Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Law Enforcement and Corrections (461)
- Criminal Procedure (286)
- Criminal Law (243)
- Constitutional Law (183)
- Fourth Amendment (176)
-
- Supreme Court of the United States (130)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (129)
- Civil Rights and Discrimination (127)
- Law and Society (112)
- Law and Race (107)
- Courts (85)
- Evidence (84)
- State and Local Government Law (64)
- Legal Studies (42)
- Sociology (42)
- Jurisprudence (37)
- Judges (36)
- Criminology and Criminal Justice (35)
- Arts and Humanities (33)
- Legal Profession (32)
- Legislation (32)
- Privacy Law (30)
- Science and Technology Law (29)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (27)
- Fourteenth Amendment (26)
- Civil Law (23)
- Human Rights Law (23)
- Legal History (23)
- Psychology (21)
- Institution
-
- University of Michigan Law School (222)
- Selected Works (62)
- Touro University Jacob D. Fuchsberg Law Center (49)
- SelectedWorks (29)
- Roger Williams University (28)
-
- William & Mary Law School (28)
- Fordham Law School (20)
- Maurer School of Law: Indiana University (19)
- American University Washington College of Law (18)
- University of South Carolina (17)
- Boston University School of Law (14)
- New York Law School (13)
- Saint Louis University School of Law (13)
- Washington and Lee University School of Law (13)
- University of Richmond (12)
- Mitchell Hamline School of Law (11)
- St. Mary's University (11)
- University of Florida Levin College of Law (11)
- University of Denver (10)
- University of Georgia School of Law (10)
- Columbia Law School (9)
- Northern Illinois University (9)
- Northwestern Pritzker School of Law (9)
- Nova Southeastern University (9)
- Seattle University School of Law (9)
- University of Baltimore Law (9)
- University of Colorado Law School (9)
- University of Miami Law School (9)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (8)
- Pepperdine University (8)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Michigan Law Review (74)
- Articles (67)
- Touro Law Review (43)
- University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform (35)
- Faculty Scholarship (29)
-
- Faculty Publications (28)
- Michigan Journal of Race and Law (18)
- Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals (17)
- Life of the Law School (1993- ) (13)
- Scholarly Works (13)
- All Faculty Scholarship (11)
- UF Law Faculty Publications (11)
- Book Chapters (10)
- Fordham Urban Law Journal (10)
- NYLS Law Review (10)
- Fordham Law Review (9)
- Popular Media (9)
- Publications (9)
- Seattle University Law Review (9)
- University of Richmond Law Review (9)
- Indiana Law Journal (8)
- Pepperdine Law Review (8)
- South Carolina Law Review (8)
- Articles by Maurer Faculty (7)
- Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations (7)
- Ashok Agrwaal (6)
- Christopher C. Cooper Dr. (6)
- Georgia State University Law Review (6)
- Journal Articles (6)
- Mitchell Hamline Law Review (6)
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 30 of 965
Full-Text Articles in Law
Whom Do Prosecutors Protect?, Vida Johnson
Whom Do Prosecutors Protect?, Vida Johnson
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
Prosecutors regard themselves as public servants who fight crime and increase community safety on behalf of their constituents. But prosecutors do not only seek to protect those they are supposed to serve. Instead, prosecutors often trade community safety, privacy, and even the constitutional rights of the general public to enlarge police power. Prosecutors routinely advocate for weaker public rights, shield police from public accountability, and fail to prosecute police when they break the law.
This Article will show how prosecutors often protect police at the expense of the public. This Article suggests a novel theory of evaluating the conduct of …
Tort Liability For Physical Harm To Police Arising From Protest: Common-Law Principles For A Politicized World, Ellen M. Bublick, Jane R. Bambauer
Tort Liability For Physical Harm To Police Arising From Protest: Common-Law Principles For A Politicized World, Ellen M. Bublick, Jane R. Bambauer
UF Law Faculty Publications
When police officers bring tort suits for physical harms suffered during protest, courts must navigate two critically important sets of values—on the one hand, protesters’ rights to free speech and assembly, and on the other, the value of officers’ lives, health, and rights of redress. This year courts, including the United States Supreme Court, must decide who, if anyone, can be held accountable for severe physical harms suffered by police called upon to respond to protest. Two highly visible cases well illustrate the trend. In one, United States Capitol Police officers were injured on January 6, 2021, during organized attempts …
Police Officers’ Perceptions Regarding Their Interactions With The Disabled In Kankakee County, Jilliann M. English
Police Officers’ Perceptions Regarding Their Interactions With The Disabled In Kankakee County, Jilliann M. English
ELAIA
Background Previous research shows the rate of crime against people with disabilities is significantly higher than the general population. Despite this, gaps in the training and resources for officers to assist those with disabilities may exist. Eadens et al. (2008) explored this issue by evaluating officer attitudes towards intellectual disabilities. Kankakee County has a significant disabled population, and Illinois is ranked very low in the improvement of related policies, making this a valuable area of interest. Methods This study utilized the modified version of the Social Distance Questionnaire (SDQ) used by Eadens et al. (2008), which is both qualitative and …
Toward Abolitionist Remedies: Police (Non)Reform Litigation After The 2020 Uprisings, Cara Mcclellan, Jamelia N. Morgan
Toward Abolitionist Remedies: Police (Non)Reform Litigation After The 2020 Uprisings, Cara Mcclellan, Jamelia N. Morgan
Articles
In the summer of 2020, across the country, Americans took to the street in protest of Mr. George Floyd’s murder and the police killings of countless other Black people. In too many cases, police responded to protesters with excessive force and the very brutality that had led people to protest police in the first place. In the wake of these horrific displays of force, over 40 lawsuits were filed nationwide that challenged police conduct at protests. Smith v. City of Philadelphia, one of the lawsuits brought on behalf of residents and protesters in Philadelphia, was unique because the tragic underlying …
China's Use Of Nontraditional Strategic Landpower In Asia, Sheena Chestnut Greitens
China's Use Of Nontraditional Strategic Landpower In Asia, Sheena Chestnut Greitens
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article argues that the People’s Republic of China uses its police and internal security forces as a nontraditional means of projecting strategic Landpower in the Indo-Pacific and Central Asia. Instead of limiting analysis of China’s power projection to military forces, this article employs new data on Chinese police engagements abroad to fill a gap in our understanding of the operating environment in Asia. Policymakers will gain an understanding of how these activities enhance China’s presence, partnerships, and influence across the region to inform the development of recommendations for a more effective response.
Parameters Spring 2024, Usawc Press
Parameters Spring 2024, Usawc Press
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
No abstract provided.
From The Editor In Chief, Antulio J. Echevarria Ii
From The Editor In Chief, Antulio J. Echevarria Ii
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
Welcome to the Spring 2024 issue of Parameters. Readers will note a few differences in the formatting for this issue: we are now using endnotes instead of footnotes to facilitate switching from pdf to html via Adobe's Liquid App; also, readers will be able to click on each endnote number to view the full endnote and then switch back to the text to resume reading. Please drop us a note to let us know how you like the changes. More are coming!
Police Chases And Pit Maneuvers: Examining The Role Of Officer Conduct In Pursuit-Related Felony Murder Convictions, Margaret L. R. Dubose
Police Chases And Pit Maneuvers: Examining The Role Of Officer Conduct In Pursuit-Related Felony Murder Convictions, Margaret L. R. Dubose
Georgia State University Law Review
The United States Supreme Court has described a police officer's decision to terminate a high-speed car chase by making physical contact with the fleeing vehicle as a "choice between two evils." Indeed, while many speed-related deaths occur on Georgia's roadways without the involvement of law enforcement, deaths also transpire when officers choose to make such contact through Precision Intervention Technique (PIT) maneuvers.
In 2015, a Georgia jury found a driver guilty of committing felony murder—a conviction which carries with it a life sentence. The victim, a passenger in the driver's speeding car, died after a law enforcement officer performed a …
Servant Leadership: The Change Needed In Law Enforcement, Shane H. Shetler
Servant Leadership: The Change Needed In Law Enforcement, Shane H. Shetler
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Servant leadership is a moral-based form of leadership in which leaders place the well-being of followers before their own (Canavesi & Minelli, 2022). It is a theory that has gained increased notoriety over the past several decades. Despite this, there remains a limited amount of empirical research on it and its potential benefits. However, several professions have adopted it, and their results have been positive. Leadership change is needed in many professions, and law enforcement is no exception. The policing profession faces many challenges, such as recruiting quality candidates and retaining existing personnel. Furthermore, the challenges plaguing policing also exert …
1983, Brandon Hasbrouck
1983, Brandon Hasbrouck
Scholarly Articles
This Piece embraces a fictional narrative to illustrate deep flaws in our legal system. It borrows its basic structure and a few choice lines from George Orwell’s classic novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. Like Orwell’s novel, it is set in the not-too-distant future to comment on problems already emerging in the present. The footnotes largely provide examples of some of those problems and how courts have treated them in a constitutional law context. The title (itself quite close to Orwell’s own title) is a reference to our chief civil rights statute, while the story deals with a critical threat to that …
The Thinning Blue Line: Ptsd Benefits For Law Enforcement In Minnesota, Caleb Wootan
The Thinning Blue Line: Ptsd Benefits For Law Enforcement In Minnesota, Caleb Wootan
Mitchell Hamline Law Journal of Public Policy and Practice
No abstract provided.
The Automated Fourth Amendment, Maneka Sinha
The Automated Fourth Amendment, Maneka Sinha
Emory Law Journal
Courts routinely defer to police officer judgments in reasonable suspicion and probable cause determinations. Increasingly, though, police officers outsource these threshold judgments to new forms of technology that purport to predict and detect crime and identify those responsible. These policing technologies automate core police determinations about whether crime is occurring and who is responsible.
Criminal procedure doctrine has failed to insist on some level of scrutiny of—or skepticism about—the reliability of this technology. Through an original study analyzing numerous state and federal court opinions, this Article exposes the implications of law enforcement’s reliance on these practices given the weighty interests …
Restrictive Pursuit Policies And Rising Violent Crime, Ryan Kelly
Restrictive Pursuit Policies And Rising Violent Crime, Ryan Kelly
Master of Arts in Criminal Justice Leadership
Consequences can be a driving factor for why citizens follow laws in the United States. Financial and physical freedom is valued. Citizen’s behavior may change if police officers threaten to take these things away for breaking laws. Policymakers today are working to restrict when law enforcement officers can chase criminals for breaking the law. Suppose the ability of law enforcement to hold criminals accountable is restricted. Would this not lead a reasonable person to believe that criminals may think they are free to commit crimes? This paper will cover current trends in violent crime in both the United States and …
Police Brutality & Unions: Collective Bargaining Is The Problem, Not Law Enforcement, Falco Anthony Muscante Ii
Police Brutality & Unions: Collective Bargaining Is The Problem, Not Law Enforcement, Falco Anthony Muscante Ii
University of Miami Race & Social Justice Law Review
When Derek Chauvin knelt on George Floyd’s neck for more than nine minutes, and when Jason Van Dyke fired sixteen rounds at Laquan McDonald who was walking away from the responding officers, were Chauvin and Van Dyke acting exclusively of their own volition, or were their actions indicative of a deeper, systemic issue? Nearly 60% of law enforcement officers enjoy collective bargaining protections from their police unions, but these protections create a lack of accountability.
Police unions can bargain collectively with police departments because of state legislation, which typically allow for negotiation over matters affecting wages, hours, and terms and …
Office Of Attorney General Peter F. Neronha, Attorney General: Access To Public Records Act, Open Meetings Act, Attorney General, State Of Rhode Island, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Office Of Attorney General Peter F. Neronha, Attorney General: Access To Public Records Act, Open Meetings Act, Attorney General, State Of Rhode Island, Roger Williams University School Of Law
School of Law Conferences, Lectures & Events
No abstract provided.
The Racialized History Of Vice Policing, India Thusi
The Racialized History Of Vice Policing, India Thusi
Articles by Maurer Faculty
Vice policing targets the consumption and commercialization of certain pleasures that have been criminalized in the United States—such as the purchase of narcotics and sexual services. One might assume that vice policing is concerned with eliminating these vices. However, in reality, this form of policing has not been centered on protecting and preserving the moral integrity of the policed communities by eradicating vice. Instead, the history of vice policing provides an example of the racialized nature of policing in the United States. Vice policing has been focused on (1) maintaining racial segregation, (2) containing vice in marginalized communities, and (3) …
Qualified Immunity And The Unintentional, Or Intentional, Chill On Free Speech, Madison Heiney
Qualified Immunity And The Unintentional, Or Intentional, Chill On Free Speech, Madison Heiney
Indiana Journal of Law and Social Equality
No abstract provided.
Law Enforcement Recruitment, Why It Matters, And Key Management Decisions, Part Two, Patrick Oliver
Law Enforcement Recruitment, Why It Matters, And Key Management Decisions, Part Two, Patrick Oliver
History and Government Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
To The Court Of Last Resort: A Prosecutorial Roadmap In The Aftermath Of State Violence In Chile And Colombia, David F. Scollan
To The Court Of Last Resort: A Prosecutorial Roadmap In The Aftermath Of State Violence In Chile And Colombia, David F. Scollan
University of Miami Inter-American Law Review
A great deal of academic research and writing has been done on the most glaring examples of war crimes and crimes against humanity. But, only a small cadre of authors have endeavored to identify the ‘lower limit’ of when state action qualifies as these heinous acts. This Note strives to add to that area of legal scholarship aimed at bringing instances of in-country state perpetrated violence out from the behind the veil of sovereign police action and into the spotlight to call them what they are: crimes worthy of international condemnation and punishment. Specifically, this Note unpacks two spasms of …
Black And Blue Police Arbitration Reforms, Michael Z. Green
Black And Blue Police Arbitration Reforms, Michael Z. Green
Faculty Scholarship
The racial justice protests that engulfed the country after seeing a video of the appalling killing of a Black male, George Floyd, by a Minnesota police officer in 2020 has led to a tremendous number of questions about dealing with racial issues in policing. Similar concerns arose a little more than fifty years ago when police unions gained power to respond to the civil rights protests occurring during those times by establishing strong protections for their officers in light of brutality claims. This rhythmic progression of protests and union responses is destined to continue without any lasting reforms focused on …
Was Atwater V. Lago Vista Decided Correctly? The Fourth Amendment's Shadow And Simulacra Of Police Brutality And The American Dream, Charles Lincoln
Was Atwater V. Lago Vista Decided Correctly? The Fourth Amendment's Shadow And Simulacra Of Police Brutality And The American Dream, Charles Lincoln
Barry Law Review
No abstract provided.
Alternative Approaches To Police Interventions When Responding To Mental Health Crises Incidents, Karen Rivera Apolinar
Alternative Approaches To Police Interventions When Responding To Mental Health Crises Incidents, Karen Rivera Apolinar
Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations
Purpose: This study explored mental health workers perspectives on alternative approaches in responding to mental health crises.
The study was carried out in Southern California, in collaboration with mental health workers who currently work or previously have worked in mental health crisis. It adopted a post-positivists paradigm and data was gathered through individual interviews with mental health workers who have direct experience with mental health crisis response in the community and with the police. The twenty participants in the study were men and women working in the mental health field, and of various backgrounds, licensures, and ages.
The study found …
Law School News: Joyce And Bill Cummings Of Cummings Foundation To Deliver Keynote Address At Rwu Commencement 4-20-2023, Jill Rodrigues
Law School News: Joyce And Bill Cummings Of Cummings Foundation To Deliver Keynote Address At Rwu Commencement 4-20-2023, Jill Rodrigues
Life of the Law School (1993- )
No abstract provided.
Police Officers' Perceptions Regarding Their Interactions With The Disabled In Kankakee County, Jilliann English
Police Officers' Perceptions Regarding Their Interactions With The Disabled In Kankakee County, Jilliann English
Scholar Week 2016 - present
Background
Previous research shows the rate of crime against people with disabilities is significantly higher than the general population (Child et al., 2011). Despite this, gaps in the training and resources for officers to assist those with disabilities may exist (Gardner, Campbell, and Westdal, 2019). Eadens et al. (2008) explored this issue by evaluating officer attitudes towards intellectual disabilities. Kankakee County has a significant disabled population (CHSA, 2019), and Illinois is ranked very low in the improvement of related policies (ANCOR, 2019), making this an area of interest.
Methods
This study utilized the modified version of the Social Distance Questionnaire …
Criminogenic Risks Of Interrogation, Margareth Etienne, Richard Mcadams
Criminogenic Risks Of Interrogation, Margareth Etienne, Richard Mcadams
Indiana Law Journal
In the United States, moral minimization is a pervasive police interrogation tactic in which the detective minimizes the moral seriousness and harm of the offense, suggesting that anyone would have done the same thing under the circumstances, and casting blame away from the offender and onto the victim or society. The goal of these minimizations is to reinforce the guilty suspect’s own rationalizations or “neutralizations” of the crime. The official theory—posited in the police training manuals that recommend the tactic—is that minimizations encourage confessions by lowering the guilt or shame of associated with confessing to the crime. Yet the same …
Reducing Community Violence While Protecting Civil Rights, Kami Chavis
Reducing Community Violence While Protecting Civil Rights, Kami Chavis
Popular Media
No abstract provided.
Qualified Knowledge: The Case For Considering Actual Knowledge In Qualified Immunity Jurisprudence As It Relates To The First Amendment Right To Record, Carly Laforge
William & Mary Law Review
This Note argues that this particular finding of the Frasier court is both pragmatically and philosophically problematic. By design, the qualified immunity doctrine seeks to shield police officers from civil rights lawsuits. However, prioritizing assumed knowledge over actual knowledge in determining what qualifies as a clearly established constitutional right harms the citizens that law enforcement officers have sworn to protect and serve. While traditional delineations of clearly established rights have involved appeals to precedent, public policy concerns are also important considerations in the qualified immunity analysis. In this way, Frasier is especially concerning in that it prioritizes the total defense …
Crimes Of Suspicion, Lauryn P. Gouldin
Crimes Of Suspicion, Lauryn P. Gouldin
Emory Law Journal
Requiring that officers have suspicion of specific crimes before they seize people during stops or arrests is a fundamental rule-of-law limitation on government power. Until very recently, the Supreme Court studiously avoided saying whether reasonable suspicion for street and traffic stops must be crime specific, and lower courts are sharply divided as a result. Statements made in Kansas v. Glover that the Fourth Amendment requires reasonable suspicion of a “particular crime” or of “specific criminal activity” may reflect an effort to rehabilitate this foundational principle, but crime specificity was not the Court’s focus in Glover. Meanwhile, Fourth Amendment scholars, even …
Helping The Helpers: The Role Of Organizational Support And Peer Influence On Police Officer Receptivity To Employee Assistance Programs, Kenneth Quick
Publications and Research
Purpose – This study aims to investigate critical differences between police officer willingness to use and recommend an employee assistance program (EAP) to a peer, including the relationship between officer perceptions of macro-level organizational support and micro-level EAP support.
Design/methodology/approach – A survey of 213 police officers from a large, urban police department in the Northeast United States of America is used to evaluate the relationship between officer perceptions of the EAP and the officers’ willingness to use and recommend the EAP to peers. Generalized linear regression models are used to evaluate the moderating effect of perceived organizational support (POS) …
Seeking Consent And The Law Of Sexual Assault, Lisa Avalos
Seeking Consent And The Law Of Sexual Assault, Lisa Avalos
Journal Articles
This article focuses on two neglected aspects of rape law. First, its tendency to presume sexual consent across a range of social contexts, overlooking the fact that much social life is predicated on a presumption against sexual contact. Second, its tendency to ignore a critical empirical fact: that an overwhelmingly large number of sexual assaults occur during the first-ever sexual contact between the specific parties involved—what I term “First Encounters.” The relationship between these two facets of rape law is crucial. Whereas much of social life operates with an underlying presumption that people have not consented to sex with others …