Life Sciences Commons^™

A Study Of Habitat Preference For The Aestivation Of The Alfalfa Weevil Hyper Postica (Curculionidae: Coleoftera), Donald D. Myers

Masters Theses

Habitat prefernce for the aestivation of Hyper postica was researched by the sampling of field borders. Sampling methods by the sampling of field borders. Sampling methods included soil and vegetative litter collection, sweeping of borders with an insect net and emergence trapping of wooded and grass habitat. Fields were swept once a week to determine if H. postica returned to the field before the winter season. The methods resulted in the following findings: Weevils do not aestivate litter. Data from sweeping indicated that weevils prefer areas that include alfalfa and grasses. Results of observations implied that there is a direct …

Small Mammals In Openings In Virginia's Dismal Swamp, Robert K. Rose

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

In a study of small mammals of openings in the Dismal Swamp of Virginia, seven species were obtained using pitfall traps. Samples included several species rarely caught in the Swamp - seven specimens of the Dismal Swamp subspecies of the southern bog lemming, Synaptomys cooperi helaletes, the first collected in this century; two least shrews, Cryptotis parva; and 15 southeastern shrews, Sorex longirostris fisheri . Results are compared to previous studies, conducted primarily in forested habitats, in which the white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus, and the golden mouse, Ochrotomys nuttalli, were numerically dominant.

The Hairless-Obese Mouse, William D. Stansfield

Biological Sciences

Viable mice homozygous for two recessive autosomal genes, hairless (hr) and obese (ob) were produced with an average life span of 538 ± 34.1 days. On the average, hairless-obese mice weighed about 73 percent as much as obese mice. Since obese mice consumed approximately 73 percent as much oxygen per gram body weight per hour as hairless-obese mice at about 24°C, the weight averages appear to be closely inversely related to the oxygen consumption averages. The presence or absence of pelage seems to make a negligible contribution to oxygen consumption in these two types of obese …

Compartments In The Imaginal Wing Disc Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Scott C. Fogerty

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Developmental Analysis Of The Tumorous-Head Eye-Antennal Disc In Drosophila Melanogaster: Fate Map And In Vivo Culture, Deborah J. Andrew

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Gradient Effect Of Homoeotic Transformations In The Tumorous-Head Mutant Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Julia L. Cook

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Abnormalities in the eye of tumorous-head Drosophila melanogaster were compositely mapped to their respective positions in an archetypal eye. A dorso-ventrally oriented restriction line in the posterior eye, similar to that observed by Campos-Ortega and Waitz (1978) and Baker (1978) through clonal analysis, was observed. Restrictive areas that parallel and probably coincide with hose previously disclosed by Campos-Ortega (1978) were also demonstrated in both the dorsal and ventral eye. Transformation of tumorous-head Drosophila melanogaster were examined in order to investigate region specific correlations between head structure and their homoeotic replacements. Five different tumorous-head strains were analyzed and compared for maximum …

Summer-Season Populations Of Epibenthic Marine Fishes In The Indian River Lagoon System, Florida, Timothy J. Mulligan

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Epibenthic marine fish populations were sampled in order to establish quantitative base-line data for use in long term monitoring of the northern Indian River lagoon system, Florida. Fish samples were taken by trawling monthly at 8 fixed stations from June through September, 1979 and 1980. Fifty-seven fish species representing 29 families were collected. The fish community was numerically dominated by a very few species. Anchoa mitchilli alone accounted for 87% of the 105,853 individuals collected. Abundance, domin ance, and species diversity were compared among the three lagoon subdivisions, Mosquito Lagoon, Indian River, and Banana River. Greater numbers of fishes were …

Movements And Feeding Ecology Of Immature Green Turtles (Chelonia Mydas) In Mosquito Lagoon, Florida, Mary T. Mendonca

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The seasonal and diel movements of fourteen immature green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in Mosquito, Lagoon, Florida were monitored using sonic telemetry. The feeding ecology of this turtle population was also studied using dissection and stomach flushing techniques. An attempt was made to relate the movement patterns of the turtles to their feeding habits. The immature green turtles were found to make seemingly random, long distance movements (X╠äkm moved/day=7.79) and to remain in deeper waters (X╠ädepth=1.63m), apparently not feeding, when water temperatures fell below 19┬░C. When average water temperatures ranged between 19-25┬░C, the turtles were found primarily in shallow waters (X╠ädepth=1.1m) …

Seasonal Variation In The Foraging Behavior Of Some Migratory Western Wood Warblers, Richard L. Hutto

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

I observed the foraging behavior of four warbler species (Dendroica petechia, Oporornis tolmiei, Geothlypis trichas, and Wilsonia pusilla) in the summer in Wyoming and in the winter in Nayarit, Mexico. Of six variables (absolute foraging height, relative foraging height, vegetation density, horizontal foraging position, feeding method, and foraging substrate) believed to be potentially important in distinguishing the warbler species ecologically, the two foragingheight variables provided the greatest separation of the four species in both summer and winter. An analysis of the behavioral similarity of each species from summer to winter revealed that feeding method was the least …

Drosophila Alcohol Dehydrogenase: Developmental Studies On Cryptic Variant Lines, Gurbachan Miglani, Franklin Ampy

Department of Biology Faculty Publications

Thirty-five cryptic variant lines were used to examine the mechanisms involved in genetic modulation of alcohol metabolism in Drosophila. Late third-instar larval, preemergence pupal, and adult stages cultured at 18 and 28 C were examined. Spectrophotometric analyses for native alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity and residual ADH activity after treatment with guanidine hydrochloride and heat were performed. Differential response of cryptic variants to treatment with the denaturants during development suggested that this variation may have an adaptive significance.

Drosophila Alcohol Dehydrogenase: Developmental Studies On Cryptic Variant Lines, Gurbachan Miglani, Franklin Ampy

Franklin Ampy

Bulletin No. 27: Birds Of Connecticut Salt Marshes - 50th Anniversary, James Stone, J. Susan Cole-Stone, William A. Niering

Bulletins

48 pp. 1981. Illustrations and descriptions of 24 birds commonly seen on our tidal marshes.

Aggregation Behavior Of Aplomyiopsis Xylota (Diptera: Tachinidae), Frank J. Messina

Biology Faculty Publications

The tachinid A. xylota is a common parasitoid of larvae of Trirhabda virgata and T. borealis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in central New York [USA]. Flies aggregated on herbaceous vegetation along the borders between old fields and more shaded habitats (shrubby fields or woodlots). Aggregations comprised from less than 100 to a few thousand individuals, almost all of which were male. Males continuously perched and moved about in sun flecks on the vegetation and frequently grappled with each other. In the old field adjacent to the primary aggregation site, the tachinid sex ratio was strongly skewed toward females. Aggregations of A. xylota …

Changes In Native Alcohol Dehydrogenase Activity Of Drosophila Upon Treatment With Guanidine Hydrochloride, Urea And Heat, Gurbachan Miglani, Franklin Ampy

Department of Biology Faculty Publications

Fifty-two isochromosomal lines ofDrosophila melanogaster were examined for the existence of additional genetic variations in ADH activity subsequent to treatment With guanidine hydrochloride, urea and heat. A wealth of hidden variation was discovered among and within the Mexican populations of the insect after treatment with the denaturants.

Statistical Analysis Of Cryptic Variation In Drosophila Alcohol Dehydrogenase, Gurbachan Miglani, Franklin Ampy

Department of Biology Faculty Publications

Statistical analysis indicated that mean alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity levels within ADH1 and ADH11 isochromosomal lines varied significantly among the Mexican populations ofDrosophila melanogaster used. Also as indicated by coefficient of variation values for ADH activity, the relative amount of genetic variation differed among and within the ADH1 and ADH11 strains examined. The quantitative nature of the differences in ADH activity supported the concept of the additive gene action of the alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) locus. The manner in which our isochromosomal lines were constructed suggested that genes regulating ADH activity inD. melanogaster were located on the second chromosomes.

Changes In Native Alcohol Dehydrogenase Activity Of Drosophila Upon Treatment With Guanidine Hydrochloride, Urea And Heat, Gurbachan Miglani, Franklin Ampy

Franklin Ampy

Statistical Analysis Of Cryptic Variation In Drosophila Alcohol Dehydrogenase, Gurbachan Miglani, Franklin Ampy

Franklin Ampy

Remembrance Of Places Lasts: Proactive Inhibition And Patterns Of Choice In Rat Spatial Memory, William A. Roberts, Robert H.I. Dale

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

A series of experiments was carried out to evaluate the notion that rats given a sequence of massed daily trials on the radial maze reset working memory at the end of each trial by deleting its contents. Although curves presented by D. S. Olton [Scientific American, 1977, 236, 82-98: In S. H. Hulse, H. Fowler, & W. K. Honig (Eds.), Cognitive processes in animal behavior, 1978, Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum] show that rats return to errorless performance at the beginning of each trial after the first, the fact that accuracy falls less rapidly over choices on Trial 1 …

The Effects Of Photoperiod And Melatonin Injections On The Reproductive System Of Pinealectomized Male Mice Mus Musculus, Icr Strain, John Earnest Constantine

Master's Theses

One hundred two male mice , Mus musculus, ICR strain, age four weeks, were obtained. Fifty-one mice were pinealectomized and 51 were sham operated. The animals were divided into three photoperiod groups: 1.5L:22.5D, 14L:10D, 24L; 0D. The mice were subcutaneously injected daily with 10 ug melatonin or control solution from post-operative day J to post-operative day 60, On post-operative day 60 representatives of each photo­ period-surgery-injection regimen were paired with females. The remaining animals were killed and several organs were removed and weighed, Melatonin injections were progonadal in pinealectomized mice and inhibitory in sham mice in several instances. Histological examination …

The Spatial Distribution Of Phytoplankton In Westhampton Lake, Richmond, Virginia, James William Newlin

Master's Theses

The hypothesis is that spatial distributions of phytoplankton standing crop and photosynthetic capacity in Westhampton Lake are homogeneous was tested. Distributions were analyzed with respect to horizontal and vertical planes separately and combined. The study was divided into three time period: 1) late summer stratification, 2) early fall mixing, and 3) fall turnover, based on isothermal lines of the lake at the deepest station. Phytoplankton standing crop was measured by spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods. The photosynthetic capacity was measured flurometrically. Combined horizontal and vertical spatial distribution of standing crop was clumped for the entire lake and during each time period. …

Electrophoretic Mobilities Of Topoisomers Of Φx174 Dna, Virginia Mckee Hanson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The analysis of nucleic acid structure by zone electrophoresis in agarose gels has become an increasingly important method in studies requiring the separation and identification of species differing only slightly in molecular weight or conformation. We have demonstrated the existence of several circular DNA forms that appear in cells infected with the bacteriophage ΦX174.

Wt/am3 heteroduplex molecules containing a single base mismatch (relaxed RFI molecules) were constructed in vitro, purified by sedimentation, and analyzed by zone electrophoresis on 1.4% agarose gels. In order to verify that the band of denaturation-resistant heteroduplex was indeed relaxed RFI, we compared …

Ultrastructure Of The Tegument Of Intramolluscan Stages Of Proterometra Edneyi Nomen Nudum, Robin Munsey

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Larval stages of Proterometra edneyi nomen nudum were obtained from Goniobasis laqueata and prepared for transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The tegument of rediae, cercariae within rediae and mature cercariae were observed to see if any differences occurred in relation to enivronmental and functional factors. The tegument was found to be similar in organization to that previously reported for other trematodes. Rediae were found to have patterned, folded teguments with many small microvilli indicative of the function of this surface to absorb nutrients. Microvilli were also present on the tegument of the cercarial body within the rediae along with infoldings …

Cadmium And Zinc Levels In The Hair Of Smokers And Nonsmokers, Neal R. Simonsen

Dissertations and Theses

To determine the relationship of tobacco and marijuana smoking to levels of cadmium and zinc manifested in hair samples, a study was conducted at Portland State University using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. 97 adult student volunteers participated in the main study.

Systematics Of Isocarpha (Compositae: Eupatorieae), David J. Keil, Tod F. Stuessy

Biological Sciences

Isocarpha comprises five species ranging from southern Texas and the Bahamas to northern Peru and northeastern Brazil. The genus belongs in Eupatorieae rather than Heliantheae, but structure of the head of Isocarpha with its elongate, chaffy receptacle is anomalous within Eupatorieae. An hypothesis is presented suggesting the evolutionary derivation of this type of head through formation of floral buds in the axils of the involucral bracts. Generic ties of Isocarpha within Eupatorieae are unclear, but the closest affinities appear to be with Ayapana and relatives.

Occurrence Of Psilocybin/Psilocin In Pluteus Salicinus (Pluteaceae), Stephen G. Saupe

Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Opportunistic Species Of Macrobenthos In A Sewage-Polluted Lagoon, And An Analysis Of The Indicator Concept, Raymond E. Grizzle

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Population Structure And Reproduction In The Introduced Florida Population Of The Pike Killifish, Belonesox Belizanus (Pisces: Poeciliidae), James S. Turner

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The pike killifish, Belonesox belizanus Kner, is the largest member of the live-bearing family Poeciliidae. The species is native to Central America, and was introduced into Dade County, Florida in 1957. B. belizanus is primarily piscivorous, and has been identified as a potential ecological "problem" species for Florida due to its heavy predation on small native fishes, especially the mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis). The population structure and reproduction of the Florida population were investigated in this study from field samples and aquarium observations. The mean standard length (SL) of mature females was about 103 mm. Most females larger than 75 mm …

Characterization Of Gram-Positive Bacterial Isolates From Burn Victims, Trisha A. Hannan

Dissertations and Theses

Streptococcus and Staphylococcus were collected from patients hospitalized at the Oregon Burn Center, Emanuel Hospital, Portland, Oregon, between October 27, 1980 and January 1, 1981. Forty-five isolates of Staphylococcus and twenty-one isolates of Streptococcus, Lancefield Group D, were included in the investigation.

The objectives of the investigation were: (i) to identify to the species level all isolates, (ii) to determine their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents, (iii) to test the organisms. over time for increasing resistance to silver, (iv) to determine, if present, a bacterium harbored within the burn unit (nosocomial bacterium), and (v) to determine any recognizable pattern of successive …

A Morphometrical Analysis Of The Guinea Pig Placenta After Chronic Exposure To Carbon Monoxide, Marcella J. Woolsey

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

We used morphometric analysis to determine if placental structure is modified by carbon monoxide, Camm-Hartley guinea pigs were exposed throughout gestation to chronic conditions of carbon monoxide (averaging about 180 parts per million). Maternal weight, placental weight, fetal weight, and fetal length were recorded at the time of placental fixation. Using a computerized image analyzer on photomicrographs obtained through light microscopy, we measured maternal and fetal percent vessel volumes, surface areas, and vessel numbers. Maternal vessel numbers and surface area remained basically unchanged but decreased slightly. Maternal percent volume decreased 15%. However, fetal capillary number increased 35% (p < 0.01) from a control value of 2325 ± 184 per mm² (SE …

The Biological Effect Of Evernimicin B On Bacillus Subtilis W2 3 And Three Antibiotic-Resistant Strains Of Staphylococcus Aureus, Steven Bogach

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

One strain of Bacillus subtilis and three antibiotic-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus were employed to determine the biological effects of everninomicin B (EvB), a naturally occurring antibiotic produced by Micromonospora carbonacea (NRRL 2972) and M. carbonacea var. aurantiaca. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EvB for B. subtilis was 1.2 x 10^-3 µmole/ml of EvB in glucose minimal broth and 2.6 x 10^-3 µmole/ml of EvB in nutrient broth. MIC values of EvB for S. aureus were 3.25 x 10^-4 µmole/ml of EvB for strains resistant to penicillin or tetracycline and 6.5 x 10^-4 µmole/ml of …