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Articles 1 - 30 of 41
Full-Text Articles in Law
Rules Versus Standards In Antitrust Adjudication, Daniel A. Crane
Rules Versus Standards In Antitrust Adjudication, Daniel A. Crane
Washington and Lee Law Review
Antitrust law is moving away from rules (ex ante, limited factor liability determinants) and toward standards (ex post, multi-factor liability determinants). This movement has important consequencesfor the structure of antitrust adjudication, including shifting ultimate decision-making down the legal hierarchy (in the direction ofjuries, trial courts sitting as factfinders, and administrative agencies) and increasing the importance of economic experts. The efficiency consequences of this trend are often negative. Specifying liability determinants as open-ended, unpredictable standards increases litigation costs, chills socially beneficial industrial practices, allocates decisionmaking on microeconomic policy to unqualified juries, andfacilitates strategic misuse of antitrust litigation by rent-seeking competitors. Instead …
The Overlooked Costs Of Religious Deference, Robin Fretwell Wilson
The Overlooked Costs Of Religious Deference, Robin Fretwell Wilson
Washington and Lee Law Review
Citing the Qur'an, a German divorce court judge this year denied a fast track divorce to a Muslim woman who had been the victim of domestic violence and death threats from her husband. The judge rejected her application because the husband's exercise of his "right to castigate does not fulfill the hardship criteria" for an expedited divorce. The decision, which sparked a firestorm of controversy, comes at an important time in the movement to embrace pluralistic understandings of family relationships. Scholars and policymakers around the world are advancing various schemes for sharing state control over domestic disputes with religious groups-ranging …
The Legacy Of Colonialism: Law And Women's Rights In India, Varsha Chitnis, Danaya Wright
The Legacy Of Colonialism: Law And Women's Rights In India, Varsha Chitnis, Danaya Wright
Washington and Lee Law Review
The relationship between nineteenth century England and colonial India was complex in terms of negotiating the different constituencies that claimed an interest in the economic and moral development of the colonies. After India became subject to the sovereignty of the English Monarchy in 1858, its future became indelibly linked with that of England's, yet India's own unique history and culture meant that many of the reforms the colonialists set out to undertake worked out differently than they anticipated. In particular, the colonial ambition of civilizing the barbaric native Indian male underlay many of the legal reforms attempted in the nearly …
How The Door Of Ijtihad Was Opened And Closed: A Comparative Analysis Of Recent Family Law Reforms In Iran And Morocco, Ziba Mir-Hosseini
How The Door Of Ijtihad Was Opened And Closed: A Comparative Analysis Of Recent Family Law Reforms In Iran And Morocco, Ziba Mir-Hosseini
Washington and Lee Law Review
This Comment compares the politics and dynamics of recent family law reforms in Iran and Morocco. In both countries, reforms have in effect crippled men's privileges in marriage under Islamic law by restricting their unilateral and extra-judicial rights to divorce and polygyny. In Morocco, the 2004 reforms are radical in that they admit the principle of equality in marriage and cast classical Maliki School of Sunni law in a new light; the result of prolonged efforts by the women's movement, these reforms were finally achieved by the intervention of the King who claimed the right of ijtihad as the Commander …
Marital Property In California And Indonesia: Community Property And Harta Bersama, Mark E. Cammack
Marital Property In California And Indonesia: Community Property And Harta Bersama, Mark E. Cammack
Washington and Lee Law Review
One of the more notable features of Indonesian Islamic law is its recognition of the concept of jointly owned marital property. The Indonesian doctrine of joint marital property bears a striking similarity to the community property system in California. In both systems the marital estate consists of property acquired during the marriage through the efforts of either of the spouses. Both systems distinguish marital property from separate property and both define separate property as all property owned by either spouse prior to the marriage or acquired by gift or inheritance afterwards. Apart from their doctrinal similarity, Indonesian Islamic marital property …
The Future Of Palestinian Women's Rights: Lessons From A Half-Century Of Tunisian Progress, Adrien Katherine Wing, Hisham Kassim
The Future Of Palestinian Women's Rights: Lessons From A Half-Century Of Tunisian Progress, Adrien Katherine Wing, Hisham Kassim
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
Imminently Eminent: A Game Theoretic Analysis Of Takings Since Kelo V. City Of New London, Alex Hornaday
Imminently Eminent: A Game Theoretic Analysis Of Takings Since Kelo V. City Of New London, Alex Hornaday
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
Twenty-Five Years Of Hudood Ordinances- A Review, Martin Lau
Twenty-Five Years Of Hudood Ordinances- A Review, Martin Lau
Washington and Lee Law Review
Shortly after coming into power in 1979, General Zia ul-Haq began to Islamize the Pakistan legal system. One measure used to convert Pakistan into an Islamic state was the introduction of hadd offenses-those offenses for which the Qur'an prescribed fixed punishments-into the criminal law. This Article specifically examines the impact of one of these provisions, the Offense of Zina (Enforcement of Hudood) Ordinance, on sexual offenses under the Pakistan Penal Code. This statute criminalized all forms of adultery and fornication outside of a legally valid marriage, including instances of rape where the burden of proof had not been met. In …
Rape And The Exception In Turkish And International Law, Ruth A. Miller
Rape And The Exception In Turkish And International Law, Ruth A. Miller
Washington and Lee Law Review
This Comment suggests, first, that Turkey's new (2004) rape law is indebted to recent trends in international sexual legislation, and second, that both Turkish and international rape law are in turn the product of a century of European exceptionalism. The 2004 Turkish criminal code is a text that has redefined the Turkish state's approach to issues ranging from torture to corruption to immigrant smuggling to rape and adultery. Fundamentally a domestic document, it is aimed at rearticulating and liberalizing the state-citizen relationship in Turkey. At the same time, it is emphatically an international text-a spectacle geared toward moving Turkey one …
Moroccan Women In Europe: Bargaining For Autonomy, Marie-Claire Foblets
Moroccan Women In Europe: Bargaining For Autonomy, Marie-Claire Foblets
Washington and Lee Law Review
This Article explores the path of possibilities offered in the case of Moroccans-in particular women-residing in (continental) Europe to determine, up to a point, the legal regime that will apply to their family life. The vast majority of Moroccans currently living in Europe have retained their original nationality, often combining it with that of the country of habitual residence. Adhesion to Islam often explains the attachment to the family law, which is a religious law, of the country of origin. Family reunifications in many cases mean enduring "rootedness" in the normative system of the country of origin. With mobility rendered …
Lessons From Islamic Polygamy: A Case For Expanding The American Concept Of Surviving Spouse So As To Include De Facto Polygamous Spouses, Michele Alexandre
Lessons From Islamic Polygamy: A Case For Expanding The American Concept Of Surviving Spouse So As To Include De Facto Polygamous Spouses, Michele Alexandre
Washington and Lee Law Review
While polygamy is illegal in the United States, forms of it are still practiced either overtly, pursuant to religious traditions, or covertly, by the maintenance of two or more family units. As a result, any claims, disputes, or abuses that arise in the context of de facto polygamous unions remain irremediable. My focus, in this Article, is not to advocate that polygamy should be legally recognized. Nor is it my purpose to debate the viability or morality of polygamy. Instead, I am concerned with affording legal remedies for vulnerable individuals living and operating in de facto polygamous unions. In light …
"Big Love"'?* The Recognition Of Customary Marriages In South Africa, Penelope E. Andrews
"Big Love"'?* The Recognition Of Customary Marriages In South Africa, Penelope E. Andrews
Washington and Lee Law Review
This Comment contextualizes the issue of polygamous marriages within the South African constitutional paradigm, one committed unequivocally to the principle of equality. This Comment analyzes how South African law, European in origin, had to incorporate the laws and institutions of indigenous communities within the national legal framework, as part of the overall transformative legal project underway in the country since 1994. By focusing on the Recognition of Customary Marriages Act, this Comment examines such incorporation, while questioning its effect on the overall project of constitutionalism, human rights, and equality
Tunisia At The Forefront Of The Arab World: Two Waves Of Gender Legislation, Mounira M. Charrad
Tunisia At The Forefront Of The Arab World: Two Waves Of Gender Legislation, Mounira M. Charrad
Washington and Lee Law Review
Starting in the 1950s and ever since, Tunisia has implemented gender legislation expanding women's rights in family law. The ground breaking phase occurred with the promulgation of the Code of Personal Status in the mid-1950s during the formation of a national state in the aftermath of independence from French colonial rule. Another major phase occurred in the 1990s with citizenship law reforms as embodied in the Tunisian Code of Nationality. As a result of these two major phases, Tunisia has been at the fore front of "woman friendly" legislative changes in the Arab- Muslim world and is widely recognized as …
Justice And Equality In Muslim Family Laws: Challenges, Possibilities, And Strategies For Reform', Zainah Anwar, Jana S. Rumminger
Justice And Equality In Muslim Family Laws: Challenges, Possibilities, And Strategies For Reform', Zainah Anwar, Jana S. Rumminger
Washington and Lee Law Review
One of the subtle but most pervasive areas of discrimination against women in the Muslim world today is the inequality that occurs within the context of the family. Throughout Muslim countries and contexts, Muslim women are speaking out about such discrimination and are fighting for reform of family laws to promote justice and equality within the family. This Article outlines key discriminatory provisions within Malaysia's Islamic Family Law (Federal Territories) Act of 1984 and the efforts being made by Muslim women in Malaysia to advocate for comprehensive reform of Malaysian Muslim family laws. This effort includes developing an understanding of …
The Predatory Pricing Puzzle: Piecing Together A Unitary Standard, Kimberly L. Herb
The Predatory Pricing Puzzle: Piecing Together A Unitary Standard, Kimberly L. Herb
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
"You're Fired!" Determining Whether A Wrongly Terminated Employee Who Has Been Reinstated With Back Pay Has An Actionable Title Vii Retaliation Claim, Anna Ku
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Religious Freedom Restoration Act And Smith: Dueling Levels Of Constitutional Scrutiny, Whitney Travis
The Religious Freedom Restoration Act And Smith: Dueling Levels Of Constitutional Scrutiny, Whitney Travis
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
Bias Arbitrage, Amitai Aviram
Bias Arbitrage, Amitai Aviram
Washington and Lee Law Review
The production of law-including the choice of a law's subject matter, the timing of its enactment and the manner in which it is publicized and perceived by the public-is significantly driven by an extra-legal market in which politicians and private parties compete over the opportunity to engage in bias arbitrage. Bias arbitrage is the extraction of private benefits through actions that identify and mitigate discrepancies between actual risks and the public's perception of the same risks. Politicians arbitrage these discrepancies by enacting laws that address the misperceived risk and contain a "placebo effect"--a counter-bias that attempts to offset the pre-existing …
Financial Accounting And Corporate Behavior, David I. Walker
Financial Accounting And Corporate Behavior, David I. Walker
Washington and Lee Law Review
The power of financial accounting to shape corporate behavior is underappreciated. Advocates of positive accounting theory have argued that even cosmetic changes in reported earnings can affect share value, not because market participants are unable to see through such changes to the underlying fundamentals, but because of implicit or explicit contracts that are based on reported earnings and transaction costs. However, agency theory suggests that accounting choices and corporate responses to accounting standard changes will not necessarily be those that maximize share value. For a number of reasons, including the fact that executive compensation is often tied to reported earnings, …
Offshore Gambling: Medical Outsourcing Versus Erisa's Fiduciary Duty Requirement, Christopher J. Brady
Offshore Gambling: Medical Outsourcing Versus Erisa's Fiduciary Duty Requirement, Christopher J. Brady
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
Just When I Thought I Was Out, They Pull Me Back In: Executive Power And The Novel Reclassification Authority, Luppe B. Luppen
Just When I Thought I Was Out, They Pull Me Back In: Executive Power And The Novel Reclassification Authority, Luppe B. Luppen
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Failure Of Economic Interpretations Of The Law Of Contract Damages, Nathan B. Oman
The Failure Of Economic Interpretations Of The Law Of Contract Damages, Nathan B. Oman
Washington and Lee Law Review
The law of contracts is complex but remarkably stable. What we lack is a widely accepted interpretation of that law as embodying a coherent set of normative choices. Some scholars have suggested that either economic efficiency or personal autonomy provide unifying principles of contract law. These two approaches, however, seem incommensurable, which suggests that we must reject at least one of them in order to have a coherent theory. This Article dissents from this view and has a simple thesis: Economic accounts of the current doctrine governing contract damages have failed, but efficiency arguments remain key to any adequate theory …
Controlling Executive Compensation Through The Tax Code, Gregg D. Polsky
Controlling Executive Compensation Through The Tax Code, Gregg D. Polsky
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
"Sociological Legitimacy" In Supreme Court Opinions, Michael L. Wells
"Sociological Legitimacy" In Supreme Court Opinions, Michael L. Wells
Washington and Lee Law Review
Analysis of a Supreme Court opinion ordinarily begins from the premise that the opinion is a transparent window into the Court's thinking, such that the reasons offered by the Court are, or ought to be, the reasons that account for the holding. Scholars debate the strength of the Court's reasoning, question or defend the Court's candor, and propose alternative ways of justifying the ruling. This Article takes issue with the transparency premise, on both descriptive and normative grounds. Especially in controversial cases, the Court is at least as much concerned with presenting its holding in a way that will win …
Tackling The Perplexing Sound Of Statutory Silence: Why Courts Should Imply A Private Right Of Action Under Section 10(A) Of Respa, Seth M. Mott
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
Show Me The Money: The Thompson Memo, Stein, And An Employee's Right To The Advancement Of Legal Fees Under The Mcnulty Memo, John Power
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
Rico At The Border: Interpreting Anza V. Ideal Steel Supply Corp. And Its Effect On Immigration Enforcement, Megan Martha Reed
Rico At The Border: Interpreting Anza V. Ideal Steel Supply Corp. And Its Effect On Immigration Enforcement, Megan Martha Reed
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
Putting Your Eggs In Someone Else's Basket: Inserting Uniformity Into The Uniform Parentage Act's Treatment Of Assisted Reproduction, Kira Horstmeyer
Putting Your Eggs In Someone Else's Basket: Inserting Uniformity Into The Uniform Parentage Act's Treatment Of Assisted Reproduction, Kira Horstmeyer
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
Lose The Illusion: Why Advertisers' Use Of Digital Product Placement Violates Actors' Right Of Publicity, Brandon D. Almond
Lose The Illusion: Why Advertisers' Use Of Digital Product Placement Violates Actors' Right Of Publicity, Brandon D. Almond
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Genuine Article: A Subversive Economic Perspective On The Law's Procreationist Vision Of Marriage, Courtney Megan Cahill
The Genuine Article: A Subversive Economic Perspective On The Law's Procreationist Vision Of Marriage, Courtney Megan Cahill
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.