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Articles 1 - 30 of 31
Full-Text Articles in Law
A Legal History Of The Regulation Of Assault-Style Rifles In Canada, R. Blake Brown
A Legal History Of The Regulation Of Assault-Style Rifles In Canada, R. Blake Brown
Dalhousie Law Journal
This article provides the first legal history of the regulation of “assault-style” weapons in Canada. A contentious part of Canada’s gun control regime is the firearms classification system that divides guns into non-restricted, restricted, and prohibited firearms. The sale of semi-automatic firearms, often based on military designs that could be quickly fired and reloaded, sparked concerns since the 1970s, particularly after mass shooting events. Canada adopted a classification regime relying on both statutory provisions that used technical details of firearms and Orders-in-Council to name models of firearms as restricted or prohibited weapons. Critics warned that this system allowed private citizens …
Employing Older Prisoner Empirical Data To Test A Novel S. 7 Charter Claim, Adelina Iftene
Employing Older Prisoner Empirical Data To Test A Novel S. 7 Charter Claim, Adelina Iftene
Dalhousie Law Journal
This article builds the case for expanding s. 7 of the Charter of Canadian Rights and Freedoms to apply to prison regulations and decisions in the specific context of an aging prison population. As original empirical data shows, prisons are highly insensitive to age-related problems, and inappropriate or insufficient medical treatment receives official sanction from a wide range of correctional documents. The stark inadequacies of the current system endanger older prisoners' security of the person, and sometimes their lives, in ways that violate their rights under s. 7, since the deprivations they suffer result from legislative policies and state conduct …
The Only Legitimate Rule: A Reply To Maclean's Critique Of Ecolawgic, Bruce Pardy
The Only Legitimate Rule: A Reply To Maclean's Critique Of Ecolawgic, Bruce Pardy
Dalhousie Law Journal
Is autonomy "natural"? In Ecolawgic: The Logic of Ecosystems and the Rule of Law, I argue that a legal system of intrinsic neutrality is one over which no political office or branch of government has control and in which individuals have the autonomy to pursue their own interests. In 'Autonomy in the Anthropocene," the preceding article in this issue, Jason MacLean challenges the thesis of Ecolawgic. MacLean argues that autonomy is not a feature of neutral legal systems but a product of cultural norms and regulation. He maintains that Ecolawgic's prescription provides neither optimal economic outcomes nor effective environmental protection. …
The Significance Of The Systemic Relative Autonomy Of Labour Law, Bruce P. Archibald
The Significance Of The Systemic Relative Autonomy Of Labour Law, Bruce P. Archibald
Dalhousie Law Journal
The extent to which labour and employment law form an autonomous subsystem within the legal order is a significant matter in labour relations scholarship. Human capability theory helps explain how open legal constructs for structuring personal work relations are emerging in a relatively autonomous manner Similarly concepts of relational rights and relational contract theory assist in understanding the relatively autonomous development of restorative labour market regulation, with both substantive and procedural dimensions. Moreover dramatic changes in freedom of association doctrine under the Charter, which now procedurally protect collective bargaining, the right to strike and the independence of unions from management, …
Autonomy In The Anthropocene? Libertarianism, Liberalism And The Legal Theory Of Environmental Regulation, Jason Maclean
Autonomy In The Anthropocene? Libertarianism, Liberalism And The Legal Theory Of Environmental Regulation, Jason Maclean
Dalhousie Law Journal
Can there be autonomy in the Anthropocene? Libertarian environmental law scholar Bruce Pardy's Ecolawgic: The Logic of Ecosystems and the Rule of Law argues that contemporary environmental law violates the right to autonomy and runs afoul of the rule of law. Pardyproposes an alternative model ofenvironmental law premised on the logic of ecosystems and free markets. Pardy's Ecolawgic suffers, however from the very same conceptual infirmities that substantially undermine the real-world application of the free market paradigm on which Ecolawgic is largely based. Notwithstanding this critical flaw, Ecolawgic may be read as an aspirational model of environmental law and policy …
A Consumer Protection Perspective On Regulation For Healthier Eating, Barbara Von Tigerstrom
A Consumer Protection Perspective On Regulation For Healthier Eating, Barbara Von Tigerstrom
Dalhousie Law Journal
This article explores the potential for a consumer protection perspective to complement public health approaches in designing and justifying laws that aim to promote healthier eating, such as food labelling regulations or restrictions on marketing and advertising. Consumer protection and public health are distinct perspectives, but they share the goal of protecting health and both accept the need for regulation to protect important interests. Consumer protection objectives could be used to defend public health measures that are challenged as infringing rights or restricting trade. Insights from consumer law and scholarship could also contribute to discussions about when regulatory intervention to …
Onshore Oil And Gas Regimes In Atlantic Canada:, Michael P. Simms, Carole Chan
Onshore Oil And Gas Regimes In Atlantic Canada:, Michael P. Simms, Carole Chan
Dalhousie Law Journal
The focus ofoiland gas development in the Atlantic region has for many years been on the offshore areas. However, there is active exploration and some production onshore, and it is likely that interest and investment will increase in this sector in coming years. This paper considers the legislative regimes for onshore oil and gas development in the Atlantic provinces-including tenure arrangements, surface access issues, operational regulation, pooling and unitization provisions, royalties and abandonment and liability-with comparisons to schemes applicable in western Canada. The existing legislative regimes in the Atlantic region date back many years, and are likely to be the …
Regulation Of Alternative Energy Projects In Atlantic Canada, David Henley, Christopher Stewart
Regulation Of Alternative Energy Projects In Atlantic Canada, David Henley, Christopher Stewart
Dalhousie Law Journal
This paper reviews the current regulatory regime for alternative energy projects, including wind power tidal power and biomass energy, in the Atlantic provinces. At present the regulatory approaches vary across the provincial jurisdictions, with a more consistent federal regime alsogoverning some aspects of operations, and some involvement of municipal authorities. To varying degrees the four provinces have committed to enhancing the proportion of energy supply derived from these sources. If these goals are to be met, investors and developers are likely to expect a streamlining of the regulatory process across the region in coming years, reflecting a maturing industry
Deepwater Horizon: Lessons For The Offshore, Wiley Spicer
Deepwater Horizon: Lessons For The Offshore, Wiley Spicer
Dalhousie Law Journal
This paper reviews the regulatory framework governing offshore oil and gas operations on the continental shelf. Offshore exploration comprises both marine and industrial elements, regulated through a complex web of national (coastal state) regulation and international conventions, the latter primarily directed towards the marine aspects of operations. Following the Deepwater Horizon disaster of 2010, the adequacy of current regulatory approaches came under increased scrutiny It is argued in this paper that the growing complexity of the industry, coupled with increasing activity in deepwater and Arctic environments, requires development of a more robust system of international regulation.
Slipping Between Danger, Pleasure And The Law: Thoughts On Three Recent Books Addressing Sexuality., Ummni Khan
Slipping Between Danger, Pleasure And The Law: Thoughts On Three Recent Books Addressing Sexuality., Ummni Khan
Dalhousie Law Journal
Sexuality is slippery. It slips, for example, between pleasure and danger, between surrender and repression, and between force (the kind that turns some of us on) and violence (the kind that terrorizes us). It can be a site of intense oppression and unwanted objectification, and also ofempowerment and affirming desirability. In this review, I address three recent books that reckon with the ambivalence of sexuality in relation to the law and regulatory practices.
Conceptions Of Borrowers And Lenders In The Canadian Payday Loan Regulatory Process: The Evidence From Manitoba And Nova Scotia, Freya Kodar
Dalhousie Law Journal
Commentators characterize thinking aboutpaydayloans as falling into two general perspectives. In one theory payday loans respond to market demand and are a sensible choice for a consumer with limited assets, credit, or other support when an unexpected financial need arises. The opposing theory holds that the loans are usurious and exploit vulnerable low-income borrowers. In 2007, amendments were passed exempting payday loans from the application of the criminal interest rate provisions of the Criminal Code if they were made by companies licensed by a province with a regulatory scheme. The author examines how federal and provincial lawmakers and administrative decision-makers …
Charting The Boundaries Of Labour Law: Innis Christie And The Search For An Integrated Law Of Labour Market Regulations, Harry Arthurs
Charting The Boundaries Of Labour Law: Innis Christie And The Search For An Integrated Law Of Labour Market Regulations, Harry Arthurs
Dalhousie Law Journal
What an honour it is to deliver the first Innis Christie lecture in labour and employment law. My career and Innis' developed in parallel. Our very first publications dealt with tort liability for strikes; our early research dealt with collective labour law; we worked together on a labour law casebook; we both shuffled sideways from labour law into administrative law and lurched from there into legal ethics; we both became labour mediators and arbitrators and then-a logical progression-deans of law. Finally, we both worked on government policy studies, starting with the Woods Task Force in the mid-1960s, though Innis became …
Ifit's Reusable Why Not Reuse It? The Reuse Of Single Use Medical Devices, Brian Wilson
Ifit's Reusable Why Not Reuse It? The Reuse Of Single Use Medical Devices, Brian Wilson
Dalhousie Law Journal
The reprocessing and subsequent reuse of medical devices labelled by the manufacturer as 'single-use only' is a cost cutting strategy employed by many healthcare centres. However, attempting to extend the life of a device labelled as 'single-use only' raises a number of unique concerns surrounding the issue of legal liability specifically who should bear responsibility if someone suffers harm as a result of a reprocessed single-use device. Following an overview of the current regulatory environment, the potential tortious liability attaching to those who may be implicated in the reprocessing chain is discussed. Specifically, this paper examines the duty and standard …
Off The Grid: Federal Jurisdiction And The Canadian Electricity Sector, Ian Blue
Off The Grid: Federal Jurisdiction And The Canadian Electricity Sector, Ian Blue
Dalhousie Law Journal
The author argues that the federal government should empower the National Energy Board to regulate transmission access on provincial electricity systems including the authority to order a provincial utility to construct new facilities, for the purpose of creating a truly national electricity system and facilitating interprovincial and international electricity sales. First, because Canada needs a national regulator who can address the creeping Americanization of the Canadian electricity sector arising from the U.S. legislation and decisions of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Second, because Canada needs a nationalbody to facilitate the movement ofnon-greenhouse gas sources of electricity to markets where it …
Principles, Prescriptions, And Polemics: Regulating Conflicts Of Interest In The Canadian Investment Fund Industry, Dan Awrey
Dalhousie Law Journal
Conflicts ofinterest permeate the Canadian investment fund industry. In response, securities regulators have promulgated National Instrument 81-107 Independent Review Committee for Investment Funds. In the view of securities regulators, NI 81-107 reflects a "principles-based" approach toward the regulation of conflicts of interest. This Article articulates a theoretical conception of principles-based securities regulation, one which transcends the formalism of the traditional "rules" versus "principles" debate to reveal a new regulatory paradigm. Thereafter, the author explores whether and to what extent NI 81-107 truly reflects this principlesbased paradigm, manifesting the potential to tap into its inherent wisdom while at the same time …
The Accord Acts Twenty Years Later, Shawn Denstedt, R J. Thrasher
The Accord Acts Twenty Years Later, Shawn Denstedt, R J. Thrasher
Dalhousie Law Journal
The authors examine key provisions of the Accord Acts and the experience with them to date, and make comparisons with other jurisdictions. They address regulatory issues, such as the resource conservation powers of the Boards, the relationship between the Boards and other agencies, and the relative success of regulation streamlining efforts. Finally,they consider exploration and development matters and commercial issues such as flow-testing of exploration wells, benefits, royalty agreements, Board guidelines, disclosure of information, and conditions or requirements attached by the Boards to authorizations.
Utility And Rights In Common Law Reasoning: Rebalancing Private Law Through Constitutionalization, Hugh Collins
Utility And Rights In Common Law Reasoning: Rebalancing Private Law Through Constitutionalization, Hugh Collins
Dalhousie Law Journal
In the evolution of private law, legal reasoning has always confronted the fundamental problem of reconciling private interests with collective goods. Philosophers analyse this problem ofjustice in terms ofprotecting individual rights whilst at the same time maximizing utility or general welfare. The private law of tort, contract, and property rights that emerged in the nineteenth century provided a fortress of protections for individual rights, but the consequences for collective welfare were quickly found wanting. These consequences were addressed by the welfare state, regulation, and the separation of new spheres ofprivate law such as consumer law and labour lawfrom mainstream doctrine, …
Dual Class Shares In Canada: An Historical Analysis, Stephanie Ben-Ishai, Poonam Puri
Dual Class Shares In Canada: An Historical Analysis, Stephanie Ben-Ishai, Poonam Puri
Dalhousie Law Journal
Dual class shares have been used by Canadian corporations to access public capital markets for the past sixty years. The debates surrounding the regulation of dual class shares have been reenergized. The authors of this article argue that only by looking to the legitimating role of nationalist policy, legislation and discourse in the historical development of dual class share structures can we derive context to the current debates surrounding the regulation of dual class shares and obtain a fuller understanding of the contemporary issues theypresent. Based on an analysis of the use of dual class shares as a financing technique …
Spaceship Sheriffs And Cosmonaut Cops, Lee Seshagiri
Spaceship Sheriffs And Cosmonaut Cops, Lee Seshagiri
Dalhousie Law Journal
This paper examines some of the current legal regimes applicable to criminal law in outer space and offers insights into options for future legal developments in the cosmos. It begins by setting out the context for law enforcement in outer space, emphasizing the commercial nature of future space exploration and the need for laws and law enforcement in that environment. Next, various methods for assigning legal jurisdiction in space are examined, and the underlying justifications for the exercise of such jurisdiction are considered. The paper goes on to explore preventative approaches to space crime, highlighting the usefulness of such approaches …
Imposing Self-Interest: Behavioural Law And Economics, The Ultimatum Game, And Value Possibilities, Michael Ilg
Imposing Self-Interest: Behavioural Law And Economics, The Ultimatum Game, And Value Possibilities, Michael Ilg
Dalhousie Law Journal
With the recent emergence of the behavioural approach to law and economics, there is now a systematic critique of law and economics which remains sympathetic to its overall objectives. Rather than seek to undermine traditional law and economics, the intent of the behavioural approach is generally to augment it, and render its formulations more representative of reality. Drawing upon experimental evidence and well-known examples of anomalies within economic theory, behavioural scholars claim that the law needs to better account for instances of individual irrationality. Having identified the situations when rational maximization does not hold, behavioural scholars are then able to …
Offshore Employment And Occupational Health And Safety Issues, John Macpherson
Offshore Employment And Occupational Health And Safety Issues, John Macpherson
Dalhousie Law Journal
In Canada responsibility for regulating labour relations, employment and occupational health and safety matters is shared between the federal and provincial governments. In this paper the author describes the complexities of the legislative regime governing the Nova Scotia offshore. Specifically, he looks at section 157 of the Nova Scotia Accord Act (Canada), certification of workers offshore, and occupational health and safety legislation.
Effective And Efficient Regulation In Nova Scotia, J Marshall Burgess
Effective And Efficient Regulation In Nova Scotia, J Marshall Burgess
Dalhousie Law Journal
Effective and efficient regulation of the oil and gas industry on the East Coast of Canada is a top priority of the federal and provincial governments. Ever since oil and gas exploration and development began in this region, stakeholders and others have urged regulators to address and remedy this issue. This paper reviews how governments have responded first in the onshore context, and then in the offshore. Issues that regulators need to address are identified and legislative, regulatory, and administrative changes which have been made and are proposed are reviewed. Finally, the author reflects on possible future developments and the …
Regulatory Regime: Canada-Newfoundland/ Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board Issues, Angus Taylor, Jim Dickey
Regulatory Regime: Canada-Newfoundland/ Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board Issues, Angus Taylor, Jim Dickey
Dalhousie Law Journal
This article identifies and comments on some of the issues which may be of interest respecting petroleum operations in the Newfoundland and Nova Scotia offshore areas. An emphasis has been placed on identifying some of the issues from an operational context and from a regulator's perspective, with some legal analysis provided where appropriate.
In Search Of Universality, Equity, Comprehensivenessand Competition: Health Care Reform And Managedcompetition In Israel, Carmel Shalev, David Chinitz
In Search Of Universality, Equity, Comprehensivenessand Competition: Health Care Reform And Managedcompetition In Israel, Carmel Shalev, David Chinitz
Dalhousie Law Journal
Israel's ongoing health reform provides lessons regarding attempts to combine universal coverage under national health insurance with a version of managed competition. Based on principles of 'justice, equality and mutual aid," Israel's National Health Insurance Law, 1994 guarantees access to a broad basket of basic services to be provided by four competing sick funds, and the availability of resources adequate to finance the basket. The new rights of citizens to universal coverage and to move freely among sick funds constituted a major policy breakthrough. However, successive amendments to the Law reflect continuing controversy over the amount of resources required to …
Future Directions In International Environmental Law: Precaution, Integration And Non-State Actors, James Cameron
Future Directions In International Environmental Law: Precaution, Integration And Non-State Actors, James Cameron
Dalhousie Law Journal
In this, the Horace E. Read Memorial Lecture for 1995, James Cameron discusses three developments in international environmental law,-the principles of precaution and of integration and the roles of non-state actors. The precautionary principle calls for regulatory intervention to prevent environmental harm even though the risk of damage remains scientifically uncertain. A wide consensus exists in favour of a precautionary approach to environmental management and state practice is sufficient to assert the principle has attained the status of customary international law, but it remains controversial because it demands changes in practice. The principle of integration takes a holistic approach to …
What Are We Managing Anyway?: The Need For An Interdisciplinary Approach To Managing Fisheries Ecosystems, Jean-Jacques Maguire, Barbara Neis, Peter R. Sinclair
What Are We Managing Anyway?: The Need For An Interdisciplinary Approach To Managing Fisheries Ecosystems, Jean-Jacques Maguire, Barbara Neis, Peter R. Sinclair
Dalhousie Law Journal
Fisheries managers should really be attempting to manage the fishing fleets and the processing industry, not the fish. Consequently we argue that effective management ought to take an eco-systems approach that is necessarily interdisciplinary, incorporating both natural and social sciences. We ascribe the inadequate results of existing management regimes to scientific uncertainty, political pressures, the regulations' lack of legitimacy among fishers, and excessive reliance on individual fishers (rather than households and communities) as the unit of analysis. In a new interdisciplinary approach, we emphasize the contribution of social science in helping to understand what is defined as Scientific knowledge, how …
Law And Economics, Michael J. Trebilcock
Law And Economics, Michael J. Trebilcock
Dalhousie Law Journal
Prior to 1960, most North American law schools paid attention only to anti-trust, public utility regulation, and perhaps tax policy from a law and economics perspective (sometimes referred to as the "old" law and economics). However, beginning in the early 1960's with pioneering articles by Guido Calabresi on tort law and Ronald Coase (the 1991 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics) on property rights, followed by prolific writings and a comprehensive text by Richard Posner on a vast range of legal issues, the field of law and economics has burgeoned with many lawyers and economists around the world now …
Acid Rain And Ozone Layer Depletion: International Law And Regulation, Kernaghan Webb
Acid Rain And Ozone Layer Depletion: International Law And Regulation, Kernaghan Webb
Dalhousie Law Journal
Although international customary and conventional law have addressed aspects of transfrontier pollution problems for decades,' the regional and global environmental degradations which have come to the forefront in the 1980s and 1990s - acid rain, ozone depletion, and global warming, to name but three - represent new challenges to existing international law institutions and concepts. In a sense, the world has over the past two centuries gone through a period of what could be called "technological adolescence", as individuals and corporations, largely from industrialized nations, exploited the earth's resources with little if any concern for the immediate and long-term implications …
Regulatory Reform And The National Energy Board, J. M. Hendry
Regulatory Reform And The National Energy Board, J. M. Hendry
Dalhousie Law Journal
Government regulation has been increasing rapidly for the past five decades. At present, boards, commissions, and other variously named administrative agencies pervade nearly every phrase of the nation's economic and social activity. At the federal level, these groups are involved in formulating economic policy; they control the construction and operation of pipelines and other means of transport; they supervise most facets of the telecommunications and broadcasting industries; they regulate, in many ways, the exploration for and manufacturing and marketing of raw materials. At the provincial level, they are concerned with labour relations, education, and the use of property. In addition, …
The Case For Provincial Regulation Of Community Antenna Television Systems In The Wake Of Capital Cities And Dionne, Robert P. Doherty
The Case For Provincial Regulation Of Community Antenna Television Systems In The Wake Of Capital Cities And Dionne, Robert P. Doherty
Dalhousie Law Journal
While observers of the Canadian Constitution may believe that jurisdiction over cable television in this country was finally and clearly given to the federal government and its Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission, by the Capital Cities and Dionne cases, there is still much to be decided. If there are any doubts, then consider news reports of November 1978, and January and February 1979 which highlighted the prominence of cable television as a negotiable federal/provincial subject at several conferences. Vibrations from several provincial governments 4 indicate that cable television and data communications are two areas of communications that provinces would dearly …