Law Commons^™

The Latest Chapter In The Saga Of A Spiritless Law: Detaining Haitian Asylum Seekers As A Violation Of The Spirit And The Letter Of International Law, Michael Rowan

University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class

No abstract provided.

The Unlawfulness Of The Use Or Threat Of Use Of Nuclear Weapons, Charles J. Moxley Jr.

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Our current policy is nuclear deterrence, whereby we threaten the use of nuclear weapons against any adversary who uses nuclear, chemical, biological, or even massive conventional weapons against us.

The Cedaw As A Collective Approach To Women's Rights, Brad R. Roth

Michigan Journal of International Law

This Article will identify the individualist paradigm with the main current of contemporary liberal-individualist political thought, and more specifically with the approach to women's rights reflected in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), which can be read most straightforwardly as reflecting a liberal-individualist conception of how the individual, society, and the State interrelate. This approach, dominant in the international human rights system as well as in the legal systems of some of the most influential States, can usefully be identified as that of the political Center.

Dueling Fates: Should The International Legal Regine Accept A Collective Or Individual Pradigm To Protect Women's Rights?, Michigan Journal Of International Law

Michigan Journal of International Law

Transcript for Symposium held at the University of Michigan Law School on Saturday, April 6, 2002.

Post-Colonialism, Gender, And Customary Injustice: Widows In African Societies, Uche Ewelukwa

Uche Ewelukwa

By amending discriminatory laws and practices related to the treatment of widows in Africa, widows can gain new rights based on evolving international human rights standards on equality. In Nigeria, both common law and statutes perpetuate discrimination against widows by subjecting them to dehumanizing treatment. The current laws ignore the deep social changes that have been present in Africa since the onset of colonialism. Due to the piecemeal way in which African legal systems were constructed, patently discriminatory laws are routinely upheld by the courts. This is done despite constitutional provisions espousing the principles of equality and non-discrimination, thereby creating …

Remembering Chrystal Macmillan: Women's Equality And Nationality In International Law, Karen Knop, Christine Chinkin

Michigan Journal of International Law

This article both continues and returns to the story of Chrystal Macmillan and the International Law Association. Some seventy-five years later, gender discrimination still exists in nationality law. For an American audience, Thailand's offer of nationality to U.S. golfer Tiger Woods, whose mother is Thai, highlighted the inequality of Thailand's laws on nationality. Although Thai women, as well as Thai men, can now pass their nationality to their children, the law continues to discriminate against women in other matters of nationality. Whereas the foreign wives of Thai men are specially entitled to apply for Thai nationality, the foreign husbands of …

Free Movement Of Persons In The European Union, National Borders And Legal Reforms: The Principle Of Non-Discrimination Based On Nationality (Article 12 Ect), Ana Salinas De Frias

University of Miami International and Comparative Law Review

No abstract provided.

Human Rights Abuses Of Dalits In India, Bina B. Hanchinamani

Human Rights Brief

No abstract provided.

Footprints Of Death: Cluster Bombs As Indiscriminate Weapons Under International Humanitarian Law, Virgil Wiebe

Michigan Journal of International Law

This Article applies these principles of discrimination to the real, rather than idealized, use and characteristics of cluster bombs. Briefly stated, these principles call upon parties to an armed conflict to distinguish between civilians and combatants and to weigh the military advantages of a particular weapon or type of attack against the harm it will do to civilians and civilian objects. This Article also considers briefly the global problem of cluster munitions and examines fundamental components of the discrimination principle as they apply to cluster bombs. As three specific case studies, it analyzes the use of cluster bombs by breakaway …

Bellum Americanum: The U.S. View Of Twenty-First-Century War And Its Possible Implications For The Law Of Armed Conflict, Michael Schmitt

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

State Successions And Statelessness: The Emerging Right To An Effective Nationality Under International Law, Jeffrey L. Blackman

Michigan Journal of International Law

This paper surveys some of the recent developments in international law relating to nationality and state succession, and suggests a growing convergence among several legal principles-specifically the principle of effective nationality, the individual right to a nationality and the corresponding duty of states to prevent statelessness, and the norm of nondiscrimination. At some point this convergence of such diverse areas of law as nationality, diplomatic protection, and human rights will impose positive duties on successor states with respect to their inherited populations: namely the duty to secure effective nationality for persons affected by state succession.

Immigration Laws As Instruments Of Discrimination: Legislation Designed To Limit Chinese Immigration Into The United Kingdom, Richard Klein

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

U.S. Ratification Of The Convention On The Elimination Of All Forms Of Discrimination Against Women, Julia Ernst

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

The purpose of this article is to highlight the need for ratification of the Convention by the United States, and to address arguments against ratification. Various concerns have been raised with respect to CEAFDAW, both specific to the United States and more international in scope. Some problems pertain to United States ratification generally, other issues concern potential conflicts between specific articles of the Convention and U.S. law, and broader problems have been raised with respect to international implementation. Most of these issues are not uncommon in international agreements, and may therefore be remedied through conventional mechanisms, including implementing legislation, reservations, …

Law And Racism In An Asian Setting: An Analysis Of The British Rule Of Hong Kong, Richard Klein

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Core Freedoms In Nigerian And U.S. Constitutions: A Study In Difference, Gordon A. Christenson

Faculty Articles and Other Publications

This article compares core freedoms in the United States Constitution with similar constitutional experience encountered in the Nigerian Constitution. It is a study in difference, illuminated by learned papers and discussion of these issues by judges, lawyers, professors, journalists and activists in Nigeria. Moreover, to add a third dimension, differences and similarities in constitutional experiences are shown within the contemporary framework of international norms.

Note, The Convention For The Elimination Of All Forms Of Discrimination Against Women: Radical, Reasonable, Or Reactionary?, Sarah C. Zearfoss

Michigan Journal of International Law

This Note will explore the merits behind these positions and attempt a resolution. If the potential effect of the Convention can only be to freeze and enshrine sex equality law as it currently exists, one who is interested in achieving changes in the law for the purpose of benefiting women will not want to put her energy into lobbying for ratification. It is therefore important to get past political strategies and determine what promise the Convention might hold for women in the United States. If the United States were to ratify the Convention, what changes, if any, would result?

Rule Of Law In A State Of Emergency, John P. Humphrey

Dalhousie Law Journal

Is there any such thing as an absolute human right? Part of the answer to this question will be found in article 4 of the United Nations' Convenant on Civil and Political Rights. The article says in part that "in time of public emergency which threatens the life of the nation ... the States Parties to the present Covenant may take measures derogating from their obligation under the present Covenant to the extent strictly required by the exigencies of the situation ... " Similar provisions will be found in regional conventions on the human rights.

Understanding The Act Of State Doctrine's Effect, Frederic L. Kirgis

Scholarly Articles

None available.

Book Review, Frank S. Bloch

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Competing Equalities is a book that can be read and appreciated at several different levels, as well as for several different purposes, and which demonstrates both the richness of the subject--laws affording preferential treatment to backward classes in India--and the depth of the author's understanding of the material. At the heart of this very impressive book, Professor Galanter examines India's constitutional policy of affirmative action for selected backward classes of citizens, or "compensatory discrimination"--its historical and constitutional origins; its implementation, with particular emphasis on the role of courts in establishing a doctrinal framework for this policy; and its value to …

Equality And Discrimination Under International Law, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Equality and Discrimination Under International Law by Warwick McKean

British Anti-Discrimination Law: An Introduction, Christopher Mccrudden

Penn State International Law Review

The United Kingdom is a signatory of a number of international treaties protecting various aspects of human rights, including freedom from discrimination. Yet, there is no legislation in this country protecting a comprehensive list of human rights in the manner of the United States Bill of Rights, although there have been a number of unsuccessful atempts to enact such legislation since 1969. Moreover, prior to race relations legislation, there was no general rule, policy or principle in common law directly relevant to combating racial discrimination or incitement to racial hatred.

The inadequacies of the common law and statutes stimulated several …