Law and Economics Commons^™

Tying And Bundled Discounts: An Equilibrium Analysis Of Antitrust Liability Tests, Melanie S. Williams

Melanie S. Williams

Courts have struggled with determining when bundled discounts constitute unlawfully anticompetitive behavior. The current circuit split reflects an absence of consensus. This lack of legal guidance creates uncertainty in the market, with firms being given inconsistent – and sometimes contradictory - standards on how to avoid antitrust liability.

For the most part, we consider a standard paradigm for analyzing bundled discounts. Suppose that there are two firms. Firm 1 produces a monopoly product, A, and also another product, B, which competes with another version of B produced by Firm 2. The concern is the extent to which the price paid …

Take It To The Limit: The Illegal Regulation Prohibiting The Take Of Any Threatened Species Under The Endangered Species Act, Jonathan Wood

Jonathan Wood

The Endangered Species Act forbids the “take” – any activity that adversely affects – any member of an endangered species, but only endangered species. The statute also provides for the listing of threatened species, i.e. species that may become endangered, but protects them only by requiring agencies to consider the impacts of their projects on them. Shortly after the statute was adopted, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and National Marine Fisheries Service reversed Congress’ policy choice by adopting a regulation that forbids the take of any threatened species. The regulation is not authorized by the Endangered Species Act, but …

Bridgefunding Is Crowdfunding For Startups Across The Private Equity Gap, Seth C. Oranburg

Seth C Oranburg

Title III of the JOBS Act of 2012, which attempts to encourage entrepreneurship by allowing startups and small business to sell stock to the general public over the Internet through “crowdfunding,” is completely backwards. Its ceiling should be a floor—the $1 million limit should be inverted. By capping startups at raising $1 million from crowdfunding, the JOBS Act does not address the private equity gap, a fundamental problem in startup markets, and exposes unsophisticated investors to risk and fraud. This Article presents a regulatory framework premised on “bridgefunding,” an approach that this article develops to protect new investors by encouraging …

Cooling-Off Periods And The Law [En Español] Periodos En Enfriamiento Y El Derecho, Daniel A. Monroy

Daniel A Monroy C

No abstract provided.

Regulatory Institutions Of The Global South: Why Are They Different And What Can Be Done About It?, Yugank Goyal

Yugank Goyal

Developing countries suffer from underperforming regulatory agencies compared to those in the developed world. The paper attempts to theorize general reasons behind such divergence. It argues that the differences lie in developing countries’ (a) higher priorities for redistribution, (b) structurally different institutional endowments, especially at informal level, and (c) limited informational channels. The paper proposes that a multi-stakeholder (with increased emphasis on judiciary and civil society) approach has potential to address the shortcomings. It tests these claims through studying cases of telecom and electricity regulation in India.

Revenue Adequacy: The Good, The Bad And The Ugly, John W. Mayo

John W Mayo

Abstract: The concept of “revenue adequacy” made its way into the legal governance of the rail industry prior to the industry’s substantial deregulation via the Staggers Rail Act in 1980. This seemingly quiet feature of rail legislation has, however, increasingly grown central to the regulatory-deregulatory fault line in the 21st century rail industry. This paper examines the concept of revenue adequacy, a benchmark of United States railroad firms' financial performance calculated annually by regulatory oversight bodies. The paper addresses questions around the origins, measurement, informational provisions, value and policy benefits and costs of revenue adequacy. An examination of the historical …

El Principio De Precaución En La Jurisprudencia Constitucional Colombiana: Incertidumbre Científica Y Omisiones Selectivas, Camilo Ossa, Daniel Monroy

Camilo Ossa

En el presente artículo se propone hacer una lectura crítica al principio de precaución, buscando profundizar, de manera específica, algunas cuestiones que minan el equilibrio del principio como instrumento guía para la toma decisiones de quien corresponde tomarlas. Así, el artículo está estructurado en dos partes, (i) por un lado se aborda la cuestión teórica, desarrollando la concepción que, en la doctrina, se tiene frente al principio, teniendo en cuenta dos aspectos esenciales como son: las implicaciones que supone afronta la “incertidumbre científica”, elemento fundamental del principio; y, la defensa de la tesis según la cual en muchos casos la …

Curb Your Enthusiasm For Pigouvian Taxes, Victor Fleischer

Victor Fleischer

Pigouvian (or "corrective") taxes have been proposed or enacted on dozens of products and activities that may be harmful in excess: carbon, gasoline, fat, sugar, guns, cigarettes, alcohol, traffic, zoning, executive pay, and financial transactions, among others. Academics of all political stripes are mystified by the public’s inability to see the merits of using Pigouvian taxes more frequently to address serious social harms.

This enthusiasm for Pigouvian taxes should be tempered. A Pigouvian tax is easy to design—as a uniform excise tax—if one assumes that each individual causes the same amount of harm with each incremental increase in activity on …

Nuevo Sistema De Amparo, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

A Negative Externality By Any Other Name: Using Emissions Caps As Models For Constraining Dead-Weight Costs Of Regulation, Scott A. Shepard

Scott A. Shepard

Emissions caps work on a simple and compelling premise. Regulated entities, in the process of creating something desirable, like energy, create and expel some problematic by-product, such as carbon. They do this because they particularly reap a significant set of benefits (e.g., profits, market share, job security) from their efforts, while only diffusely and incidentally, along with the rest of society, suffering the harms caused by their emissions. These emissions, paid for primarily by the rest of society, are called negative externalities. Emissions-cap regimes are designed to make regulated entities more directly accountable for the costs of their emissions and …

Reguladores Y Autonomía, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

Artículo 129 Fracción Xiii, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

Incentivos Y Más Incentivos, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

Hacer (Bien) Las Reformas, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

Protocolo De Madrid, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

Expropiaciones, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

Arreglos Institucionales De Los Órganos De Mejora Regulatoria: Una Propuesta De Reforma Para La Cofemer, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

Iniciativa Anticorrupción, ¿Paso Firme?, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

North Dakota Expertise: A Chance To Lead In Economically And Environmentally Sustainable Hydraulic Fracturing, Joshua P. Fershee

Joshua P Fershee

North Dakota is uniquely, and largely favorably, situated to benefit from hydraulic fracturing, and has already reaped many such benefits. During the recent economic crisis, North Dakota’s housing market has been stable, unemployment has been remarkably low, and the state has maintained a strong and increasing budget surplus at a time when many states were operating budget deficits. But these benefits have not come without some costs.

This Article seeks to put the current North Dakota oil boom in context and help provide a path for developing legislative and regulatory policies that prolong and reinforce sustainable and beneficial oil development. …

Diseño Institucional De Órganos Reguladores En México, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

The French Strategic Investment Fund: A Creative Approach To Complement Swf Regulation Or Mere Protectionism?, Jean-Rodolphe W. Fiechter Ll.M.

Jean-Rodolphe W. Fiechter

Sovereign Wealth Funds Regulation and Protectionism: Is the French Fonds Stratégique d’Investissement (FSI) a creative way of complementing the existing review mechanism or is it just another protectionist device? We come to the conclusion that although the FSI is an instrument of economic patriotism, it does not insulate France from the globalized world. It can even be seen as a good instrument to achieve SWF regulation.

Organos Reguladores En México: Fragilidades Y Áreas De Oportunidad, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

Inversión Extranjera En Paquetería, Mensajería Y Transporte De Carga: ¿Resistencia O Estado De Derecho?, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

Fortalecer A Los Reguladores: Cambiando Las Reglas Del Juego En México (Presentación Libro), Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

Fortalecer A Los Reguladores, Cambiando Las Reglas Del Juego En México, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

Inducing Corporate Compliance: A Law And Economics Analysis Of Corporate Liability Regimes By Sharon Oded: Discussion, Carlo Drago

Carlo Drago

No abstract provided.

Problemas Con La Desregulación "Base Cero", Boletín De La Red Mexicana De Competencia Y Regulación Del Cidac, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

The Tyranny Of The Multitude Is A Multiplied Tyranny: Is The United States Financial Regulatory Structure Undermining U.S. Competitiveness?, Elizabeth F. Brown

Elizabeth F Brown

This Article examines whether the U.S. regulatory structure undermined U.S. competitiveness with foreign financial markets, particularly the United Kingdom's markets.

Neutral Investment Revisited, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.

Major Expropriation Case Decided By The Mexican Supreme Court Of Justice, The Due Process Requirement And Its Correlation With International Treaties, Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

Alejandro Faya Rodriguez

No abstract provided.