrus involves methods of manipulating the estrous cycle of females within a herd so they express estrus at approximately the same time. There are several traditional protocols available for synchronizing estrus (heat) among beef cows. Traditional protocols include one or two Prostaglandin protocols, the MGA/prostaglandin protocol and the Syncro- Mate B protocol. None of these methods have been universally adopted because none are able to satisfy all situations. There are also a couple of new protocols that have been developed within the last 2 years that have resulted in higher success than traditional protocols. These new protocols include …
Factors Affecting Calf Survival, R. A. Bellows
Factors Affecting Calf Survival, R. A. Bellows
Range Beef Cow Symposium
Survival of the calf at or shortly after birth can be compromised leading to high death losses and a serious impact on net income for the cattle producer. This paper will briefly review some findings related to causes of death of the newborn calf.
Cows And Computers: Choosing Records Management Software, Martha Malm Ellis
Cows And Computers: Choosing Records Management Software, Martha Malm Ellis
Range Beef Cow Symposium
Back in 1990, those of us at Malm Ranch Company decided it was becoming more and more difficult to keep accurate records on over 800 head of cows using the paper/pencil method-- especially when the "paper" ended up being the inside of boxes from our vaccines and Ivomec! So when my two kids and I returned to work at the ranch full time, I was given the job of computerizing the cattle records for our family farming/ranching operation. I started out using a data base program but soon found myself having to enter the same information over and over because …
Computer Software Selection: Financial, Kory M. Bierle
Computer Software Selection: Financial, Kory M. Bierle
Range Beef Cow Symposium
Over and over we as producers are told we need to know our cost of production. As the title of my college accounting book stated, accounting is the basis for business decisions.
The question comes up: how do we track these costs and make sense of all the numbers? As soon as we realize the importance of the office work and the need to get it done in a timely and efficient manner, we address how to get it done. What has been the answer for the past 20 to 25 years to help get the work done? That's right, …