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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Report of progress (Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station); 291; Cattlemen's Day
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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Synchronization Of Estrus And Insemination Time In Beef Cows, M.D. Heekin, G.H. Kiracofe, R.R. Schalles, H.S. Ward
Synchronization Of Estrus And Insemination Time In Beef Cows, M.D. Heekin, G.H. Kiracofe, R.R. Schalles, H.S. Ward
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We used 76 cows to determine the effect of inseminating at different times after detecting estrus and to evaluate Synchronization B as an estrus synchronizing agent. Cows were divided into five groups: (1) nonsynchronized bred naturally; (2) nonsynchronized bred once a day approximately 12 to 24 hours after detecting estrus; (3) nonsynchronized bred twice a day approximately 12 hours after estrus; (4) synchronized bred once a day, and (5) synchronized bred twice a day. Synchronizing did not affect conception rate with twice-a-day breeding, but did with once-a-day breeding. Conception rates during the first 25 days of the breeding season were …
Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Different Cattle Types, H.D. Loveday, Dell M. Allen, Michael E. Dikeman
Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Different Cattle Types, H.D. Loveday, Dell M. Allen, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Different cattle types were evaluated for growth, feed efficiency, and carcass and meat traits. Hereford (H), Angus (A), Red Poll (RP), Brown Swiss (BS), Gelbvieh (G), Maine Anjou (MA) and Chianina sires were mated artificially to Angus and Hereford cows to obtain different crossbred (X) cattle types. Two calf crops were born in March, April, and May of 1973, and 1974, and weaned when 200 days old. All male calves (787) were castrated, fed out and slaughtered in a commercial plant. Carcasses were graded in the cooler and the right side was transported to KSU for detailed cutout and meat …
Weaning Calves’ Response To A Medicated Top Dressing, A.A. Fleck, R.R. Schalles, Jack G. Riley, G. Fink, D.S. O' Banion
Weaning Calves’ Response To A Medicated Top Dressing, A.A. Fleck, R.R. Schalles, Jack G. Riley, G. Fink, D.S. O' Banion
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Adding a medicated top dressing to a weaning calf ration did not reduce calf sickness, but increased weight gains the second and third weeks of a three-week weaning trial.
In Vitro Digestibility Of Flint Hill Rangeland Forages, J.E. Umoh, L.H. Harbers, E.F. Smith, J. Whitney, Don Boggs
In Vitro Digestibility Of Flint Hill Rangeland Forages, J.E. Umoh, L.H. Harbers, E.F. Smith, J. Whitney, Don Boggs
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We used an in vitro digestibility technique to determine the nutritive value of predominately native bluestem forage on burned and nonburned Flint Hills pastures. We also collected forage samples via esophageal fistulas to get what the animals consumed while grazing selectively. Summary Dry matter (DM) digestibilities for 11 months by both techniques followed changes in climatic conditions. The lowest DM digestibility averaged about 65% in October, 1975, and June, 1976; the highest (about 80%) was between February and March 1976. The grass selected by animals was usually more digestible than that harvested by hand. However, in vitro digestibility of the …
Wheat, Barley, Oat And Corn Silage Rations For Growing Steers, K. Bolsen, J. Oltjen, Jack G. Riley
Wheat, Barley, Oat And Corn Silage Rations For Growing Steers, K. Bolsen, J. Oltjen, Jack G. Riley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Eleven wheat, barley, oat and corn silages were evaluated in two steers growing trials in 1975 and 1976. In both trials, steers fed barley or corn silages had similar rate and efficiency of gains. Also, barley and corn silages supported greater performance than any of the seven wheat or oat silages. In the 1976 trial steers fed Trio or Lodi oat silage had the lowest feed consumption and made the slowest and least efficient gains. For an average of the two trials barley and corn silages had similar feeding values. Wheat silages had 90 and 80% the relative feeding value …
Milo Stover, Forage Sorghum And Alfalfa Silages For Growing Heifers, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley, C. Grimes
Milo Stover, Forage Sorghum And Alfalfa Silages For Growing Heifers, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley, C. Grimes
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Ninety heifer calves were used to compare six rations containing various combinations of milo stover, forage sorghum and alfalfa silages. In the 96-day trial, heifers fed 100% forage sorghum silage outperformed heifers fed 100% milo stover silage. Adding forage sorghum or alfalfa silage to the 100% milo stover silage ration improved rate and efficiency of gain. Observed gains and efficiencies for the 67% milo stover + 33% forage sorghum and for the 33% milo stover + 67% forage sorghum silage rations exceeded predicted gains and efficiencies an average of 10.7% and 11.5%, respectively.
Sources Of Roughage And Milo For Finishing Steers, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley
Sources Of Roughage And Milo For Finishing Steers, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Steers fed corn silage gained significantly (P<.05) faster than steers fed any other roughage. Wheat silage ranked second with gains significantly (P<.05) more than gains from milo stover silage, alfalfa hay or corn silage-alfalfa hay combination. Corn silage also produced the most efficient gains, which were significantly (P<.05) more efficient than gains from milo stover silage. Feeding 100% of the grain portion of finishing ratinos as high moisture milo resulted in 13% faster (P<.05) and 13% more efficient (P<.05) gains than feeding equal parts of high moisture milo and dry rolled milo.
Animal Performance Changes Related To Time On Feed, A. Chestnut, B.E. Brent
Animal Performance Changes Related To Time On Feed, A. Chestnut, B.E. Brent
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We are developing mathematical models to show how feed intake, rate of gain, and feed efficiency change during the finishing period. When finished, the models might be used to predict when to sell cattle to maximize profit or minimize loss, to plan feed inventories, or to predict when animals have reached a desired grade.
Forage Intake As One Estimate Of The Nutritive Value Of Flint Hills Rangeland Forage, J.E. Umoh, L.H. Harbers, E.F. Smith
Forage Intake As One Estimate Of The Nutritive Value Of Flint Hills Rangeland Forage, J.E. Umoh, L.H. Harbers, E.F. Smith
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Forage intake was used as an estimate of the nutritive value of Flint Hills pastures. The organic matter intake (OMI) ranged from 16.3 lb. to 22.05 lb. (7.40 to 10.0 kg) between June-August, 1976, and there was no clear difference between the burned and nonburned pastures. Intake seems to fluctuate with maturity of grass, digestibility, and as grazing season progresses. More data are still needed for computing the nutritive value of Flint Hill pastures.
Sire Breed Effects On Economic Efficiency Of A Terminal-Cross Beef Production System, G.M. Smith, Michael E. Dikeman
Sire Breed Effects On Economic Efficiency Of A Terminal-Cross Beef Production System, G.M. Smith, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This article was abstracted from a manuscript by Gerald H. Smith, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska which appeared in the December, 1976, issue of the Journal of Animal Science. The carcass and meats research data for the study were coordinated by Dr. Michael E. Dikeman, Kansas State University, so permission was granted to present results of that study here. Performance and carcass characteristics of the cattle were presented in the 1975 Cattlemen's Day Report.
Selecting For Feed Conversion, R.R. Schalles, J.K. Blum, W.H. Smith
Selecting For Feed Conversion, R.R. Schalles, J.K. Blum, W.H. Smith
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Selecting animals for decreased feed per unit of gain has made small changes in feed conversion over a four-year period. Adjusting for maintenance requirements by using mid weight to 0.75 power was not entirely satisfactory as that ignores differences in growth patterns. Favorable genetic relationships were found between feed conversion and most other economically important traits, especially yearling growth traits.
Characteristics Of Beef Finished On Selected Feeding Regimes, Dell M. Allen, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, G. Gutowski, A. Harrison, M.E. Smith, Curtis L. Kastner
Characteristics Of Beef Finished On Selected Feeding Regimes, Dell M. Allen, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, G. Gutowski, A. Harrison, M.E. Smith, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Thirty-eight crossbred steers of known background were randomly assigned to four feeding regimes. All initially were fed on a brome and bluestem pasture supplemented during winter with alfalfa and protein. Ten grass-fed animals were slaughtered directly off pasture at the end of summer. Ten steers were fed an additional 49 days (short-fed), and eight 98 days (long-fed) on 80 percent concentrate and 20 percent corn silage. In addition, ten silage-fed animals were fed 60 percent corn silage and 40 percent concentrate for 98 days. Carcass characteristics were evaluated along with shear force (tenderness) and taste panel responses.
Conception Rates In Synchronized Heifers Bred At Various Times After Onset Of Estrus, R.C. Debenedetti, G.H. Kiracofe, H.S. Ward, R.M. Mckee
Conception Rates In Synchronized Heifers Bred At Various Times After Onset Of Estrus, R.C. Debenedetti, G.H. Kiracofe, H.S. Ward, R.M. Mckee
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred seven of 112 heifers were in estrus 1 to 5 days after an injection of prostaglandin F2αgiven when a 7-day synchronization implant was removed. Checks for estrus were made every four hours and heifers were bred 6, 10, 14, 18, 22, or 26 hours after being detected in estrus. Eight heifers were not bred on schedule. Sixty-seven of 99 (67.7%) bred on schedule conceived to first artificial insemination. Conception rates were similar in heifers bred 6 to 26 hours after being detected in estrus, no differences were noted in conception rates between A.M. and P.M. breedings.
Results Of Kansas Demonstrations On Implanting Suckling Calves And Yearlings, L. Corah, F. Schwartz, F. Brazle, T. Orwig, G. Francis
Results Of Kansas Demonstrations On Implanting Suckling Calves And Yearlings, L. Corah, F. Schwartz, F. Brazle, T. Orwig, G. Francis
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
To encourage greater use of implants in beef cattle industry in Kansas, 62 implant demonstrations were conducted in 31 different counties in Kansas. 1,402 implanted suckling calves gained an average of 15.1 pounds more than 694 non-implanted calves. In 19 yearling trials, 616 implanted yearling steers and heifers gained 20.0 pounds more than 365 yearlings. The results suggest utilizing implants as a regular management practice for suckling steer calves and yearling steers and heifers.
Response Of Yearling Steers To Burning And Fertilizing Bluestem Pasture And Intensively Stocking Early, E.F. Smith, L.H. Harbers, Clenton E. Owensby, Don Boggs
Response Of Yearling Steers To Burning And Fertilizing Bluestem Pasture And Intensively Stocking Early, E.F. Smith, L.H. Harbers, Clenton E. Owensby, Don Boggs
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Six pastures totaling 328 acres were summer grazed by yearling steers. Four pastures were burned April 23, 1976; two were not burned. One of the burned pastures had 40 lbs. of nitrogen per acre applied aerially April 29, 1976. Another burned pasture was stocked at twice the normal rate (intensively stocked early) from April 28 to July 15. The other pastures were stocked from April 28 to October 6, 1976.
Induced Calving In Beef Cattle, V. Hultine, G.H. Kiracofe, R.R. Schalles, R.M. Mckee, R.C. Debenedetti
Induced Calving In Beef Cattle, V. Hultine, G.H. Kiracofe, R.R. Schalles, R.M. Mckee, R.C. Debenedetti
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Calving was induced in 26 of 29 Polled Hereford cows that were injected between 271 and 287 days of gestation intramuscularly with 20 mgs. Of dexamethasone (Azium) and 10 mgs. ECP (estradiol cypionate). Oxytocin, give to cows that had not calved by 40 hours after dexamthasone injection, shortened the average interval to calving (15.4 hours if returned to pasture, 16.1 if in confinement compared with 32.6 hours with no oxytocin). Three cows did not respond to treatment. ECP did not reduce retained placentas; 77% of the cows induced to calve retained membranes.
Early Weaning And Creep Feeding Calves In Drylot, K. Kimple, M. Mckee, G. Fink, K. Conway
Early Weaning And Creep Feeding Calves In Drylot, K. Kimple, M. Mckee, G. Fink, K. Conway
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Performances of 125 commercial Hereford-cross and percentage Simmental calves were evaluated by comparing early weaning at 50 days of age (+25), nursing calves receiving a creep in drylot, and calves nursing in drylot without creep. Both a starter and growing creep were tested. Early weaned calves gained more (261 lbs., 299 lbs.) than either creep fed (251 lbs., 277 lbs.) or noncreep fed (107 lbs., 125 lbs.) calves during the 107-day trial. The best combined energy efficiency of dam and calf was for the early weaned group, and dams of early weaned calves began cycling sooner in the breeding season.
Forage And Grain Yields Of Barley, Wheat And Oats, K. Bolsen, W. Moore
Forage And Grain Yields Of Barley, Wheat And Oats, K. Bolsen, W. Moore
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Interest in small cereal grain silages for beef cattle has increased in recent years. Two years' research at this station (Prog. Rpt. 262) has shown: (1) winter barley and winter wheat had similar forage yields and (2) forage yields were highest in the dough stage of plant growth and lowest in the boot stage. In this trial, we continued to measure effects of type and variety of cereal grain on forage and grain yields.
Forage And Grain Sorghum Double-Cropped Following Harvest Of Small Grain Silages, Gerry L. Posler, K. Bolsen
Forage And Grain Sorghum Double-Cropped Following Harvest Of Small Grain Silages, Gerry L. Posler, K. Bolsen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The attempt to increase total forage TDN per acre by double-cropping was only moderately successful in 1975 and 1976. Limiting factors were relatively poor stands and extremely dry summer growing seasons.
Feeding Monensin To Yearling Cattle On Summer Grass, F. Schwartz, E. Smith, Jack G. Riley, L. Corah
Feeding Monensin To Yearling Cattle On Summer Grass, F. Schwartz, E. Smith, Jack G. Riley, L. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two grazing trials conducted at different locations in Kansas evaluated feeding Monensin to grazing yearling cattle. In one trial Monensin was fed with and without implant treatments of diethylstilbestrol or Ralgro. Monensin increased weight gain on summer grass; diethylstilbestrol and Ralgro implants also increased weight gains, and the combination of Monensin with either implant was more effective than Monensin alone.
Large-Package And Ensiled Milo Stover For Maintaining Pregnant Cows, K. Kimple, M. Mckee, G. Fink
Large-Package And Ensiled Milo Stover For Maintaining Pregnant Cows, K. Kimple, M. Mckee, G. Fink
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred-two mature Simmental and Hereford cows in mid to late gestation were used to compare three maintenance rations during an 83-day trial: (1) milo stover silage, (2) large package milo stover (stacks and bales), and (3) forage sorghum silage. Each breed was represented by a pen of 17 cows in each of the forage groups. Cows fed forage sorghum silage gained significantly more than cows on other rations. Cows receiving milo stover silage lost heavily early because amounts were inadequate. They gained when stover silage was increased. Cows fed ad libitum on dry milo stover lost weight during the …
A New Tool For Evaluating Forages, L.H. Harbers, F.K. Brazle, Clenton E. Owensby
A New Tool For Evaluating Forages, L.H. Harbers, F.K. Brazle, Clenton E. Owensby
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The scanning electron microscope has been used to observe the digestion of alfalfa hay and warm- and cool-season grasses. Photomicrographs show that leaves of all species are digested by bacteria and protozoa attacking either the upper part of the leaf or exposed edges; lower leaf surfaces are never attacked. Intake of a forage depends on how rapidly rumen bacteria and protozoa can enter the upper leaf surface and digest underlying material (mesophyll) leaving most of the highly lignified nutrient-carrying vessels (vascular tissue) undigested.
Micronized Corn And Urea-Liquid Supplements In Growing Rations For Calves, K. Bolsen, Leslie J. Chyba, W. Ibbetson
Micronized Corn And Urea-Liquid Supplements In Growing Rations For Calves, K. Bolsen, Leslie J. Chyba, W. Ibbetson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
In growing rations containing fescue hay, micronized corn + urea-liquid gave: (1) 20.5% faster gains and 11.5% more efficient gains than cracked corn + urea-liquid and (2) similar rate and efficiency of gains as cracked corn + soybean meal.
Operational Procedures Of Kansas Feedyards, L. Koons, Jack G. Riley
Operational Procedures Of Kansas Feedyards, L. Koons, Jack G. Riley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Twenty-four Kansas feedyards with 432,000 head capacity participated in a survey on operation procedures. The survey covered five areas: processing, animal health, rations, facilities, and marketing. Methods differed most in processing and starter-ration ingredients.
Value Of Sprinkling Feedlot Cattle During Heat, D.R. Ames, C. Willms
Value Of Sprinkling Feedlot Cattle During Heat, D.R. Ames, C. Willms
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Four lots of growing-finishing cattle were sprinkled when dry bulb temperature exceeded 80 F the summer of 1976 and compared with lots not sprinkled. Sprinkled lots gained significantly (P<.01) more (1.20 kg per day compared with 1.04) (2.64 vs. 2.29 lbs.) than controls. Sprinkling also improved feed efficiency (F/G).
Sources Of Supplemental Protein For Cows Wintered On Milo Stubble, M. Mckee, K. Kimple, K. Conway
Sources Of Supplemental Protein For Cows Wintered On Milo Stubble, M. Mckee, K. Kimple, K. Conway
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We used 63 pregnant Hereford cows in mid gestation to evaluate need and source of supplemental protein on milo stubble. Cows fed free choice a 16% experimental nonprotein-nitrogen-based liquid supplement lost significantly more weight than cows receiving 2 lbs/head/day of a 16% natural protein cube or cows getting no protein supplement. Cows with access free choice to an 18% commercial nonprotein-nitrogen-based liquid supplement lost significantly more than cows receiving 2 lbs/head/day of 16% natural protein cube.
Testosterone-Treated Cows To Aid In Heat Detection, G.N. Laaser, G.H. Kiracofe
Testosterone-Treated Cows To Aid In Heat Detection, G.N. Laaser, G.H. Kiracofe
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Eight cull Hereford cows were given 200-mg. injections of testosterone proprionate repository (Haver-Lockhart, Shawnee, KS) every other day for 20 days (10 injections). Four cows were given weekly booster injections with the same testosterone proprionate; the other four were injected every three weeks with testosterone enanthate (sigma Chemical Co., St. Lois, MO.). Each cow was equipped with a chin-ball marker and each was used to detect heat in other cows. The detection period lasted approximately 45 days. Testosterone-treated cows served satisfactorily as heat detectors; those given boosters of testosterone proprionate marked more cows in heat than those given testosterone enanthate.
Micronized Milo, Urea And Prairie Hay For Growing Beef Heifers, K. Bolsen, J. Oltjen, Jack G. Riley
Micronized Milo, Urea And Prairie Hay For Growing Beef Heifers, K. Bolsen, J. Oltjen, Jack G. Riley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Twenty-four individually fed heifers were used 1n two heifer trials to evaluate four combinations of micronized or dry-rolled milo and soybean meal or urea supplements 1n prairie hay growing rations. Feeding 4 to 5 lbs. of micronized milo produced an average of 17% faster and 16% more efficient gains than feeding 4 to 5 lbs. of dry-rolled milo.
Effect Of Monensin On Performance Of Finishing Steers, D. Tobyne, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley
Effect Of Monensin On Performance Of Finishing Steers, D. Tobyne, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We used 72 Hereford and Hereford x Angus cross yearling steers to further evaluate 200 mg Monensin (trade name Rumensin) per head daily. Monensin improved gain 6.7% and significantly improved efficiency, 12.3%.
Effect Of Using One Versus Two Growth Promoting Implants On The Gains Of Nursing Calves, L.R. Corah, M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles
Effect Of Using One Versus Two Growth Promoting Implants On The Gains Of Nursing Calves, L.R. Corah, M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred twenty-seven suckling calves were allotted to one of three treatments: (1) Control group - not implanted (2) Implanted (Ralgro) once during sucking period (3) Implanted (Ralgro) twice during sucking period - at average age of 44 days and 70 days later Using one Ralgro implant improved the weight at weaning by 8.4 pounds, while re-implanting, thus utilizing two implants during the suckling phase, resulted in an extra 43.0 pounds.