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Articles 1 - 30 of 33
Full-Text Articles in Law
Persuasion: A Model Of Majoritarianism As Adjudication, Christopher J. Peters
Persuasion: A Model Of Majoritarianism As Adjudication, Christopher J. Peters
All Faculty Scholarship
This article, which has been published in slightly revised form at 96 Nw. U.L. Rev. 1 (2001), is an application and extension of my theory of adjudication as representation, which holds that the procedural elements of litigant participation and interest representation confer democratic legitimacy on court decisions. In the article, I first develop the notion of a "majoritarian difficulty": the often-ignored tension between democratic self-rule and majority domination of the political minority. Second, I offer a model of majoritarianism as a type of adjudication, in which interested parties lobby for favorable decisions by a neutral decisionmaker. Third, I contend that …
Federalism And The Double Standard Of Judicial Review, Lynn A. Baker, Ernest A. Young
Federalism And The Double Standard Of Judicial Review, Lynn A. Baker, Ernest A. Young
Duke Law Journal
From 1937 to 1995, federalism was part of a “Constitution in exile.” Except for the brief interlude of the National League of Cities doctrine2—which, like Napoleon’s ill-fated return from Elba, met with crushing defeat3—the post–New Deal Supreme Court has been almost completely unwilling to enforce constitutional limits on national power vis-à-vis the states. The reason, by all accounts, has much to do with federalism’s historic link to other aspects of our expatriate constitution—e.g., economic substantive due process, legislative nondelegation— which were banished for their collusion against the New Deal.
Stock Market Volatility And 401 (K) Plans, Colleen E. Medill
Stock Market Volatility And 401 (K) Plans, Colleen E. Medill
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Many workers today depend on their 401(k) plan to provide them with an adequate income during retirement. For these workers to achieve retirement income security, their 401(k) plan investments must perform well over their working lifetime. Employers' selection of investment options for the 401(k) plan, a fiduciary duty under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), plays a critical role in determining investment performance. In this Article, Professor Medill uses a series of hypothetical litigation scenarios to illustrate how interpretation of the employer's duty of prudence and duty of loyalty under ERISA present different policy choices for the …
Constitutional Revolutions: A New Look At Lower Appellate Review In American Constitutionalism, Robert Justin Lipkin
Constitutional Revolutions: A New Look At Lower Appellate Review In American Constitutionalism, Robert Justin Lipkin
The Journal of Appellate Practice and Process
Judicial review allows the Supreme Court of the United States to perform revolutionary constitutional change. The United States Courts of Appeals could also be a vehicle for revolutionary constitutional adjudication.
Publicity And The Judicial Power, Daniel N. Hoffman
Publicity And The Judicial Power, Daniel N. Hoffman
The Journal of Appellate Practice and Process
The judicial branch was created in order to ensure that the rule of law and not the rule of man prevailed. Judges must use reasoning and analysis to fulfill this role. Making decisions based on mere coin tosses or without giving a reason for the decision detracts from the rule of law. Issuing decisions that cannot be published or cited also detracts the judicial role of ensuring that law rules the land.
The Natural Rights-Based Justification For Judicial Review, James E. Fleming
The Natural Rights-Based Justification For Judicial Review, James E. Fleming
Faculty Scholarship
On this panel, we are to consider questions such as "What form should constitutional interpretation by courts take in light of our aspirations to a good society?" For example, should courts engage in "moral readings" of the Constitution by elaborating abstract moral principles of liberty and equality or by making moral arguments about fostering human goods or virtues? In his paper, Justifying the Natural Law Theory of Constitutional Interpretation, Professor Michael Moore defends a sophisticated and powerful version of a moral realist or natural law answer to these questions.2 He confesses that, despite numerous criticisms, his views on the desirability …
The Judiciary In The United States: A Search For Fairness, Independence And Competence, Stephen J. Shapiro
The Judiciary In The United States: A Search For Fairness, Independence And Competence, Stephen J. Shapiro
All Faculty Scholarship
Alexander Hamilton referred to the judiciary as “the least dangerous branch” because it could neither make nor enforce the law without help from the other two branches of government. In the years since then, however, courts and judges in the United States have assumed a much more prominent role in society. American judges preside over criminal trials and sentence those convicted, decide all kinds of civil disputes, both large and small, and make important decisions involving families, such as child custody. They have also become the primary guarantors of the civil and constitutional rights of American citizens.
The case of …
Congressional Factfinding And The Scope Of Judicial Review: A Preliminary Analysis, Neal Devins
Congressional Factfinding And The Scope Of Judicial Review: A Preliminary Analysis, Neal Devins
Duke Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Remanding To Congress: The Supreme Court's New ʺOn The Recordʺ Constitutional Review Of Federal Statutes, A. Christopher Bryant, Timothy J. Simeone
Remanding To Congress: The Supreme Court's New ʺOn The Recordʺ Constitutional Review Of Federal Statutes, A. Christopher Bryant, Timothy J. Simeone
Faculty Articles and Other Publications
In recent years, the fate of federal statutes has increasingly turned on the contents of their formal legislative records. The Supreme Court has shown a new willingness to find statutes unconstitutional because their legislative records do not support the factual judgments that justify congressional action. In this Article, Professors Bryant and Simeone trace the development of the trend toward increased judicial scrutiny of legislative records in recent Supreme Court rulings on the constitutionality of federal statutes. They then critique the Court's new approach, arguing that it is not only inconsistent with precedent, but also fundamentally ill advised, most importantly because …
Interpreting Urugual Round Agreements Act Section 102(B)'S Safeguards For State Sovereignty: Reconciling Judicial Independence With The United States Trade Representative's Policy Expertise, Brandon Johnson
Michigan Journal of International Law
In this Note, I address the concerns of one aspect of this academic commentary-the claim that the WTO Agreement may cause a tectonic shift in domestic regulatory power, away from the states and toward the federal government and/or the WTO. I argue that while the concerns about the loss of national sovereignty are exaggerated, there is a very real threat to the sovereignty of the States. Congress was aware of this danger and included a variety of provisions designed specifically to protect state sovereignty from federal encroachment in the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (URAA), the federal legislation incorporating the WTO …
The History Of The Judicial Review Of Administrative Power And The Future Of Regulatory Governance, John J. Coughlin
The History Of The Judicial Review Of Administrative Power And The Future Of Regulatory Governance, John J. Coughlin
Journal Articles
Traditionally, judicial review has afforded an important check on the exercise of administrative power. First, judicial review functions to protect the legislative intent behind the statutory authorization of the exercise of administrative power. Pursuant to the conventional model, an administrative agency exercises restricted legislative and judicial functions under judicial scrutiny to insure compliance with congressional intent. Judicial review insures that "a congressional delegation of power . . . must be accompanied by discernible standards, so that the delegatee's action can be measured for its fidelity to the legislative will." Additionally, the opportunity for judicial review of administrative action corrects and …
Sumner Canary Lecture Judging Under The Aegis Of The Third Article, Louis H. Pollak
Sumner Canary Lecture Judging Under The Aegis Of The Third Article, Louis H. Pollak
Case Western Reserve Law Review
No abstract provided.
Judicial Supermajorities And The Validity Of Statutes: How Mapp Became A Fourth Amendment Landmark Instead Of A First Amendment Footnote, Jonathan L. Entin
Judicial Supermajorities And The Validity Of Statutes: How Mapp Became A Fourth Amendment Landmark Instead Of A First Amendment Footnote, Jonathan L. Entin
Case Western Reserve Law Review
No abstract provided.
Response To Robert P. George, Natural Law, The Constitution, And The Theory And Practice Of Judicial Review, Joseph W. Koterski
Response To Robert P. George, Natural Law, The Constitution, And The Theory And Practice Of Judicial Review, Joseph W. Koterski
Fordham Law Review
No abstract provided.
A Further Comment On Robert P. George's "Natural Law", James E. Fleming
A Further Comment On Robert P. George's "Natural Law", James E. Fleming
Fordham Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Impenetrable Constitution And Status Quo Morality, Charles A. Kelbley
The Impenetrable Constitution And Status Quo Morality, Charles A. Kelbley
Fordham Law Review
No abstract provided.
Natural Law And The Constitution Revisited, Robert P. George
Natural Law And The Constitution Revisited, Robert P. George
Fordham Law Review
No abstract provided.
Conflating Scope Of Right With Standard Of Review: The Supreme Court's Strict Scrutiny Of Congressional Efforts To Enforce The Fourteenth Amendment, Melissa Hart
Publications
No abstract provided.
The Search For Incontrovertible Visual Evidence, Paul F. Campos
The Search For Incontrovertible Visual Evidence, Paul F. Campos
Publications
No abstract provided.
How Democratic Are Initiatives?, Richard B. Collins
How Democratic Are Initiatives?, Richard B. Collins
Publications
No abstract provided.
What Is It Good For? War Power, Judicial Review, And Constitutional Deliberation, J. Richard Broughton
What Is It Good For? War Power, Judicial Review, And Constitutional Deliberation, J. Richard Broughton
Oklahoma Law Review
No abstract provided.
Gilmer In The Collective Bargaining Context, Theodore J. St. Antoine
Gilmer In The Collective Bargaining Context, Theodore J. St. Antoine
Articles
Can a privately negotiated arbitration agreement deprive employees of the statutory right to sue in court on claims of discrimination in employment because of race, sex, religion, age, disability, and similar grounds prohibited by federal law? Two leading U.S. Supreme Court decisions, decided almost two decades apart, reached substantially different answers to this questionand arguably stood logic on its head in the process. In the earlier case of Alexander v. Gardner-Denver Co., involving arbitration under a collective bargaining agreement, the Court held an adverse award did not preclude a subsequent federal court action by the black grievant alleging racial discrimination. …
The Right To Self-Government After Bush V. Gore, Paul D. Carrington, H. Jefferson Powell
The Right To Self-Government After Bush V. Gore, Paul D. Carrington, H. Jefferson Powell
Faculty Scholarship
'Bush v. Gore' was decided a year ago. As expected, it evoked a flood of journalistic and academic commentary. The present authors write to express dissatisfaction with the resulting literature. They find it in general to be dominated by the usual political discourse conducted from opposite ends of the usual political spectrum, with both ends sharing an assumption that the Supreme Court was animated in its decision by the usual political motives that it has become conventional to see in the actions of that institution. Left almost completely out of view have been the more personal selfish motives of the …
Piercing The Veil: William J. Brennan's Account Of Regents Of The University Of California V. Bakke, Lee Epstein, Jack Knight
Piercing The Veil: William J. Brennan's Account Of Regents Of The University Of California V. Bakke, Lee Epstein, Jack Knight
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Defending Congress, Seth P. Waxman
Defending Congress, Seth P. Waxman
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
Every year the Solicitor General must decide, one case at a time, what the interests of the United States are with respect to several thousand different cases in the federal and state courts. Should the United States appeal, or seek rehearing, or petition for certiorari, or file a brief amicus curiae, or intervene? What issues should the United States raise, and what arguments should it make? How should the law be interpreted or the doctrine applied? The goal is for the United States to speak with one voice - a voice that reflects the interests of all three branches of …
The Original Meaning Of The Commerce Clause, Randy E. Barnett
The Original Meaning Of The Commerce Clause, Randy E. Barnett
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
The U& Supreme Court, in recent cases; has attempted to define limits on the Congress's power to regulate commerce among the several states. While Justice Thomas has maintained that the original meaning of "commerce" was limited to the "trade and exchange" of goods and transportation for this purpose, some have argued that he is mistaken and that "commerce" originally included any "gainful activity." Having examined every appearance of the word "commerce"in the records of the Constitutional Convention, the ratification debates and the Federalist Papers, Professor Barnett finds no surviving example of this term being used in this broader sense. In …
Constitution-Talk And Justice-Talk, Mark V. Tushnet
Constitution-Talk And Justice-Talk, Mark V. Tushnet
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
Inside the courts, one might distinguish between constitution-talk and justice-talk on the ground that the former, but not the latter, results in enforceable legal judgments. So, inside the courts, we might interpret the Constitution with justice in mind, but what we do is produce legally enforceable judgments. Outside the courts, however, it might seem that all we do is interpret and talk. It is not immediately obvious that cloaking justice-talk as constitution-talk outside the courts has much rhetorical force. As I will argue, the fact that invoking the Constitution outside the courts, in the course of discussing justice, does have …
Terry Firma: Background Democracy And Constitutional Foundations, Frank I. Michelman
Terry Firma: Background Democracy And Constitutional Foundations, Frank I. Michelman
Michigan Law Review
Ages ago, I had the excellent luck to fall into a collaboration with Terrance Sandalow to produce a casebook now long forgotten. There could have been no more bracing or beneficial learning experience for a fledgling legal scholar (meaning me). What brought us together indeed was luck from my standpoint, but it was enterprise, too - the brokerage of an alert West Publishing Company editor picking up on a casual remark of mine as he made one of his regular sweeps through Harvard Law School. A novice law professor, I mentioned to him how much I admired a new essay …
The Changing Role Of Labor Arbitration (Symposium: New Rules For A New Game: Regulating Employment Relationships In The 21st Century), Theodore J. St. Antoine
The Changing Role Of Labor Arbitration (Symposium: New Rules For A New Game: Regulating Employment Relationships In The 21st Century), Theodore J. St. Antoine
Articles
A quarter century ago, in a provocative and prophetic article, David E. Feller lamented the imminent close of what he described as labor arbitration's "golden age." I have expressed reservations about that characterization, insofar as it suggested an impending shrinkage in the stature of arbitration. But Professor Feller was right on target in one important respect. Labor arbitration was going to change dramatically from the autonomous institution in the relatively self-contained world of union-management relations which it had been from the end of World War II into the 1970s. When the subject matter was largely confined to union-employer agreements, arbitration …
Judicial Review Of Member-State Regulation Of Trade Within A Federal Or Quasi-Federal System: Protectionism And Balancing, Da Capo, Donald H. Regan
Judicial Review Of Member-State Regulation Of Trade Within A Federal Or Quasi-Federal System: Protectionism And Balancing, Da Capo, Donald H. Regan
Articles
The topic of this Essay is not one Terry Sandalow has worked on, but he got me started on it by organizing, with Eric Stein, the Bellagio Conference on comparative constitutional economic integration in the United States and the European Community. For that, and for thirty-three years during which he has been an unfailingly stimulating and supportive colleague, Dean, and friend, I am deeply grateful.