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Annex 3: Definition Of 'Tax' In Us Law, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah Jan 2005

Annex 3: Definition Of 'Tax' In Us Law, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah

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Under US law, a tax is defined as a compulsory payment pursuant to the authority of a foreign country to levy taxes. While this definition is somewhat circular, it does require (i) a payment, (ii) that is not voluntary,(iii) to a foreign country, (iv) pursuant to its authority to levy taxes


Closing The International Tax Gap, Joseph Guttentag, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah Jan 2005

Closing The International Tax Gap, Joseph Guttentag, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah

Book Chapters

In July of 1999, the Justice Department entered into a plea bargain with one John M. Mathewson of San Antonio, Texas. Mr. Mathewson was accused of money laundering through the Guardian Bank and Trust Co. Ltd., a Cayman Islands bank. Mr. Mathewson was chairman and controlling shareholder of Guardian, and in that capacity had access to information on its depositors. In return for a reduced sentence, Mr. Mathewson turned over the names of the persons who had accounts at Guardian. The result was an eye-opener: The majority of the accounts were beneficially owned by U.S. citizens, and the reason they …