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Full-Text Articles in Law

A Critical Librarianship Approach For Teaching Patent Searching: Who Becomes An Inventor In America?, Dave Zwicky, Ilana Stonebraker Dec 2023

A Critical Librarianship Approach For Teaching Patent Searching: Who Becomes An Inventor In America?, Dave Zwicky, Ilana Stonebraker

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

The ways in which a technology is invented, owned, and approved are strongly influenced by the same oppressive and exclusionary structures that critical librarianship interrogates. Patents, limited-term grants of rights to inventions, are issued to inventors in exchange for detailed specifications of the invention. This paper examines current practices used by business librarians in teaching students how to find patents and how these practices could be critically informed given the nature of the United States patent system as it exists today. An output of this work is a suggested lesson plan with recommended resources.


Pop & Perjury: The Irs Valuation War With The Estate Of Michael Jackson, Beckett Cantley, Geoffrey Dietrich Dec 2022

Pop & Perjury: The Irs Valuation War With The Estate Of Michael Jackson, Beckett Cantley, Geoffrey Dietrich

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

When Michael Jackson died unexpectedly in Los Angeles, California, on June 25, 2009, his career and earnings were nearing an all-time low. Plagued by past sexual abuse allegations, scandals, and questionable health, Michael Jackson’s personal finances were purported to be in complete disarray. However, following his unexpected death, the value of his estate, which was reported to be near to nothing, swelled as the world remembered his beloved contributions to the world and began to purchase accordingly. Sales of Michael Jackson’s music began to soar high. The estate’s value soared even higher as it signed licensing agreements and released new …


Intellectual Property, Secrets, And Declassified Information. Mastering United States Government Information: Sources And Services, Christopher C. Brown, Libraries Unlimited, 2020., Suzanne Reinman May 2021

Intellectual Property, Secrets, And Declassified Information. Mastering United States Government Information: Sources And Services, Christopher C. Brown, Libraries Unlimited, 2020., Suzanne Reinman

Journal of the Patent and Trademark Resource Center Association

No abstract provided.


Did The America Invents Act Change University Technology Transfer?, Cynthia L. Dahl Jan 2021

Did The America Invents Act Change University Technology Transfer?, Cynthia L. Dahl

All Faculty Scholarship

University technology transfer offices (TTOs) are the gatekeepers to groundbreaking innovations sparked in research laboratories around the U.S. With a business model reliant on patenting and licensing out for commercialization, TTOs were positioned for upheaval when the America Invents Act (AIA) transformed U.S. patent law in 2011. Now almost ten years later, this article examines the AIA’s actual effects on this patent-centric industry. It focuses on the five key areas of most interest to TTOs: i) first to file priority; ii) broadening of the universe of prior art; iii) carve-out to the prior commercial use defense; iv) micro-entity fees; and …


Dr. Marye. Maida Order Denying Defendant Clerisy Corporation’S Motion For Interlocutory Injunction And Plaintiffs’ Motion For Judgment On The Pleadings, John J. Goger Dec 2020

Dr. Marye. Maida Order Denying Defendant Clerisy Corporation’S Motion For Interlocutory Injunction And Plaintiffs’ Motion For Judgment On The Pleadings, John J. Goger

Georgia Business Court Opinions

No abstract provided.


Reviewing Inter Partes Review Five Years In: The View From University Technology Transfer Offices, Cynthia L. Dahl Jan 2020

Reviewing Inter Partes Review Five Years In: The View From University Technology Transfer Offices, Cynthia L. Dahl

All Faculty Scholarship

With the implementation of the inter partes review (IPR) proceeding under the America Invents Act in 2012, university technology transfer offices (TTOS) were worried that the value of their patents might be irreparably harmed. With IPR proceedings making patent challenges easy, relatively inexpensive, and a threat extending over the lifetime of a patent, TTOs wondered if IPRs might do nothing short of undermining their licensing business model.

However, although IPRs have irreparably changed the patent infringement landscape outside of the university setting, the effect on university patents has not been nearly as severe. This chapter explores why that might be …


The Football As Intellectual Property Object, Michael J. Madison Jan 2019

The Football As Intellectual Property Object, Michael J. Madison

Book Chapters

The histories of technology and culture are filled with innovations that emerged and took root by being shared widely, only to be succeeded by eras of growth framed by intellectual property. The Internet is a modern example. The football, also known as the pelota, ballon, bola, balón, and soccer ball, is another, older, and broader one. The football lies at the core of football. Intersections between the football and intellectual property law are relatively few in number, but the football supplies a focal object through which the great themes of intellectual property have shaped the game: origins; innovation and …


Using Ai To Analyze Patent Claim Indefiniteness, Dean Alderucci, Kevin D. Ashley Jan 2019

Using Ai To Analyze Patent Claim Indefiniteness, Dean Alderucci, Kevin D. Ashley

Articles

In this Article, we describe how to use artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to partially automate a type of legal analysis, determining whether a patent claim satisfies the definiteness requirement. Although fully automating such a high-level cognitive task is well beyond state-of-the-art AI, we show that AI can nevertheless assist the decision maker in making this determination. Specifically, the use of custom AI technology can aid the decision maker by (1) mining patent text to rapidly bring relevant information to the decision maker attention, and (2) suggesting simple inferences that can be drawn from that information.

We begin by summarizing the …


Intellectual Property And Competition, Herbert J. Hovenkamp Jan 2019

Intellectual Property And Competition, Herbert J. Hovenkamp

All Faculty Scholarship

A legal system that relies on private property rights to promote economic development must consider that profits can come from two different sources. First, both competition under constant technology and innovation promote economic growth by granting many of the returns to the successful developer. Competition and innovation both increase output, whether measured by quantity or quality. Second, however, profits can come from practices that reduce output, in some cases by reducing quantity, or in others by reducing innovation.

IP rights and competition policy were traditionally regarded as in conflict. IP rights create monopoly, which was thought to be inimical to …


Chinese Innovation And Global Integration- Theoretical Framework Of Perceived Insecurities In University Technology Transfer, Clovia Hamilton Oct 2018

Chinese Innovation And Global Integration- Theoretical Framework Of Perceived Insecurities In University Technology Transfer, Clovia Hamilton

Winthrop Faculty and Staff Publications

University technology transfer is growing in China and is vital to China’s innovation and intellectual property program. This paper provides a literature review used to create a theoretical framework for explaining conflicts between university technology transfer participants. Economic development and business competitiveness relies on innovation and intellectual property generation. Given increased investments in university research and Chinese universities, it is important to be aware of conflicts between university technology transfer office staff and faculty within academic exchanges. University technology transfer is growing in China and is vital to China’s innovation and intellectual property program. Conflicts between university technology transfer participants …


Black Americans Past And Present Created Frugal Innovations And Embraced Circular Economy Principles: The Marketing Dilemma, Clovia Hamilton Oct 2018

Black Americans Past And Present Created Frugal Innovations And Embraced Circular Economy Principles: The Marketing Dilemma, Clovia Hamilton

Winthrop Faculty and Staff Publications

Frugal innovation is the practice whereby the rich learns from innovations developed in poor countries, and there is purportedly a current rivalry between India and China in the frugal innovation arena. This research advocates that the concept of frugal innovation did not originate in Asia or India. The practice of the rich taking the poor’s innovations is not new. In particular, Black American slaves and freed slaves developed a number of inventions in poverty conditions. It is imperative that frugal innovation research be more historically accurate so as to reduce the marginalization of contributions developed by poor innovators and to …


Domestic Asset Tracing And Recovery Of Hidden Assets And The Spoils Of Financial Crime, Nathan Wadlinger, Carl Pacini, Nicole Stowell, William Hopwood, Debra Sinclair Jun 2018

Domestic Asset Tracing And Recovery Of Hidden Assets And The Spoils Of Financial Crime, Nathan Wadlinger, Carl Pacini, Nicole Stowell, William Hopwood, Debra Sinclair

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract forthcoming


"Anticipating Risk" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Anticipating Risk" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses.


"Beyond The New Economy: The Other Technology Revolution" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Beyond The New Economy: The Other Technology Revolution" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses. While the book refers to the Internet as perhaps the most significant technological change in the 21st century, computer technology, microbiology, and many other fields have undergone similar explosions in innovation.


"Avoiding The Unintended Franchise" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Avoiding The Unintended Franchise" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses. The FTC Franchise Rule is not the only law regulating franchise relationships. Many states also have versions of disclosure laws or laws requiring fair dealing. The states with fair dealing regulations enforce state-based legal obligations on the franchisor that cannot be modified by the contractual terms. The intersection of federal law with the array of state regulations make the issuance of a franchise complex. A company should not …


"Business Models Of The Digital Economy" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Business Models Of The Digital Economy" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses.


"Critical Elements For The Information Enterprise" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Critical Elements For The Information Enterprise" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses. Information, like any other type of property, has value to the extent that it meets the standards of relevance to the recipient. Relevance may be based in part on exclusivity, but it is also based on the reliability, resilience, and security of the information. Particularly when the information is data rather than entertainment content, these features will determine the success or failure of the enterprise. Without all three …


"Becoming A Franchisor" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Becoming A Franchisor" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses. Although the approach to franchising is generally to protect the naïve new business owner from being overwhelmed by the obligations of a new business, there are considerable benefits to owning and operating a franchise as well. It is a very common, popular, and profitable method for building a national or even global brand.


"Design Thinking As A Process To Find Relevance" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Design Thinking As A Process To Find Relevance" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses.


"Documenting The Limited Liability Company" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Documenting The Limited Liability Company" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses. For most small businesses, the LLC provides the best choice in terms of limiting liability, providing partnership-like tax benefits, and allowing for management provisions that are narrowly tailored to the objectives of the participants. Subchapter S corporations have the same potential tax structure as the LLC and allow for the shareholders to also be managers, but the corporate laws in most states have many provisions and requirements that …


"Disruptive Innovation And Tsunami Stressors" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Disruptive Innovation And Tsunami Stressors" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses.


"Exclusivity In Retail: Brand Stores And Exclusive Offers" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Exclusivity In Retail: Brand Stores And Exclusive Offers" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses.


"Exclusivity In Manufacturing And Service" In The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Exclusivity In Manufacturing And Service" In The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses. Manufacturing is the most common realm for process innovation and efficiency goals. Patents allow manufacturers to maintain extended exclusivity in their products. Trade secrets protect the methods of creating the products and the inside know-how on the best way to get the job done. Copyright is useful to protect the text of the manuals, brochures, and other printed materials, diagrams, and tools that assist with the products. Finally, …


"Exclusivity In Retail: The Restaurant Business" In The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Exclusivity In Retail: The Restaurant Business" In The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses. Since the restaurant business is a highly competitive sector with high risks, a large failure rate, and a product difficult to customize, it seems appropriate that restaurants provide the leading examples in how best to apply trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and publicity rights to create relevance and exclusivity as a way to gain market share and financial success.


"Exclusivity In The New Economy: Internet Businesses" In The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Exclusivity In The New Economy: Internet Businesses" In The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses.


"Exclusivity In The New Economy: Software Strategies" In The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Exclusivity In The New Economy: Software Strategies" In The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses.


"Paying For Exclusivity: Financing And Business Structuring" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Paying For Exclusivity: Financing And Business Structuring" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses.


"Identifying The Entrepreneur’S Goal For The Business" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Identifying The Entrepreneur’S Goal For The Business" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses. An important decision to the development of a start-up business is the purpose for launching that business in the life of the entrepreneur. The purpose will, in turn, strongly influence decisions about where to raise money to start the venture and how to organize the ownership. This short exploration of the psychology behind the entrepreneur’s motivation should help predict which decisions will most likely help the business goals.


"Franchising Basics For Franchisees" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Franchising Basics For Franchisees" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses. A franchise is a license or agreement to use the existing business model provided by a company, including its trademarks, recipes and other know-how, its patented products, and processes, in exchange for agreeing to pay the company for the license and to adhere to a set of rules or guidelines on how the business is expected to operate. The company selling the franchise license is the franchisor and …


"Proper Uses Of The Business Plan" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon Jan 2018

"Proper Uses Of The Business Plan" From The Entrepreneur’S Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, Jon Garon

Faculty Scholarship

This article is part of a series of book excerpts from The Entrepreneur’s Intellectual Property & Business Handbook, which provides the business, strategy, and legal reference guide for start-ups and small businesses. A useful business plan provides a blueprint for the operations, direction, and growth of a business. It explains the needs for funding, anticipates the cash flow operations of the business, highlights strategic partnerships, and serves as a proof-of-concept for key partners. The credibility of the business plan will help investors, founders, suppliers, lenders, and other key partners be able to assess the thoughtfulness and planfulness that has gone …