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Federalism, Diversity, Equality, And Article Iii Judges: Geography, Identity, And Bias , Sharon E. Rush
Federalism, Diversity, Equality, And Article Iii Judges: Geography, Identity, And Bias , Sharon E. Rush
Missouri Law Review
Each individual has a background, and that background shapes the individual's views about life, creating an inevitable form of bias referred to as "experiential bias." Experiential bias is shaped by many identity traits, including, among others, race, sex, sexual orientation, religion and even geography. The geographic identity of state judges and their potential unfair experiential bias is the common justification for federal court diversity jurisdiction. But experiential bias is inescapable, affecting everyone who's ever had an experience, and is generally not unfair, as demonstrated by most studies regarding the "fairness" justification for diversity jurisdiction. More recently, Justice O'Connor connected racial …
Federalism And Horizontality In International Human Rights , Margaret E. Mcguinness
Federalism And Horizontality In International Human Rights , Margaret E. Mcguinness
Missouri Law Review
The advent of the international human rights system is one of the many changes to international law since the time Missouri v. Holland was decided. As other contributions to this symposium note, one of the challenging federalism questions raised by Holland in this new era is the effect of international human rights treaties and emerging customary international human rights law on U.S. states. And just as the creation of the international human rights regime has affected domestic analysis of federalism, the international human rights system has itself adjusted to the processes of federalism. The human rights regime is largely structured …
Foreign Affairs, International Law, And The New Federalism: Lessons From Coordination, Robert B. Ahdieh
Foreign Affairs, International Law, And The New Federalism: Lessons From Coordination, Robert B. Ahdieh
Missouri Law Review
Even after the departure of two of its most prominent advocates - Chief Justice William Rehnquist and Justice Sandra Day O'Connor - the federalism revolution initiated by the Supreme Court almost twenty years ago continues its onward advance. If recent court decisions and congressional legislation are any indication, in fact, it may have reached a new beachhead in the realm of foreign affairs and international law. The emerging federalism in foreign affairs and international law is of a distinct form, however, with distinct implications for the relationship of sub-national, national, and international institutions and interests. This article draws on the …
Federalism And International Law Through The Lens Of Legal Pluralism, Paul Schiff Berman
Federalism And International Law Through The Lens Of Legal Pluralism, Paul Schiff Berman
Missouri Law Review
In this brief Essay, then, I wish to engage in a thought experiment by looking at both federalism and international law through a pluralist rather than a sovereigntist lens. First, I summarize the pluralist literature and some of its core insights and suggest that scholars interested in international law (and its relationship with domestic law) would do well to consider this literature. Second, I provide a few examples of jurisdictional redundancy operating in the transnational, international, and federalist realm and show how the existence of multiple fora can both empower voices that might otherwise be silenced and effect changes of …
Foreword, Margaret E. Mcguinness
Foreword, Margaret E. Mcguinness
Missouri Law Review
Columbia, Missouri is a fitting venue at which to continue the conversation about Missouri v. Holland and explore the intersection of law-making at the international, national and sub-national levels. This symposium revisits the debate over national and local control over foreign affairs and brings together the constitutional doctrinal discussion and accounts of the globalization of regulation that consider the complexity of influences operating within and between multiple systems of law. Both the factual background of Holland (primarily a case about environmental regulation) and the doctrinal context in which it arose (a Supreme Court poised to move toward constitutional endorsement of …
What Story Got Wrong - Federalism, Localist Opportunism And International Law, Paul B. Stephan
What Story Got Wrong - Federalism, Localist Opportunism And International Law, Paul B. Stephan
Missouri Law Review
I first explain the theoretical underpinning of the argument against the inevitability of localist opportunism. I then illustrate the general theory with three examples where the international obligations of the United States can be met without the strong federal supervision that Story deemed necessary and that latter-day nationalists embrace. I first discuss the body of law that was the subject of Swift v. Tyson, namely the rules governing negotiable instruments. Story thought that developing a federal common law was necessary to thwart idiosyncratic, and presumably opportunistic, state decisions. Yet both before and after the overthrow of Swift v. Tyson in …
Internationalism Of American Federalism: Missouri And Holland, The, Judith Resnik
Internationalism Of American Federalism: Missouri And Holland, The, Judith Resnik
Missouri Law Review
This Earl F. Nelson Lecture, given at the University of Missouri School of Law's Symposium, Return to Missouri v. Holland: Federalism and International Law, developed from and overlaps with a series of articles including Ratifying Kyoto at the Local Level: Sovereigntism, Federalism, and Translocal Organizations of Government Actors (TOGAs), 50 ARIZ. L. REV. 709 (2008) (with Joshua Civin and Joseph Frueh); Lessons in Federalism from the 1960s Class Action Rule and the 2005 Class Action Fairness Act: "The Political Safeguards'" ofAggregate Translocal Actions, 156 U. PA. L. REv. 1929 (2008); Law as Affiliation: "Foreign " Law, Democratic Federalism, and the …
Our Federalism Changes Course: The Supreme Court Limits State Sovereign Immunity In Bankruptcy Actions, Benjamin C. Hassebrock
Our Federalism Changes Course: The Supreme Court Limits State Sovereign Immunity In Bankruptcy Actions, Benjamin C. Hassebrock
Missouri Law Review
Although sovereign immunity jurisprudence is not the most highly publicized topic of debate in the mainstream media, it has recently become a major source of contention on the Supreme Court. The flurry of sovereign immunity litigation that has reached the high court in the last decade has yielded mostly 5-4 decisions that have expanded the state's ability to assert immunity as a defense. Given this trend, few could have predicted the outcome of the court's decision in Central Virginia Community College v. Katz. In Katz, the 5-4 decision broke the other direction, and the court held that states had waived …
Misguided Federalism, Peter J. Henning
Misguided Federalism, Peter J. Henning
Missouri Law Review
Federalism has moved to the forefront of constitutional analysis in recent years as a narrow majority of the Supreme Court has begun to rein in congressional assertions of authority to legislate in areas viewed as beyond the constitutional grant of power to the federal government. One means of curtailing congressional authority is by enforcing limits on the Commerce Clause, perhaps the broadest of Congress’s regulatory powers. In United States v. Lopez, the Court sent a “constitutional wake-up call” making clear that it would no longer acquiesce in every congressional enactment purportedly adopted as an exercise of the commerce power when …
Conditional Spending And The First Amendment: Maintaining The Commitment To Rational Liberal Dialogue, Donald L. Beschle
Conditional Spending And The First Amendment: Maintaining The Commitment To Rational Liberal Dialogue, Donald L. Beschle
Missouri Law Review
Questions concerning the constitutional validity of conditions placed on recipients of government funds have a long history,' but they recently have received greater attention as the types of constitutional concerns have changed. Earlier cases dealt with issues of federalism, and claims that conditions unduly limited states in the exercise of their reserved powers. As courts moved to a generally consistent position of deference to Congressional choices concerning the proper distribution of power between the states and the national government, challenges to conditional spending faded in both their significance and interest.' This Article maintains that the government must take and express …