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1992

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

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Pogogyne Floribunda (Lamiaceae), A New Species From The Great Basin In Northeastern California, James D. Jokerst Jan 1992

Pogogyne Floribunda (Lamiaceae), A New Species From The Great Basin In Northeastern California, James D. Jokerst

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Pogogyne jloribunda is described as a new endemic species from Lassen and Modoc counties in northeastern California. Its occurrence on the eastern Modoc Plateau of the Great Basin Floristic Province is the first record for the genus outside the California Floristic Province. Pogogyne zizyphoroides also is reported from the Great Basin in Lassen County.

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Wood, Bark, And Pith Anatomy Of Old World Species Of Ephedra And Summary For The Genus, Sherwin Carlquist Jan 1992

Wood, Bark, And Pith Anatomy Of Old World Species Of Ephedra And Summary For The Genus, Sherwin Carlquist

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Quantitative and qualitative data are presented for wood anatomy of 35 collections representing 22 Old World species of Ephedra; the survey of bark and pith anatomy is based on some of these species. Character-state ranges similar to those of the New World species are reported, although more numerous species show vessel absence in latewood. Little diminution in vessel diameter or density occurs in latewood of the eight species that are scandant or sprawling. Helical thickenings or sculpture occur in vessels of about a third of the Old World species, but these thickenings are clearly related to pits, often not …

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Wood Anatomy Of Lamiaceae. A Survey, With Comments On Vascular And Vasicentric Tracheids, Sherwin Carlquist Jan 1992

Wood Anatomy Of Lamiaceae. A Survey, With Comments On Vascular And Vasicentric Tracheids, Sherwin Carlquist

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Quantitative and qualitative data are presented for 44 collections representing 42 species in 27 genera. Lamiaceae basically have: vessels with simple perforation plates; vessel-to-vessel pitting alternate; imperforate tracheary elements all libriform fibers, fibers commonly septate; axial parenchyma scanty vasicentric; rays Heterogeneous Type IIB. These features ally Lamiaceae closely with Verbenaceae. In addition to the Mesomorphy ratio (based on vessel element dimensions), features that indicate wood xeromorphy in Lamiaceae, in probable increasing order of importance are: presence of indistinct to marked growth rings; presence of helical thickenings in vessels; presence of vasicentric or vascular tracheids; presence of vessel groups averaging three …

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Petiolar Anatomy Of North American Astragalus Species (Fabaceae) With Persistent Petioles, Thomas Engel Jan 1992

Petiolar Anatomy Of North American Astragalus Species (Fabaceae) With Persistent Petioles, Thomas Engel

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The petiole and rachis anatomy of 11 North American Astragalus species that show a tendency towards persistent petioles is described and illustrated by line drawings of representative transections. The results are compared with those of a spine anatomical survey of 200 Old World Astragalus and Astracantha species. Attention was given to the anatomical characters previously determined to be taxon-specific such as the amount and position of sclerenchyma and distribution patterns of vascular bundles. Character evolution and the classification of species into sections are discussed. A fundamental difference between New World and Old World Astragalus s.1. species was found. Most of …

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An Updated Phylogenetic Classification Of The Flowering Plants, Robert F. Thorne Jan 1992

An Updated Phylogenetic Classification Of The Flowering Plants, Robert F. Thorne

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

This update of my classification of the flowering plants, or Angiospermae, is based upon about 800 pertinent books, monographs, and other botanical papers published since my last synopsis appeared in the Nordic Journal of Science in 1983. Also I have narrowed my family- and ordinal-gap concepts to bring acceptance of family and ordinal limits more in line with those of current taxonomists. This new information and the shift in my phylogenetic philosophy have caused significant changes in my interpretation of relationships and numbers and content of taxa. Also the ending "-anae" has been accepted for superorders in place in the …

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Cupulomyces, A New Genus Of Laboulbeniales (Asomycetes) Based On Stigmatomyces Lasiochili, Richard K. Benjamin Jan 1992

Cupulomyces, A New Genus Of Laboulbeniales (Asomycetes) Based On Stigmatomyces Lasiochili, Richard K. Benjamin

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

A new genus of Laboulbeniales, Cupulomyces, is described. Its type species, C. lasiochili, is based on Stigmatomyces lasiochili, originally described by Roland Thaxter in I 917. This taxon subsequently has been classified in two other genera, Hesperomyces and Acompsomyces. Structure and development of the thallus of C. lasiochili are described and illustrated with photographs and line drawings. Distinctive features of the receptacle, appendage, and perithecium warrant recognition of a new genus.

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Plant Species Disjunctions, Daniel J. Crawford, Nam Sook Lee, Tod F. Stuessy Jan 1992

Plant Species Disjunctions, Daniel J. Crawford, Nam Sook Lee, Tod F. Stuessy

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The use of molecular data in the study of plant species disjunctions is reviewed and evaluated. The major reason for employing molecular information is to estimate genetic divergence between morphologically similar disjunct species. Flavonoid chemistry offers few advantages over morphology because it is difficult, if not impossible, to infer genetic divergence from the arrays of flavonoid compounds sequestered by two species. Also, flavonoids can, like morphological characters, undergo stasis. Rather direct evidence for this comes from the fact that extant and fossil species may have identical or nearly identical flavonoids. Enzyme electrophoresis is useful for estimating divergence between disjunct species …

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A New Genus Of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) On A Species Of Phalacrichus (Coleoptera: Dryopoidea: Limnichidae), With A Note On Mirror-Image Asymmetry In The Order, Richard K. Benjamin Jan 1992

A New Genus Of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) On A Species Of Phalacrichus (Coleoptera: Dryopoidea: Limnichidae), With A Note On Mirror-Image Asymmetry In The Order, Richard K. Benjamin

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

A new genus ofLaboulbeniales, with two species, Phalacrichomyces normalis (type) and P. anomalus, is described from Phalacrichus diligens (Coleoptera: Dryopoidea; Limnichidae). Phalacrichomyces is placed in the Stigmatomycetinae of the Laboulbeniaceae where it appears to be most nearly related to Stemmatomyces and Synandromyces among the other 39 genera of the subtribe. The new taxa are characterized and salient features of the structure and development of their ascomata are summarized and illustrated with photographs and line drawings. The ascomata of associated pairs of P. anomalus display a remarkable degree of mirror-image asymmetry. This phenomenon, which appears to be a characteristic, although …

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Wood Anatomy Of Hedyosmum (Chloranthaceae) And The Tracheid-Vessel Element Transition, Sherwin Carlquist Jan 1992

Wood Anatomy Of Hedyosmum (Chloranthaceae) And The Tracheid-Vessel Element Transition, Sherwin Carlquist

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Qualitative and quantitative data are presented for 22 collections of 14 species of Hedyosmum. Wood of the genus is primitive in its notably long scalariform perforation plates; scalariform lateral wall pitting of vessel elements; and the low ratio of length between imperforate tracheary elements and vessel elements. Pit membrane remnants are characteristically present to various degrees in perforations of vessel elements; this is considered a primitive feature that is related to other primitive vessel features. Specialized features of Hedyosmum wood include septate fiber-tracheids with much reduced borders on pits; vasicentric axial parenchyma; and absence of uniseriate rays (in wood …

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Aggregated Cones In Pinus Halepensis, Simcha Lev-Yadun Jan 1992

Aggregated Cones In Pinus Halepensis, Simcha Lev-Yadun

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Aggregated female cones were found in 192 Pinus halepensis trees growing in 54 populations in Israel, in habitats of vastly differing ecological conditions. All of these trees also carried normal (1-5 in a whorl) female cones. The number of aggregates per tree varied from one to several dozen. Some of the trees formed aggregates every year, after the first year of aggregate formation, while others formed aggregates only once, or at long intervals. Not all cones in the aggregates reached maturity. The number of cones in an aggregate ranged from six to 62, and they were usually smaller than normal. …

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Phytochemical Profile Of Hydrostachys Insignis (Hydrostachyaceae), Ron Scogin Jan 1992

Phytochemical Profile Of Hydrostachys Insignis (Hydrostachyaceae), Ron Scogin

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Foliar material of Hydrostachys insignis contains kaempferol 3-glucoside and kaempferol 3-sophoroside. Iridoids, proanthocyanidins, acteoside, alkaloids, hydrolyzable tannins (ellagic acid), cyanogenic glycosides, and saponins could not be detected. This chemical profile does not support proposed relationships between Hydrostachyaceae and either Podostemaceae or members of the Scrophulariales. It is proposed that the chemical profile of Hydrostachyaceae reflects phylogeny, not convergence to an aquatic habitat; but the profile does not suggest any accurate systematic alignment of Hydrostachyaceae.

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Nonglandular Trichomes Of Californian And Hawaiian Tarweeds, Andrew A. Maclachlan, Sherwin Carlquist Jan 1992

Nonglandular Trichomes Of Californian And Hawaiian Tarweeds, Andrew A. Maclachlan, Sherwin Carlquist

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The purpose of this paper was to demonstrate the diversity in nonglandular trichome morphology of tarweeds at the ultrastructural level, and to propose categories for the morphologies reported for such trichomes. Using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the authors surveyed 31 species of II genera of tarweeds from California and three genera of tarweeds from Hawaii. Trichome cell wall thickness in the Californian species ranged from 1 to 6 ~μm, whereas in the Hawaiian species trichome cell wall thickness ranged from 1 to 14 ~μm. Based on their surface appearance using SEM, trichomes were grouped into four categories: grooved; …

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Endemism In The Vascular Flora Of The Juan Fernandez Islands, Tod F. Stuessy, Clodomiro Marticorena, Roberto Rodriguez R., Daniel J. Crawford, Mario Silva O. Jan 1992

Endemism In The Vascular Flora Of The Juan Fernandez Islands, Tod F. Stuessy, Clodomiro Marticorena, Roberto Rodriguez R., Daniel J. Crawford, Mario Silva O.

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The Juan Fernandez archipelago contains 361 vascular plant species including 53 ferns, 65 monocots, and 243 dicots. Represented are 73 families and 219 genera. There is one endemic family (Lactoridaceae), 12 endemic genera, and 126 endemic species. The native vascular flora has II% endemism at the generic level and 60% at the specific level. Among the endemic species, 23 are ferns, 15 are monocots, and 88 are dicots. Of the endemic dicots, 29 species are Compositae, making up 33% of the endemic dicot flora. Most (97%) of the endemic angiosperms are perennials, and 64% of the dicots are woody (shrubs, …

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Abnormal Cones In Cupressus Sempervirens, Simcha Lev-Yadun Jan 1992

Abnormal Cones In Cupressus Sempervirens, Simcha Lev-Yadun

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Abnormal cones found in Cupressus sempervirens include bisexual cones and double female and male cones. They are very infrequent, but there are individual trees with a tendency to produce such cones. We suggest that these cones reflect changes in normal hormonal balance.

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A Revision Of The Allium Fimbriatum (Alliaceae) Complex, Dale W. Mcneal Jan 1992

A Revision Of The Allium Fimbriatum (Alliaceae) Complex, Dale W. Mcneal

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Allium fimbriatum in California and northern Baja California causes frequent difficulty in identification. The species, as defined by Ownbey, comprises nine varieties and is characterized by great morphologic diversity. No single character or suite of characters separates this species from others in the A. sanbornii alliance. This investigation was undertaken to survey the large number of herbarium specimens that have accumulated since Ownbey's study and to observe all of the taxa in the field or garden, something not accomplished by Ownbey. Orientation of the perianth segments, visible only in living material, along with shape and presence or absence of denticulation, …

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The Presence Of Taxol And Related Compounds In Taxus Baccata Native To The Ukraine (Crimea), Georgia, And Southern Russia, Thomas S. Elias, Vladislav V. Korzhenevsky Jan 1992

The Presence Of Taxol And Related Compounds In Taxus Baccata Native To The Ukraine (Crimea), Georgia, And Southern Russia, Thomas S. Elias, Vladislav V. Korzhenevsky

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Twenty-eight leaf and twig samples and one bark sample of Taxus baccata from the Ukraine (Crimea), Russia, and Georgia were analyzed for taxane compounds. Taxol and the related diterpenoid I 0-deacetylbaccatin III (baccatin III) were present in all samples and 20.7% of those samples exhibited a taxol content nearly equal to or greater than that obtained from the bark of the Pacific Yew, T. brevifolia. Taxus baccata is a potential significant source of taxol, the most promising new drug identified in the last twenty years for the treatment of selected forms of cancer.

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