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Full-Text Articles in Law
Ip Basics: Copyright In Visual Arts, Thomas G. Field Jr.
Ip Basics: Copyright In Visual Arts, Thomas G. Field Jr.
Law Faculty Scholarship
This discussion focuses on the needs of free-lance artists, craftspeople, photographers, sculptors and the like.
Food For Thought: Genetically Modified Seeds As De Facto Standard Essential Patents, Benjamin M. Cole, Brent J. Horton, Ryan G. Vacca
Food For Thought: Genetically Modified Seeds As De Facto Standard Essential Patents, Benjamin M. Cole, Brent J. Horton, Ryan G. Vacca
Law Faculty Scholarship
For several years, courts have been improperly calculating damages in cases involving the unlicensed use of genetically-modified (GM) seed technology. In particular, when courts determine patent damages based on the hypothetical negotiation method, they err in exaggerating these damages to a point where no rational negotiator would agree. In response, we propose a limited affirmative defense of an implied license due to the patent’s status as a de facto standard essential patent. To be classified as a de facto standard essential patent, the farmer must prove three elements that reflect the peculiarities of GM seeds used in farming: (1) dominance, …
Patent Invalidity Versus Noninfringement, Roger Allen Ford
Patent Invalidity Versus Noninfringement, Roger Allen Ford
Law Faculty Scholarship
Most patent scholars agree that the Patent and Trademark Office grants too many invalid patents and that these patents impose a significant tax upon industry and technological innovation. Although policymakers and scholars have proposed various ways to address this problem, including better ex ante review by patent examiners and various forms of ex post administrative review, district courts invalidating patents in litigation remain a core defense against bad patents. This article analyzes a previously unidentified impediment to the use of district courts to invalidate patents. Nearly every patent lawsuit rises or falls on one of two defenses: invalidity or noninfringement. …
Safe Harbor For The Innocent Infringer In The Digital Age, Tonya M. Evans
Safe Harbor For The Innocent Infringer In The Digital Age, Tonya M. Evans
Law Faculty Scholarship
The primary goal of this Article is three-fold: (1) to explore the role of the innocent infringer archetype historically and in the digital age; (2) to highlight the tension between customary and generally accepted online uses and copyright law that compromise efficient use of technology and progress of the digital technologies, the Internet, and society at large; and (3) to offer a legislative fix in the form of safe harbor for direct innocent infringers. Such an exemption seems not only more efficient but also more just in the online environment where unwitting infringement for the average copyright consumer is far …
Stolen Valor & The First Amendment: Does Trademark Infringement Law Leave Congress An Opening?, Susan Richey, John M. Greabe
Stolen Valor & The First Amendment: Does Trademark Infringement Law Leave Congress An Opening?, Susan Richey, John M. Greabe
Law Faculty Scholarship
This paper elaborates an argument the authors presented in an amicus brief filed in United States v. Alvarez, the "Stolen Valor" case. The paper contends that Congress could constitutionally protect the Congressional Medal of Honor as a collective membership mark by means of trademark infringement legislation.
Freedom-To-Operate In The Crop Sciences: Procedure, Stanley P. Kowalski
Freedom-To-Operate In The Crop Sciences: Procedure, Stanley P. Kowalski
Law Faculty Scholarship
Freedom to operate (FTO) is the ability to proceed with research, development and commercialization of a crop science product, while fully accounting for any potential risks of infringing activity, that is, whether a product can be made, used, sold, offered for sale, or exported, with a minimal risk of infringing the unlicensed intellectual property rights (IPRs) or tangible property rights (TPRs) of another. An FTO analysis begins with the ‘FTO team’ systematically dissecting the crop science product into the components, combination of components, processes and germplasm that went into its research and development. This is followed by generating a series …
Brief Survey Of And Proposal For Better Reconciliation Of The Options In Patent, Trademark, Copyright And Related Law, Thomas G. Field Jr
Brief Survey Of And Proposal For Better Reconciliation Of The Options In Patent, Trademark, Copyright And Related Law, Thomas G. Field Jr
Law Faculty Scholarship
Taking up trademarks, patents, copyrights, and trade secrets (in that order), [this article] will attempt to summarize briefly the ways in which such rights arise, are perfected, and are enforced. It will also discuss a hypothetical in which all of these options will be discussed in a comparative way. Finally, it will suggest that basic improvements in the area could be realized by dispensing with the often confusing and arbitrary subject matter distinctions which characterize the various subparts of the present intellectual property system.