Law and Economics Commons^™

3d Printing And Healthcare: Will Laws, Lawyers, And Companies Stand In The Way Of Patient Care?, Evan R. Youngstrom

Evan R. Youngstrom

Today, our society is on a precipice of significant advancement in healthcare because 3D printing will usher in the next generation of medicine. The next generation will be driven by customization, which will allow doctors to replace limbs and individualize drugs. However, the next generation will be without large pharmaceutical companies and their justifications for strong intellectual property rights. However, the current patent system (which is underpinned by a social tradeoff made from property incentives) is not flexible enough to cope with 3D printing’s rapid development. Very soon, the social tradeoff will no longer benefit society, so it must be …

Essential Facilities Doctrine And China’S Anti-Monopoly Law, Yong Huang, Elizabeth Xiao-Ru Wang, Xin Roger Zhang

Elizabeth Xiao-Ru Wang

No abstract provided.

Virtual Currencies: Bitcoin & What Now After Liberty Reserve, Silk Road, And Mt. Gox?, Lawrence J. Trautman

Lawrence J. Trautman Sr.

During 2013, the U.S. Treasury Department evoked the first use of the 2001 Patriot Act to exclude virtual currency provider Liberty Reserve from the U.S. financial system. This article will discuss: the regulation of virtual currencies; cybercrimes and payment systems; darknets, Tor and the “deep web;” Bitcoin; Liberty Reserve; Silk Road and Mt. Gox. Virtual currencies have quickly become a reality, gaining significant traction in a very short period of time, and are evolving rapidly. Virtual currencies present particularly difficult law enforcement challenges because of their: ability to transcend national borders in the fraction of a second; unique jurisdictional issues; …

Goodwill Appropriation As A Distinct Theory Of Trademark Liability: A Study On The Misappropriation Rationale In Trademark And Unfair Competition Law, Apostolos Chronopoulos

Apostolos Chronopoulos

Contemporary analysis of trademark rights rests on the premise that consumer confusion constitutes the primary, if not the sole, rational basis for awarding legal protection. Dilution theory has gradually come to be considered an almost undesired exception to the general rule of confusion-based liability and has been continuously shrinking in scope of application. Trademarks are viewed mainly as an offspring of the law against passing-off. Property rights in trademarks are acceptable to the extent that they vindicate interests of consumers in making informed decisions. Rights-holder interests recognized by trademark law should, accordingly, be merely a reflex of protecting consumers from …

Waging War On Specialty Pharmaceutical Tiering In Pharmacy Benefit Design, Chad I. Brooker

Chad I Brooker

Specialty drugs represent a growing concern for both health insurance issuers and beneficiaries given their exceedingly high (and growing) costs—representing almost half of all drug spend by 2017. Payers have sought to reduce their specialty drug spend by sharing more of the cost of these drugs with the beneficiaries who depend on them through the creation of specialty drug tiers. This has forced some patients to choose between forgoing other needs to pay for their medications or not take them at all. While several states have sought to outlaw the use of specialty drug tiers or limit pharmaceutical OOP cost-sharing, …

Rescuing Access To Patented Essential Medicines: Pharmaceutical Companies As Tortfeasors Under The Prevented Rescue Tort Theory, Richard Cameron Gower

Richard Cameron Gower

Despite some difficulties, state tort law can be argued to create a unique exception to patent law. Specifically, the prevented rescue doctrine suggests that charities and others can circumvent patents on certain critical medications when such actions are necessary to save individuals from death or serious harm. Although this Article finds that the prevented rescue tort doctrines is preempted by federal patent law, all hope is not lost. A federal substantive due process claim may be brought that uses the common law to demonstrate a fundamental right that has long been protected by our Nation’s legal traditions. Moreover, this Article …

Presentación "El Procedimiento Administrativo", Norma E. Pimentel

Norma E Pimentel

Presentación al módulo 2

Copyright Freeconomics, John M. Newman

John M. Newman

Innovation has wreaked creative destruction on traditional content platforms. During the decade following Napster’s rise and fall, industry organizations launched litigation campaigns to combat the dramatic downward pricing pressure created by the advent of zero-price, copyright-infringing content. These campaigns attracted a torrent of debate, still ongoing, among scholars and stakeholders—but this debate has missed the forest for the trees. Industry organizations have abandoned litigation efforts, and many copyright owners now compete directly with infringing products by offering licit content at a price of $0.

This sea change has ushered in an era of “copyright freeconomics.” Drawing on an emerging body …

Surviving The America Invents Act’S Overhaul Of U.S. Patent Law - Startup And Small Business Perspectives, Ron D. Katznelson

Ron D. Katznelson

No abstract provided.

Rescuing Access To Patented Essential Medicines: Pharmaceutical Companies As Tortfeasors Under The Prevented Rescue Tort Theory, Richard Cameron Gower

Richard Cameron Gower

Despite some difficulties, state tort law can be argued to create a unique exception to patent law. Specifically, the prevented rescue doctrine suggests that charities and others can circumvent patents on certain critical medications when such actions are necessary to save individuals from death or serious harm. Although this Article finds that the prevented rescue tort doctrines is preempted by federal patent law, all hope is not lost. A federal substantive due process claim may be brought that uses the common law to demonstrate a fundamental right that has long been protected by our Nation’s legal traditions. Moreover, this Article …

Transparencia Y Anticorrupción, Primera Llamada De Peña, Norma E. Pimentel

Norma E Pimentel

No abstract provided.

El Rostro Público De La Propaganda Administrativa, Norma E. Pimentel

Norma E Pimentel

No abstract provided.

Cuando La Educación Sea Diferente, Norma E. Pimentel

Norma E Pimentel

No abstract provided.

¿Quién Fue El (La) Gran Ausente En El #Debate2012?, Norma E. Pimentel

Norma E Pimentel

Reflexión personal sobre el "debate" del día 06.05.2012

La Transparencia En La Protección De Datos Personales, Bruno L. Costantini García

Bruno L. Costantini García

La Transparencia en la Protección de Datos Personales, ponencia elaborada dentro de los trabajos del VII Congreso Nacional de Organismos Públicos Autónomos (OPAM)

Celebrando Un Año Más Del Día Internacional Del Trabajo, Norma E. Pimentel

Norma E Pimentel

No abstract provided.

Cultura De La Legalidad. Participación Ciudada En Transparencia, Norma E. Pimentel

Norma E Pimentel

No abstract provided.

Construyendo Cultura De La Legalidad Y Participación Ciudadana, Norma E. Pimentel

Norma E Pimentel

No abstract provided.

Las Leyes Como Parte Integrante Del Derecho, Norma E. Pimentel

Norma E Pimentel

No abstract provided.

Hablando Del Derecho Y Las Leyes, Norma E. Pimentel

Norma E Pimentel

No abstract provided.

Ante 74 Años De Petróleo Nacional, Norma E. Pimentel

Norma E Pimentel

No abstract provided.

The Alternative Forms Of Dispute Settlement And The Essential Difference Between These And Arbitration, Michael Diathesopoulos

Michael Diathesopoulos

The paper examines the characteristics of some common alternative forms of dispute settlement and their key differences from arbitration regarding their nature and scope. Its purpose is to explore each mechanism's suitability for specific types of disputes.

La Noción De Consumidor En El Código De Protección Y Defensa Del Consumidor, David García

David García

This work contains a legal analysis of the notion of consumer in the Peruvian law

¿Transparencia En El Endeudamiento Público?, Norma E. Pimentel

Norma E Pimentel

No abstract provided.

Aspectos Generales Dela Publicidad En México. "La Publicidad De Productos, Servicios, Y Actividades Reguladas Por La Ley General De Salud", Bruno L. Costantini García

Bruno L. Costantini García

Introducción a las generalidades de la regulación en materia de publicidad de insumos para el consumo humano (salud) en México.

Patent Reversion: An Employee-Inventor's Second Bite At The Apple, Richard Kamprath

Richard Kamprath

In an attempt to more fully compensate employee-inventors without harming the return on investment of employers, a patent reversion is proposed in which the rights to the patent revert to joint ownership between the original inventor and the current owner. In Section I, the background of the relationship between employer and employee-inventor will be discussed in terms of patent rights. This section will outline the problems inherent in the pre-assignment status quo of these rights from employees to employers. Section II will begin with Part A, which is a review of previously proposed solutions to the under-compensation of employee-inventors. The …

Cultura De La Legalidad. La Participación Ciudadana En La Transparencia, Norma E. Pimentel

Norma E Pimentel

No abstract provided.

Trade Dress Rights As Instruments Of Monopolistic Competition: Towards A Rejuvenation Of The Misappropriation Doctrine In Unfair Competition Law And A Property Theory Of Trademarks, Apostolos Chronopoulos

Apostolos Chronopoulos

The protection of trade dress restricts the ability of competitors to compete by imitation. It may also interfere with the public’s ability to copy product features that have been disclosed in expired utility and design patents. These concerns about the anticompetitive potential of trade dress claims have prompted the Supreme Court to tighten the requirements for protecting product configurations under the Lanham Act. To be protectable, the design under consideration should have already acquired secondary meaning. Furthermore, the functionality doctrine may bar protection even though there are enough alternative product configurations at the disposal of competitors so as to market …

The Transaction Cost Benefits Of Electronic Patent Licensing Platforms: A Discussion At The Example Of The Patentbooks Model, Roya Ghafele, Benjamin Gibert

Roya Ghafele

Current mechanisms to compensate inventors and improve legal access to their inventions remain ineffective. Manufacturers encounter significant transaction costs in the process of licensing the multitude of patent rights implicated in their products. High-technology product manufacturing requires access to a diverse pool of technologies that are owned by different organizations all over the world. The transaction costs of licensing these disparate rights are inhibiting unlicensed manufacturers in emerging economies from entering important markets and simultaneously limiting the revenue patent owners can generate from non-exclusive licenses. As communications technologies improve, innovative licensing mechanisms are emerging that can help firms avoid many …

Noción Y Elementos Existenciales Del Título De Crédito, Bruno L. Costantini García

Bruno L. Costantini García

Discernir la noción y elementos de existencia de los títulos de crédito, considerando la doctrina y la denominación expresada en nuestra Ley General de Títulos y Operaciones de Crédito, conceptualizando el término de los documentos que consignan un derecho crediticio propio de su naturaleza y deslindando de manera dogmatica y exegética los elementos que lo forman y le dan su funcionamiento, mediante una visión de las instituciones jurídicas que les dan su existencia y aplicación dentro del devenir de los actos de comercio.