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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Law
Independent External Review Of Health Maintenance Organizations' Medical-Necessity Decisions, Wendy K. Mariner
Independent External Review Of Health Maintenance Organizations' Medical-Necessity Decisions, Wendy K. Mariner
Faculty Scholarship
States may have more freedom to regulate the practices of managed-care organizations than many observers previously believed. In the absence of congressional action on the federal Bipartisan Patient Protection Act, the primary source of patient-protection legislation remains at the state level. Nevertheless, the federal Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of 19742restricts state regulation of health maintenance organizations (HMOs) that serve private employee group health plans. On June 20, 2002, the U.S. Supreme Court, in Rush Prudential HMO, Inc. v. Moran, upheld an Illinois state law that requires binding independent external review when an HMO disagrees with the …
A Jurisprudential Analysis Of Government Intervention And Prenatal Drug Abuse, Susan Saab Fortney
A Jurisprudential Analysis Of Government Intervention And Prenatal Drug Abuse, Susan Saab Fortney
Faculty Scholarship
This article addresses the serious public health problem of substance abuse among pregnant women. Part I of this article introduces the national problem of prenatal drug abuse. Part II discuses the appropriateness of government intervention. The article explains the medical consequences of prenatal drug abuse, and then, describes the justification of government intervention. The article details both existing criminal law and new legislation regarding prenatal drug abuse. Part III addresses constitutional concerns and the conflict between a woman’s right on the one hand and the state interest and “fetal rights” on the other. Part IV considers the moral and legal …
Whose Duty Is It Anyway?: The Kennedy Krieger Opinion And Its Implications For Public Health Research, Diane E. Hoffmann, Karen H. Rothenberg
Whose Duty Is It Anyway?: The Kennedy Krieger Opinion And Its Implications For Public Health Research, Diane E. Hoffmann, Karen H. Rothenberg
Faculty Scholarship
In this article, the authors discuss the Maryland Court of Appeals decision in the case of Grimes v. Kennedy Krieger Institute, Inc. and its implications for the tort duty owed by researchers, in particular public health researchers, to their subjects. The Opinion resulted from two lawsuits alleging lead poisoning of children enrolled in a study conducted by the Kennedy Krieger Institute, a world renown pediatric research and treatment facility. The opinion shocked the research establishment with its scathing characterization of researchers and its apparent holding that in Maryland a parent cannot consent to the participation of a child in "nontherapeutic …
Antitrust, Health Care Quality, And The Courts, Peter J. Hammer, William M. Sage
Antitrust, Health Care Quality, And The Courts, Peter J. Hammer, William M. Sage
Faculty Scholarship
Antitrust law represents the principal legal tool that the United States employs to police private markets, yet it often relegates quality and nonprice considerations to a secondary position. While antitrust law espouses the belief that vigorous competition will enhance quality as well as price, little evidence exists of the practical ability of courts to deliver on that promise. In this Article, Professors Hammer and Sage examine American health care as a vehicle for advancing understanding of the nexus among competition, quality, and antitrust law. The Article reports the results of a comprehensive empirical review of judicial opinions in health care …
The Invisible Patient (Reviewing Sally Satel, How Political Correctness Is Corrupting Medicine (2000)), Barbara A. Noah
The Invisible Patient (Reviewing Sally Satel, How Political Correctness Is Corrupting Medicine (2000)), Barbara A. Noah
Faculty Scholarship
Despite the fact that African-Americans suffer from a variety of health problems at disproportionately higher rates than whites, inequities in the medical system make access to care more difficult for minorities. The problem of racial disparities in health care encompasses more than problems of access or payment, however. Communication difficulties between physician and patient and disparate provision of services covered by insurance also may contribute substantially to health disparities between the races. This review canvasses some of the evidence of differential medical treatment and offers some suggestions that may improve the quality of communication between physicians and patients. In addition …
Two Concepts Of Immortality: Reframing Public Debate On Stem-Cell Research, Frank Pasquale
Two Concepts Of Immortality: Reframing Public Debate On Stem-Cell Research, Frank Pasquale
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Road Warriors: Two Parents' Perspective On Getting Services For Children With Special Needs, Teresa K. Lamaster, John J. O'Brien
Road Warriors: Two Parents' Perspective On Getting Services For Children With Special Needs, Teresa K. Lamaster, John J. O'Brien
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Before It's Too Late- Addressing Fear Of Genetic Information, Karen H. Rothenberg, Sharon F. Terry
Before It's Too Late- Addressing Fear Of Genetic Information, Karen H. Rothenberg, Sharon F. Terry
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Medical Privacy And Medical Research: Judging The New Federal Regulations, George J. Annas
Medical Privacy And Medical Research: Judging The New Federal Regulations, George J. Annas
Faculty Scholarship
Americans support both protecting the privacy of medical records and encouraging medical research. Thus, it is not surprising that a move to change practices in these two areas has generated attention and comment. The new federal regulations, promulgated under the authority of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), were adopted to protect the privacy of medical records. They were not specifically designed to facilitate or limit medical research. Nonetheless, the regulations have prompted strong objections from the biotechnology industry and from academic medicine. The Association of American Medical Colleges and the Biotechnology Industry Organization have argued …
Moral Progress, Mental Retardation, And The Death Penalty, George J. Annas
Moral Progress, Mental Retardation, And The Death Penalty, George J. Annas
Faculty Scholarship
Two major aspects of the death penalty in the United States directly involve physicians: how the death penalty is carried out and who is subject to execution. As a matter of constitutional law, both are governed by the prohibition against “cruel and unusual” punishment in the Eighth Amendment. The meaning of “cruel and unusual,” unlike every other part of the U.S. Constitution, is determined by public opinion as it reflects society's evolving standards of decency. With regard to how the death penalty is carried out, the role of physicians in capital punishment has been controversial for more than two decades. …
Bioterrorism, Public Health, And Civil Liberties, George J. Annas
Bioterrorism, Public Health, And Civil Liberties, George J. Annas
Faculty Scholarship
The prospect of having to deal with a bioterrorist attack, especially one involving smallpox, has local, state, and federal officials rightly concerned. Before September 11, most procedures for dealing with a bioterrorist attack against the United States were based on fiction. Former President Bill Clinton became engaged in the bioterrorism issue in 1997, after reading Richard Preston's novel The Cobra Event. In Tom Clancy's 1996 Executive Orders, the United States is attacked by terrorists using a strain of Ebola virus that is transmissible through the air. To contain the epidemic, the President declares a state of emergency, orders that …
Cloning And The U.S. Congress, George J. Annas
Cloning And The U.S. Congress, George J. Annas
Faculty Scholarship
In the immediate aftermath of the birth of Dolly the sheep, the national debate over the banning of human cloning focused almost exclusively on the issue of safety. President Bill Clinton's National Bioethics Advisory Commission, for example, recommended in 1997 that Congress impose a five-year moratorium on attempts to clone a human because of the likely physical harm to the cloned infant. Congress did not act on this suggestion, but even if it had, that moratorium would already be almost over. Cloning is now back on the congressional agenda, with a new focal point: the creation of cloned embryos for …
Protecting The Endangered Human: Toward An International Treaty Prohibiting Cloning And Inheritable Alterations, George J. Annas
Protecting The Endangered Human: Toward An International Treaty Prohibiting Cloning And Inheritable Alterations, George J. Annas
Faculty Scholarship
We humans tend to worry first about our own happiness, then about our families, then about our communities. In times of great stress, such as war or natural disaster, we may focus temporarily on our country but we rarely think about Earth as a whole or the human species as a whole. This narrow perspective, perhaps best exemplified by the American consumer, has led to the environmental degradation of our planet, a grossly widening gap in living standards between rich and poor people and nations and a scientific research agenda that focuses almost exclusively on the needs and desires of …
Foreword: Phase Ii Of The Genetics Revolution: Sophisticated Issues For Home And Abroad, Frances H. Miller
Foreword: Phase Ii Of The Genetics Revolution: Sophisticated Issues For Home And Abroad, Frances H. Miller
Faculty Scholarship
The distinguished health law and policy scholars we invite to contribute to the American Journal of Law & Medicine's annual symposium issue are given carte blanche to write about any aspect of the designated topic that appeals to them. The authors in this year's genetics symposium, The Genetic Revolution: Conflicts, Challenges and Conundra, are already well known for their work in the field-in fact three of them have just co-authored the only casebook specifically dedicated to the law, policy and ethics of geneticsl-and we deliberately asked them for relatively short pieces on the theory that taken together their articles would …
New Death Penalty Debate: What's Dna Got To Do With It, James S. Liebman
New Death Penalty Debate: What's Dna Got To Do With It, James S. Liebman
Faculty Scholarship
The nation is engaged in the most intensive discussion of the death penalty in decades. Temporary moratoria on executions are effectively in place in Illinois and Maryland, and during the winter 2001 legislative cycle legislation to adopt those pauses elsewhere cleared committees or one or more houses of the legislature, not only in Connecticut (passed the Senate Judiciary Committee) and Maryland (where it passed the entire House, and the Senate Judiciary Committee) but in Nevada (passed the Senate) and Texas (passed committees in both Houses). In the last year, abolition bills have passed or come within a few votes of …