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Full-Text Articles in Law

Islamic And American Constitutional Law: Borrowing Possibilities Or A History Of Borrowing?, Azizah Y. Al-Hibri Apr 1999

Islamic And American Constitutional Law: Borrowing Possibilities Or A History Of Borrowing?, Azizah Y. Al-Hibri

Law Faculty Publications

Islam is commonly viewed in the West as being incompatible with democracy. It is also viewed as an "Oriental" religion that has spawned violence and encouraged human rights violations. Because of the historical interaction between the West and Islam, the United States has recently been supporting efforts to export its democratic principles and human rights values to Muslim countries. In this context, the question of constitutional borrowing gains special significance. To assess the possibilities of constitutional borrowing between Islamic countries and the United States, it is important to first discuss the historical relation between the two, as well as between …


Execution Of Angel Breard: The United States Federalist System As Scapegoat For The Violation Of An Icj Order, Jane Amory Allen Jan 1999

Execution Of Angel Breard: The United States Federalist System As Scapegoat For The Violation Of An Icj Order, Jane Amory Allen

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

To quote the famous case, The Paquete Habana, "International law is a part of our law." When the Commonwealth of Virginia executed Angel Breard, the United States violated international law. Not only did the Commonwealth of Virginia violate the treaty obligations of its federal government, but the United States failed to comply with the Order of Provisional Measures set forth by the International Court of Justice (ICJ). The outpouring of official dualism through all stages of the case as well as the failure to afford the decision of the ICJ its due respect were affronts to the international community. Mr. …


Execution Of Angel Breard: The United States Federalist System As Scapegoat For The Violation Of An Icj Order, Jane Amory Allen Jan 1999

Execution Of Angel Breard: The United States Federalist System As Scapegoat For The Violation Of An Icj Order, Jane Amory Allen

Richmond Journal of Law and the Public Interest

To quote the famous case, The Paquete Habana, "International law is a part of our law." When the Commonwealth of Virginia executed Angel Breard, the United States violated international law. Not only did the Commonwealth of Virginia violate the treaty obligations of its federal government, but the United States failed to comply with the Order of Provisional Measures set forth by the International Court of Justice (ICJ). The outpouring of official dualism through all stages of the case as well as the failure to afford the decision of the ICJ its due respect were affronts to the international community. Mr. …


From Stockholm To Kyoto And Back To The United States: International Environmental Law's Effect On Domestic Law, Joel B. Eisen Jan 1999

From Stockholm To Kyoto And Back To The United States: International Environmental Law's Effect On Domestic Law, Joel B. Eisen

Law Faculty Publications

In Part I, I begin my discussion of the relationship between the two legal regimes with a brief introduction to modern international environmental law to assist those whose knowledge is as limited as mine was not too long ago. I also describe how the Allen Chair Symposium and seminar series was designed to facilitate exploration of major trends in international environmental law. Part II provides a more in-depth look at the specific relationship between domestic and international environmental law. I conclude that international environmental law informs domestic law as a wellspring of law leading to domestic innovation, a complement to …


Affordable Internet Access For All Americans, Mark J. Maier Jan 1999

Affordable Internet Access For All Americans, Mark J. Maier

Richmond Journal of Law & Technology

There are times in our history where new technologies burst onto the scene and have a major impact on our lives. We live in one such time. The Internet is revolutionizing how people and organizations interact with each other. Examples of these paradigm changes include how students are now being educated online with minimal face time with their teachers; governments are being forced to adapt to the new circumstance where once formidable geographical boundaries between countries are being lowered by information technology; and the military is realizing that it needs to harness this new technology or be defeated by it.


International Environmental Litigation And Its Future, Philippe Sands Jan 1999

International Environmental Litigation And Its Future, Philippe Sands

University of Richmond Law Review

The subject of international environmental law is relatively new. The subject was certainly not taught when the University of Richmond School of Law was established in 1870, even if early international law texts before that period did indicate a nascent concern for the issues of fisheries conservation and the use of international rivers. The late part of the last century and the early part of this one recognized a world in which international law could be divided, rather simply, between the law of peace and the law of war. It was a world with few international courts and tribunals in …


Is Nafta Up To Its Green Expectations? Effective Law Enforcement Under The North American Agreement On Environmental Cooperation, Beatriz Bugeda Jan 1999

Is Nafta Up To Its Green Expectations? Effective Law Enforcement Under The North American Agreement On Environmental Cooperation, Beatriz Bugeda

University of Richmond Law Review

On January 1, 1994, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) between the governments of Mexico, Canada and the United States went into effect. Together with this trade agreement, the governments of the three countries entered into a side agreement on the environment: the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC). This agreement, also known as the Environmental Side Agreement, responded to some of the concerns of NAFTA critics. Some environmentalists believed NAFTA would promote environmentally insensitive and uncontrolled growth, and others thought the liberalization of trade would be used as a means to preempt stringent domestic environmental regulations.


Treaty Congestion In International Environmental Law: The Need For Greater International Coordination, Bethany Lukitsch Hicks Jan 1999

Treaty Congestion In International Environmental Law: The Need For Greater International Coordination, Bethany Lukitsch Hicks

University of Richmond Law Review

The number of multilateral environmental agreements in the international community has proliferated greatly since the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm, Sweden. When the conference was held in 1972, there were approximately three dozen multilateral environmental agreements in existence. In 1989, the United Nations' Environmental Programme (UNEP) Register of Environmental Agreements listed a total of 139 treaties. Today, there are more than 900 international legal instruments, including treaties and binding or non-binding agreements that "are either focused on [the] environment or contain one or more important provisions concerned with the environment." This growth and success …


Environmental Impact Assessment Laws In The Nineties: Can The United States And Mexico Learn From Each Other?, Heather N. Stevenson Jan 1999

Environmental Impact Assessment Laws In The Nineties: Can The United States And Mexico Learn From Each Other?, Heather N. Stevenson

University of Richmond Law Review

The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) was the first major environmental law in the United States. The statute "was devised to establish a comprehensive national policy which would ... guid[e] federal activity and provid[e] for a coordinated, informed approach toward dealing with environmental problems." Since NEPA's enactment, agencies have been "required to prepare environmental analyses, with input from the state and local governments, Indian tribes, the public, and other federal agencies, when considering a proposal for a major federal action." Although most of the environmental impact assessment law in the world is modeled on NEPA and the impact …