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Prospective Of Foreign Prosecution History Estoppel In Korean Patent Litigation, Hyung Joon Lee
Prospective Of Foreign Prosecution History Estoppel In Korean Patent Litigation, Hyung Joon Lee
Hyung Joon Lee
This Article responds to an emerging view, in patent litigation, to employ foreign prosecution history estoppel as a doctrine in claim construction. In this regard, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (hereinafter, referred to as CAFC) has found a representation made during a patent litigation in Korea to be effective as a prosecution history estoppel in a U.S. patent infringement suit, i.e., AstraZeneca v. Andrx Pharmaceuticals (04-1562). This Article reviews the foundation of this decision, such as Doctrine of Equivalents and Prosecution History Estoppel. Subsequently, the present Article examines several important cases to analyze the applicability …
How (Not) To Discourage The Unscrupulous Copyist, Peter L. Ludwig
How (Not) To Discourage The Unscrupulous Copyist, Peter L. Ludwig
Peter L. Ludwig
This short article explores how the U.S. and Japanese courts implement the doctrine of equivalence when determining patent infringement. The doctrine of equivalence is a balance of, on one hand, the public’s interest to know the metes and bounds of the patent; and on the other hand, the private interest of the patentee to be granted a sufficient scope for the granted patent. After comparing and contrasting the courts’ implementation of the doctrine, I propose a new method that places the burden on the patent practitioner, before infringement proceedings begin, to determine the proper scope of the patent.
Construing Patent Claims In Light Of The Specification Versus Importing Claim Limitations From The Specification: Is There Any Difference?, Robbie R. Harmer
Construing Patent Claims In Light Of The Specification Versus Importing Claim Limitations From The Specification: Is There Any Difference?, Robbie R. Harmer
Robbie R Harmer
Patent litigation often turns on the meaning of words in patent claims. Though litigants, licensees, assignees, and examiners at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) all must interpret, or construe, patent claims at some point in the lifetime of a patent, judges have the final say as to the scope and meaning of the words in patent claims. Judges’ interpretive methodologies raise questions about the relationship between the claims and the specification. The Federal Circuit, having exclusive appellate jurisdiction over patents, has established that courts should construe patent claims “in light of” the patent specification. On the other hand, …
Allocating Patent Rights Between Earlier And Later Inventions, Charles Adams
Allocating Patent Rights Between Earlier And Later Inventions, Charles Adams
Charles W. Adams
Allocating Patent Rights Between Earlier and Later Inventions By Charles W. Adams Abstract The patent statutes expressly authorize patents for improvements to earlier inventions, but they do not address the allocation of rights between the patents for the original inventions and the after-arising technology. From an economic standpoint, the allocation of patent rights should depend on the relative contribution of the original inventor and the improver and on the effect that the allocation would have on their respective incentives. Improvements on earlier inventions may give rise to blocking patents in which the permission of both the original inventor and the …
Untapped Inventive Potential In U.S. Communities, Michael Meehan
Untapped Inventive Potential In U.S. Communities, Michael Meehan
Michael Meehan PhD
This paper combines the 2000 U.S. Census data and the National Bureau of Economic Research’s (NBER) Patent Citation Data File in order to analyze how certain community-level population and community factors correlate with overall patenting and relative rates of assigned and unassigned patenting. Among the interesting findings discussed are that, in addition to the fact that overall patenting increased with higher populations of employed people, higher populations of people with either terminal undergraduate or master’s degrees, and higher median income, the overall rates of patenting decreased, and did not merely remain the level, as the other sectors of a communities’ …
To © Or Not To ©? Copyright And Innovation In The Digital Typeface Industry, Jacqueline D. Lipton
To © Or Not To ©? Copyright And Innovation In The Digital Typeface Industry, Jacqueline D. Lipton
Jacqueline D Lipton
Intellectual property rights are often justified by utilitarian theory. However, recent scholarship suggests that creativity thrives in some industries in the absence of intellectual property protection. These industries might be called IP’s negative spaces. One such industry that has received little scholarly attention is the typeface industry. This industry has recently digitized. Its adoption of digital processes has altered its market structure in ways that necessitate reconsideration of its IP negative status, with particular emphasis on copyright. This article considers the historical denial of copyright protection for typefaces in the United States, and examines arguments both for and against extending …
Securitization Of Patents And Its Continued Viability In Light Of The Current Economic Conditions, Aleksandar Nikolic
Securitization Of Patents And Its Continued Viability In Light Of The Current Economic Conditions, Aleksandar Nikolic
Aleksandar Nikolic
No abstract provided.
A Question Of Deference: Contrasting The Patent And Trademark Jurisdiction Of The Federal Circuit, Brian Dean Abramson
A Question Of Deference: Contrasting The Patent And Trademark Jurisdiction Of The Federal Circuit, Brian Dean Abramson
Brian Dean Abramson Esq.
This article details the various routes by which a patent or trademark matter may fall within the purview of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, and the divergent jurisdictional approach taken by the Federal Circuit to these different areas of law. This article was a top five finalist out of 125 submissions to the Federal Circuit Bar Association’s 2009 George Hutchinson Writing Competition.
The Public Domain In Intellectual Property: Beyond The Metaphor Of A Domain, Severine Dusollier
The Public Domain In Intellectual Property: Beyond The Metaphor Of A Domain, Severine Dusollier
Severine Dusollier
No abstract provided.
User Innovator Community Norms At The Boundary Between Academic And Industrial Research, Katherine J. Strandburg
User Innovator Community Norms At The Boundary Between Academic And Industrial Research, Katherine J. Strandburg
Katherine J. Strandburg
In this essay, I consider norms of sharing research tools and materials in what has been called Pasteur’s Quadrant, in which basic science and applied research overlap. I employ a user innovation paradigm, along with a rational choice approach to social norms, to address the issue. The convergence of academic research with commercial interests has two different types of consequences for sharing norms. First, a research tool or material developed in a nonprofit research context may be a dual-purpose innovation with both research and nonresearch uses. Thus, for example, a genetic assay may be useful in research and as a …
Norms And The Sharing Of Research Materials And Tacit Knowledge, Katherine J. Strandburg
Norms And The Sharing Of Research Materials And Tacit Knowledge, Katherine J. Strandburg
Katherine J. Strandburg
As discussed in Wesley Cohen’s chapter in this volume, recent empirical studies have documented that scientists experience increasing difficulty obtaining tangible research materials from other scientists, while they express fewer concerns than many had anticipated about do-it-yourself tools that can be made in the laboratory, even when those tools are patented. In this Chapter I use a rational choice model of social norms to elucidate some factors that affect the likelihood that a research community will adopt a sharing norm. Based on those factors, I discuss some means by which sharing of tangible research materials can be encouraged. The analysis …
Evolving Innovation Paradigms And The Global Intellectual Property Regime, Katherine J. Strandburg
Evolving Innovation Paradigms And The Global Intellectual Property Regime, Katherine J. Strandburg
Katherine J. Strandburg
Since the negotiation of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS) in 1994, the innovative landscape has undergone dramatic changes due to technological advances in fields such as biotechnology, nanotechnology, and digital communications and computation. The increasing potential for user innovation and open and collaborative innovation has brought an explosion of innovative activity that does not fit into the sales-oriented, mass market model which underlies the global intellectual property regime. In this Article, I argue that the debate over global governance of innovation should be expanded to account more fully for the implications of these changes. For the …