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- Chromium (1)
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Articles 1 - 23 of 23
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Grazing Public Lands In Western South Dakota - What's It Worth?, M. K. Beutler
Grazing Public Lands In Western South Dakota - What's It Worth?, M. K. Beutler
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
South Dakota has relatively few acres of public rangeland when compared to other western states. However, public grazing in South Dakota can have a major impact on local area economies in which public grazing occurs. Total harvested AUMs have declined over the study period. The total value of public land grazing has climbed mainly due to higher cattle prices. In 1988, South Dakota public lands participated in the production of approximately $35 million in gross livestock production. This gross production generated an estimated $66 million in economic activity to the region. In 1988, public lands accounted for an estimated $22.8 …
Comparison Of Yearling Steer Gains In Early Summer Under Season-Long Native, Season-Long Crested Wheatgrass And June-Deferred Native Grazing Systems, P.S. Johnson, J. J. Wagner, M. J. Goetz, J. Cantrell
Comparison Of Yearling Steer Gains In Early Summer Under Season-Long Native, Season-Long Crested Wheatgrass And June-Deferred Native Grazing Systems, P.S. Johnson, J. J. Wagner, M. J. Goetz, J. Cantrell
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
Season-long native, season-long crested wheatgrass and June-deferred native grazing systems were compared with regard to average daily gains, gains per acre and total gains. Due to drought conditions, the typical 4-month spring-summer season was reduced to a season of approximately 2 months beginning in June. Few differences were detected between the systems for ADG in each month or over the season. Gains per acre were greatest (P<.05) on crested wheatgrass pastures (33.75 Ib/acre), but no differences were detected between native pastures (1 0.61 -1 6.61 Ib/acre) regardless of whether they had been grazed for 2 months or one (using similar stocking rates). This study indicates that, using weight gain data from 1989 and a 2-month grazing season, the greatest potential gain for the season is realized with a system where cattle graze crested wheatgrass in June and native pastures in July. If this system was applied on 320 acres crested wheatgrass and 640 acres excellent condition native pasture, it would have the potential to produce approximately 23,196 Ib of gain on yearling steers compared with season-long (June-July) production of 9,408 Ib on @I0 acres and 14,112 Ib on 960 acres native pasture.
Feeding Practices In South Dakota Cattle Feedlots, D C. Taylor, J. J. Wagner, R. D. Kappes
Feeding Practices In South Dakota Cattle Feedlots, D C. Taylor, J. J. Wagner, R. D. Kappes
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
During March 1989, a mail survey of South Dakota cattle feedlot managers was undertaken. The purposes of the survey were to characterize the nature of the cattle feeding industry in South Dakota and to determine the relationships between (i) each of size-of-feedlot and geographic location within the state and (ii) management practices followed by cattle feeders. Direct relationships exist between size-of-feedlot and the following: (1) rate of feedlot utilization in each quarter of the year (P<.10); (2) percentage grain relative to roughage in both growing and finishing diets (P<.10); (3) percentage of feedlots feeding high moisture grain, cracked grain, and ground hay (P<.01); (4) percentage of feedlots using rumen stimulants and growth implants (P<.01); and (5) percentages of managers testing feeds for nutrient composition, using feed scales to control feeding rates, maintaining feed records for separate pens of cattle, and hiring consultants to formulate rations (P<.01). On the other hand, inverse relationships exist between size-of-feedlot and the following: (6) days on feed for heifer calves, yearling steers, and yearling heifers (P<.10); (7) slaughter weight of steers (Pc.10); (8) percentage of home-raised hay and dry grain (P<.10); (9) percentage of feedlots feeding ground grain and unprocessed hay (P<.01); and (10) percentage of feedlots not using feed additives (P<.10). Average days on feed for steer and heifer calves are lower (P<.05) in the West than in other areas of the state. More milo is fed in the West; more barley is fed in the North Central region; and less home-raised corn silage and haylage are fed in the West than in other regions (P<.05).
Effect Of Deccox¹ And Aureomycin² On Performance Of Feedlot Steers During The Receiving Period, J.J. Wagner, R. Hanson
Effect Of Deccox¹ And Aureomycin² On Performance Of Feedlot Steers During The Receiving Period, J.J. Wagner, R. Hanson
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
One-hundred thirty Angus steer calves (492 Ib) were utilized in a study to determine the effect of feeding Deccox, Aureomycin or a combination of Deccox and Aureomycin on feedlot performance during the feedlot receiving period (29 days). All cattle were fed diets consisting of 50% concentrate on a dry matter basis. No clinical symptoms of respiratory illness or= coccidiosis were observed for any of the cattle in this study. There were no significant differences in average daily dry matter intake due to medication treatment. Feeding Deccox improved (P = .0161) average daily gain about 10.9%. Feeding Aureomycin tended to improve …
Effects Of Restricting Intake On Carcass Traits Of Young Steers, R. H. Pritchard, D. H. Gee, M. R. Robbins
Effects Of Restricting Intake On Carcass Traits Of Young Steers, R. H. Pritchard, D. H. Gee, M. R. Robbins
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
Feedlot performance and carcass characteristics were compared when steer calves were fed energy dense diets ad libitum (AL) or restricted (RI) to achieve constant growth rates. AL steers grew more rapidly (P.e.10) than RI steers, 2.93 vs 2.74 Ib per head per day. For the period from 98 days to slaughter (AL = 89 days, RI = 99 days), AL steers consumed more dry matter daily than Rl steers. Restricting intake did not affect feed conversions or total dry matter consumed while in the feedlot. Steers were slaughtered at similar final weights. Intake level did not affect carcass weight, rib …
Characterization Of Hereford And Two-Breed Rotational Crosses Of Hereford With Angus And Simmental Cattle: Carcass Traits Of Steers, D.M. Marshall, M. D. Monfore, W. J. Costello, C. A. Dinkel
Characterization Of Hereford And Two-Breed Rotational Crosses Of Hereford With Angus And Simmental Cattle: Carcass Traits Of Steers, D.M. Marshall, M. D. Monfore, W. J. Costello, C. A. Dinkel
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
Calf carcass traits were evaluated for Simmental (S) x Hereford (H) and Angus (A) x H cross cows in two-breed rotations and for straightbred H. Data were grouped into seven dam breed categories: straightbred Hereford (H), F1 S x H cows (SH), S x H cows of low percentage H (SHS), S x H cows of high percentage H (HSH), F1 A x H cows (AH), A x H cows of low percentage H (AHA) and A x H cows of high percentage H (HAH). Straightbred H and crossbred SH, AH, SHS and AHA cows were mated to H bulls, …
Characterization Of Hereford And Two-Breed Rotational Crosses Of Hereford With Angus And Simmental Cattle: Calf Production Through Weaning, D.M. Marshall, M. D. Monfore, C. A. Dinkel
Characterization Of Hereford And Two-Breed Rotational Crosses Of Hereford With Angus And Simmental Cattle: Calf Production Through Weaning, D.M. Marshall, M. D. Monfore, C. A. Dinkel
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
Cow size, reproductive traits and calf performance through weaning were evaluated in a range environment for Simmental (S) x Hereford (H) and Angus (A) x H crosses in two-breed rotations and straightbred H. Data were grouped into seven dam breed categories: straightbred Hereford (H), crossbred F1 S x H cows (SH), S x H cows of low percentage H (SHS), S x H cows of high percentage H (HSH), F1 A x H cows (AH), A x H cows of low percentage H (AHA) and A x H cows of high percentage H (HAH). Hereford, SH, AH, SHS and AHA …
Relationship Of Relative Calving Date Of Beef Heifers To Production Efficiency And Subsequent Reproductive Performance, D.M. Marshall, W. Minqiang, B. A. Freking
Relationship Of Relative Calving Date Of Beef Heifers To Production Efficiency And Subsequent Reproductive Performance, D.M. Marshall, W. Minqiang, B. A. Freking
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
Relative date of first calving of beef heifers was studied in relation to production efficiency and subsequent reproductive performance. Crossbred heifers were managed in drylot for 1 year, providing for measurement of feed intake through weaning of the first calf. Production traits were evaluated by calving group (CG), where CG1 included records of heifers calving (and calves born) in the first 21 days of the calving season for a particular year, CG2 included those calving from 22 through 42 days and CG3 included those calving after 42 days. Calving groups did not differ significantly for preweaning calf average daily gain, …
Effect Of Dietary Energy Source On Age And Weight At Puberty Of Beef Heifers, G. A. Wilcox, R. J. Pruitt, P. A. Momont, R. H. Pritchard
Effect Of Dietary Energy Source On Age And Weight At Puberty Of Beef Heifers, G. A. Wilcox, R. J. Pruitt, P. A. Momont, R. H. Pritchard
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
Forty-four Angus and Simmental sired crossbred heifers were fed two diets of differing composition (high forage or high concentrate). Diets were fed to achieve the same average daily gain to evaluate the effect of energy source on age and weight at puberty. Age at puberty, conception rate, pregnancy rate, weight at puberty, glucose and insulin were not significantly different between treatments.
Estrous Synchronization Of Heifers Using Mga And Prostaglandin: Ranch Results, T. B. Goehring
Estrous Synchronization Of Heifers Using Mga And Prostaglandin: Ranch Results, T. B. Goehring
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
total of 315 yearling heifers were exposed to an estrous synchronization program which consisted of feeding MGA for 14 consecutive days (.5 mg per head per day), followed by a prostaglandin injection 17 days after the last day of MGA feeding. Two hundred forty-seven (78%) of the heifers were detected in heat and artifically inseminated within 5 days after the prostagllandin injection. Response rate ranged from 75 to 84% between ranches and years.
Comparison Of Melengestrol Acetate And Prostaglandin With Two Injections Of Prostaglandin For Estrous Synchronization In Beef Heifers, H. L. Miller, J. J. Wagner, R. L. Hanson
Comparison Of Melengestrol Acetate And Prostaglandin With Two Injections Of Prostaglandin For Estrous Synchronization In Beef Heifers, H. L. Miller, J. J. Wagner, R. L. Hanson
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
Crossbred beef heifers were used to compare conception rate when synchronizing estrus with melengestrol acetate (MGA) and prostaglandin or two injections of prostaglandin. Melengestrol acetate was fed to one group of heifers for 16 days and prostaglandin injected 16 days after MGA removal or two injections of prostaglandin given 11 days apart in the other group. The MGA group had a higher conception rate (Pc.05) to timed Al, but there was no difference between the two groups for the breeding season. It appears MGA with prostaglandin results in increased conception to a timed insemination.
Evaluation Of Controlled Release Chromic Oxide Boluses And Alkaline Peroxide Lignin As Marker Methods To Determine Forage Intake Of Grazing Ruminants, P.A. Momont, R. J. Pruitt, R. H. Pritchard
Evaluation Of Controlled Release Chromic Oxide Boluses And Alkaline Peroxide Lignin As Marker Methods To Determine Forage Intake Of Grazing Ruminants, P.A. Momont, R. J. Pruitt, R. H. Pritchard
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
Twenty Hampshire ram lambs used in a digestibility trial were administered controlled release chromic oxide intraruminal boluses to evaluate chromic oxide and alkaline peroxide lignin in combination as potential markers for determining intake of ruminants grazing dormant winter range. Lambs were fed ad libitum mature prairie grass hay and provided .1 Ib crude protein from one of four supplements. The ability to predict fecal output using chromic oxide boluses and diet digestibility using alkaline peroxide lignin were not affected by supplemental treatments. Chromic oxide concentration in the feces was not affected by the time of sampling. The amount of chromium …
Effect Of Methionine, Leucine And Isovaleric Acid On In Vitro Digestibility Of Corn Stover, B. J. Johnson, P. A. Momont, R. J. Pruitt
Effect Of Methionine, Leucine And Isovaleric Acid On In Vitro Digestibility Of Corn Stover, B. J. Johnson, P. A. Momont, R. J. Pruitt
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
Two-stage in vitro fermentation was used to evaluate the amino acids methionine and leucine and a branched chain volatile fatty acid, isovaleric acid, as potential additives to a grain-urea supplement for cattle consuming corn stover. Dry matter and fiber digestibility were higher for the husks and leaves than the stalk portion of the corn plant. Providing urea as a source of nitrogen improved dry matter and fiber digestibility. There were no improvements in digestibility or fermentation rate with addition of the amino acids or volatile fatty acid evaluated
Effect Of Methionine Addition To A Urea-Grain Based Supplement On Digestibility Of Mature Prairie Grass Hay, P.A. Momont, R. J. Pruitt, R. H. Pritchard, P. S. Johnson
Effect Of Methionine Addition To A Urea-Grain Based Supplement On Digestibility Of Mature Prairie Grass Hay, P.A. Momont, R. J. Pruitt, R. H. Pritchard, P. S. Johnson
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
A digestibility trial was conducted to determine the effect of methionine addition to a grain-urea based supplement on the digestibility of mature prairie hay. Ad libitum hay supplemented with .I Ib supplemental crude protein from either a (1) soybean meal, (2) methionine + urea-grain, (3) sulfur + urea-grain or (4) urea-grain supplement was fed to 20 Hampshire ram lambs. Dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber disappearances tended to be higher with methionine or sulfur-urea supplements over urea alone. Diet digestibilities between soybean meal, - methionine and sulfur treatments were similar. Methionine increased apparent nitrogen digestibility of the …
Effects Of Amino Acid And Branched-Chain Volatile Fatty Acid Additions On In Vitro Fermentation Of Dormant Range Grasses, P.A. Momont, R.J. Pruitt, R. H. Pritchard, B. J. Johnson
Effects Of Amino Acid And Branched-Chain Volatile Fatty Acid Additions On In Vitro Fermentation Of Dormant Range Grasses, P.A. Momont, R.J. Pruitt, R. H. Pritchard, B. J. Johnson
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
Two-stage in vitro fermentation was used to screen five amino acids and three branched-chain volatile fatty acids as potential additions to a grain urea supplement for cows grazing dormant winter range. Urea addition alone increased dry matter and fiber digestibility of dormant cool season grasses. Methionine addition improved fiber digestibility and rate of fermentation of cool season grasses over urea alone. Compared to urea addition, the branched-chain volatile fatty acids did not increase dry matter or fiber disappearance or improve rate of fermentation of dormant range grasses. None of the buffer additions tested or urea increased digestibility of the dormant …
Alternate Day Supplementation Of High Escape Compared To Low Escape Protein Fed With Corn Stalks, R. M. Collins, R. H. Pritchard
Alternate Day Supplementation Of High Escape Compared To Low Escape Protein Fed With Corn Stalks, R. M. Collins, R. H. Pritchard
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
A study was conducted using four ruminally fistulated wethers to compare ruminal fermentation characteristics of corn gluten meal (high escape) and soybean meal (low escape) supplements to corn stalks. Supplements were fed at 24 or 48-hour intervals. Ruminal ammonia nitrogen (RNH3-N) concentrations were affected (P<.05) by treatment and treatment by hour interactions occurred. Soybean meal fed at 48- hour intervals (SBM48) resulted in the highest mean and peak RNH3-N concentrations, as expected due to the quantity of rumen degradable protein fed. Soybean meal fed at 24-hour intervals (SBM24) caused higher (P<.05) RNH3-N concentration than corn gluten meal fed at 24-hour intervals (CGM24) but not CGM48. Total VFA concentrations averaged over time were not affected (P> .I0) by type of protein supplement. Treatment by hour interactions were observed (Pc.05) for total VFA, because SBM24 resulted in higher VFA concentrations at several points in the 48-hour sampling period. The ratios of acetate:propionate: butyrate were similar, 74:18:7, 74:18:7, 74:18:8 and 74:18:8 for SBM24, SBM48, CGM24 and CGM48, respectively. Ruminal fluid pH values were …
Frost Damaged, Immature Soybeans For Ruminant Diets, J.A. Loesche, R. H. Pritchard, J. M. Reecy
Frost Damaged, Immature Soybeans For Ruminant Diets, J.A. Loesche, R. H. Pritchard, J. M. Reecy
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
The potential for including freeze damaged, immature soybeans (FDIS) into corn based diets for ruminant animals was evaluated in a series of experiments. No differences in feeding value were evident for FDlS and normal soybeans except due to oil content. Oil content of soybeans depressed dry matter and particularly fiber digestion of corn silage fed to lambs (Pe.05). Nitrogen digestion and retention were also reduced (Pe.10) by feeding raw soybeans. The effect on N utilization appeared to be due to trypsin inhibitor activity, since this did not occur when soybean meal + oil supplements were fed. Nitrogen, dry matter and …
Moderate Versus High Protein Diets For Finishing Yearling Steers, J.J. Wagner, R. Hansen
Moderate Versus High Protein Diets For Finishing Yearling Steers, J.J. Wagner, R. Hansen
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
Sixty-four yearling crossbred steers (864 Ib) were utilized to study moderate versus high protein finishing diets. Diets were formulated to contain 11.25 or 12.25% crude protein on a dry matter basis. Differences observed for all performance and carcass traits were not significant. Steers on the 11.25 and 12.25% crude protein diets consumed 22.29 and 22.26 Ib dry matter per head daily, gained 2.83 and 2.90 Ib per head daily and required 7.91 and 7.69 Ib dry matter per pound of gain, respectively. Diets formulated to contain 11.25% crude protein appear adequate for finishing heavy yearlings.
Effect Of Late Season Protein And Energy Supplementation On Performance Of Yearling Steers Grazing Mixed Native Range Or Cool Season, Crested Wheatgrass Pastures, J.J. Wagner, P.S. Johnson, J. Cantrell
Effect Of Late Season Protein And Energy Supplementation On Performance Of Yearling Steers Grazing Mixed Native Range Or Cool Season, Crested Wheatgrass Pastures, J.J. Wagner, P.S. Johnson, J. Cantrell
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
Seventy-two yearling, black baldy steers were utilized in a grazing experiment to study the effect of late summer, early fall protein (2.33 Ib., 40% all natural, fed each Monday, Wednesday and Friday) or energy (4.4 Ib. corn fed daily) supplementation on average daily gain. Two pasture types, mixed native range and crested wheatgrass, were also examined. Cattle were purchased in May as part of a larger group and gained an average of 2.16 Ib. per head daily prior to initiation of the study on September 9, 1988. Average daily gain was significantly greater (P = .012) for cattle grazing crested …
Hydrolyzed Feather Meal Supplementation For Lactating Range Cows, P.A. Momont, R.J. Pruitt, J. Cantrell
Hydrolyzed Feather Meal Supplementation For Lactating Range Cows, P.A. Momont, R.J. Pruitt, J. Cantrell
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
Sixty-eight cows calving in March and April grazing dormant winter range were used to evaluate hydrolyzed feather meal a protein supplement during early lactation. Within a week after calving cows were fed either a soybean meal or feather meal-corn supplement that provided approximately .83 Ib. crude protein per cow daily. Cow weight and condition score changes from calving until early May and percentage of cows cycling at the beginning of the breeding season in early June were similar between supplement groups. Calf average daily gains from birth until May were not affected by supplement fed to cows. In this study, …
Sdsu Purebred Beef Herds, R.J. Pruitt, R.M. Haigh, K.E. Vander Wal
Sdsu Purebred Beef Herds, R.J. Pruitt, R.M. Haigh, K.E. Vander Wal
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
A herd of purebred Angus and Simmental cows is maintained at the Cow-Calf Teaching and Research Unit near the SDSU campus that is used for teaching, research and extension activities. Cattle maintained at this unit are used for introductory animal science, meats, animal breeding, reproductive physiology, beef production and livestock evaluation courses. Current reproductive physiology research under the direction of Dr. Herley Miller is reported elsewhere in this publication. Besides use in the classroom, cattle are used for the annual SDSU Little International, field days and numerous 4-H, FFA and other educational events. In addition to providing research information and …
Interpreting Experimental Results, D.M. Marshall
Interpreting Experimental Results, D.M. Marshall
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
No abstract provided.
1989 South Dakota Beef Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University
1989 South Dakota Beef Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University
South Dakota Beef Report, 1989
This is the complete 1988 South Dakota Beef Report.