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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Contracts
The Effectiveness Of Acceptances Communicated By Electronic Means, Or – Does The Postal Acceptance Rule Apply To Email, Eliza Karolina Mik
The Effectiveness Of Acceptances Communicated By Electronic Means, Or – Does The Postal Acceptance Rule Apply To Email, Eliza Karolina Mik
Eliza Mik
The ‘traditional’ classi?cation into ‘instantaneous’ and ‘non-instantaneous’ methods of communication must be abandoned. As all Internet transmissions are instantaneous, the choice between the principle of receipt and the postal exception must be based on other criteria. The focus must be shifted from communication devices to the characteristics of the communication process. The latter resembles either dealings face-to-face or dealings at a distance. This simple division should remain the basis for all analyses. Instantaneity and control are two of many characteristics of face-to-face dealings and are not the only factors to be taken into account when making the choice between the …
Religious Arbitration And The New Multiculturalism: Negotiating Conflicting Legal Orders, Michael A. Helfand
Religious Arbitration And The New Multiculturalism: Negotiating Conflicting Legal Orders, Michael A. Helfand
Michael A Helfand
This Article considers a trend towards what I have termed the "new multiculturalism," where conflicts between law and religion are less about recognition and symbolism and more about conflicting legal orders. Nothing typifies this trend more than the increased visibility of religious arbitration, whereby religious groups use current arbitration doctrine to have their disputes adjudicated not in U.S. courts and under U.S. law, but before religious courts and under religious law. This dynamic has pushed the following question to the forefront of the multicultural agenda: under what circumstances should U.S. courts enforce arbitration awards issued by religious courts in accordance …
Contract Law, Party Sophistication And The New Formalism, Meredith Miller
Contract Law, Party Sophistication And The New Formalism, Meredith Miller
Meredith R. Miller
With increasing frequency, courts are mentioning party sophistication as relevant to whether a contract has been formed, whether a contract is enforceable, how the contract should be interpreted, and even, in some instances, the determination of an appropriate remedy. Sophisticated parties are held to a different set of rules, grounded in freedom of contract. It is presumed that a sophisticated party was aware of what to bargain for and read (or should have read) and understood (or should have understood) the terms of a written agreement. But, just what do courts mean when they call a contracting party “sophisticated”? “Sophistication” …
Rethinking Commodification: Cases And Readings In Law And Culture, Martha Ertman, Joan Williams
Rethinking Commodification: Cases And Readings In Law And Culture, Martha Ertman, Joan Williams
Martha M. Ertman
What is the price of a limb? A child? Ethnicity? Love? In a world that is often ruled by buyers and sellers, those things that are often considered priceless become objects to be marketed and from which to earn a profit. Ranging from black market babies to exploitative sex trade operations to the marketing of race and culture, Rethinking Commodification presents an interdisciplinary collection of writings, including legal theory, case law, and original essays to reexamine the traditional legal question: ̶To commodify or not to commodify?” In this pathbreaking course reader, Martha M. Ertman and Joan C. Williams present the …
Fighting For The Debtor's Soul: Regulating Religious Commercial Conduct, Michael A. Helfand
Fighting For The Debtor's Soul: Regulating Religious Commercial Conduct, Michael A. Helfand
Michael A Helfand
Although courts often think of religion in terms of faith, prayer, and conscience, many religious groups are increasingly looking to religion as a source of law, commerce, and contract. As a result, courts are being called upon to regulate conduct that is simultaneously religious and commercial. In addressing such cases, some courts minimize the religious features of the case and simply focus on its secular elements while others over-exaggerate the religious features of the case and thereby refuse to adjudicate the dispute on Establishment Clause grounds. As an example of this dynamic, I explore the constitutionality of imposing sanctions for …
A Pro-Congress Approach To Arbitration And Unconscionability, Stephen Friedman
A Pro-Congress Approach To Arbitration And Unconscionability, Stephen Friedman
Stephen E Friedman
This Essay endeavors to resolve a current controversy involving the application of the unconscionability doctrine to arbitration agreements. The pro-arbitration policies of the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) and the anti-arbitration instincts of the unconscionability doctrine are difficult to reconcile. Instead of clarity in this area of law, we have a series of hints and clues, often contradictory, from the Supreme Court. Although Professor David Horton and I share a desire to clarify this area of the law, we have nearly opposite views about how this should be accomplished. This Essay sets forth my position and also responds to Unconscionability Wars, …
Testamentary Substitutes—A Time For Statutory Clarification, Sidney Kwestel, Rena Seplowitz
Testamentary Substitutes—A Time For Statutory Clarification, Sidney Kwestel, Rena Seplowitz
Rena C. Seplowitz
No abstract provided.
Freedom From Reliance: A Contract Approach To Express Warranty, Sidney Kwestel
Freedom From Reliance: A Contract Approach To Express Warranty, Sidney Kwestel
Sidney Kwestel
No abstract provided.
Testamentary Substitutes—A Time For Statutory Clarification, Sidney Kwestel, Rena Seplowitz
Testamentary Substitutes—A Time For Statutory Clarification, Sidney Kwestel, Rena Seplowitz
Sidney Kwestel
No abstract provided.
Student Film: Jacobs And Young Inc., V. George Kent, Ara Ayvazian, Ashley Haelen, Peggy Zabakolas, Larry Przetakiewicz, Michael Barchak, Andrew Koster, Cristina Puglia, Deborah Post
Student Film: Jacobs And Young Inc., V. George Kent, Ara Ayvazian, Ashley Haelen, Peggy Zabakolas, Larry Przetakiewicz, Michael Barchak, Andrew Koster, Cristina Puglia, Deborah Post
Deborah W. Post
No abstract provided.
Mortgage Modification, Equitable Subordination, And The Honest But Unfortunate Creditor, Juliet Moringiello
Mortgage Modification, Equitable Subordination, And The Honest But Unfortunate Creditor, Juliet Moringiello
Juliet M Moringiello
Mortgage foreclosures are at an all-time high and property values in many parts of the country have declined precipitously. Yet bankruptcy, which is often a last resort for individuals in financial distress, provides little relief to a homeowner who finds that her mortgage debt exceeds the value of her home. The reason for bankruptcy’s inadequacy in this regard is the Bankruptcy Code’s prohibition on the modification of home mortgages, a prohibition that became part of bankruptcy law in 1978, when most home mortgage loans were 30-year fixed rate loans made by savings and loan associations. While most secured loans can …
Confirming Piskei Din In Secular Court, Michael Helfand
Confirming Piskei Din In Secular Court, Michael Helfand
Michael A Helfand
No abstract provided.
Arbitration Provisions: Little Darlings And Little Monsters, Stephen Friedman
Arbitration Provisions: Little Darlings And Little Monsters, Stephen Friedman
Stephen E Friedman
This Article takes a new approach to resolving the growing tension between the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) and the unconscionability doctrine. While arbitration provisions are favored under the FAA, they are viewed far more skeptically by courts applying unconscionability to refuse enforcement of one-sided arbitration provisions. This tension, which has increased dramatically in recent years, represents a major fault line in contract law. Jurisprudence and commentary on this issue have assumed that courts have the authority to apply the unconscionability doctrine to arbitration provisions. This Article refutes that assumption, taking the position that Congress, in passing the FAA, removed from …
Parent, Child, Husband, Wife: When Recognition Fails, Tragedy Ensues, Scott Fitzgibbon
Parent, Child, Husband, Wife: When Recognition Fails, Tragedy Ensues, Scott Fitzgibbon
Scott T. FitzGibbon
This article briefly notes some developments in the law and society of our present age regarding the understanding — the recognition — of marriage, fatherhood, motherhood, and the family. The article warns against a certain casualness, a confusion, perhaps even a certain promiscuity of thought, that has occasionally emerged in the law. Drawing on Sophocles' drama Oedipus the King and on the scriptural narrative of David and Bathsheba, the article investigates what might be called the "moral location" of the activity of recognition. It proposes that recognition of basic family forms is a process with a deep dimension. It apprehends …
'No Look' Attorneys' Fees And The Attorneys Who Are Looking: An Empirical Analysis Of Presumptively Approved Attorneys' Fees In Ch. 13 Bankruptcies And A Proposal For Reform, Bruce Price
Bruce M Price
This article presents original empirical research on the issue of “No Look” or presumptively approved attorneys’ fees in consumer Chapter 13 bankruptcy cases. 11 U.S.C. section 330 requires court approval of attorneys’ fees. Courts are frequently unable to address the volume of applications if individual review were required. As such, many courts have set presumptively approved attorneys’ fees in which the attorneys’ fees for routine services are approved administratively. Circuits are split as to whether this practice can be rationalized with existing case law, the Bankruptcy Code or legislative intent. The study examines the practices of each Bankruptcy Court and …
Halting, Altering And Agreeing, Bruce M. Price
Halting, Altering And Agreeing, Bruce M. Price
Bruce M Price
Utilizing Felstiner, et al.'s Naming, Blaming and Claiming as a conceptual framework, I argue that the Chapter 11 bankruptcy process represents a dispute transformation mechanism. Disputes are transformed through a series of stages I call Halting, Altering and Agreeing. This transformative dispute process can be conceptualized as a form of disputing that accomplishes many of the goals of ADR, while avoiding the ideological and substantive critiques outlined by Harrington, Engle Merry, Yngvesson, and others. Finally, the development of this dispute mechanism is historically situated in light of the transition to the modern form of contract law and welfare state considerations …