Law Commons^™

International Law In Mexican Courts, Jorge Cicero

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Recognizing the increasing importance of international law in Mexico, this Article addresses the actual and potential uses of international law in Mexican courts. The Article reviews the ways in which the Mexican system already ensures the judicial consideration of international undertakings, as well as areas of possible improvements. The Article first considers the role and status of international law in the Mexican legal order, including the domestic status of international treaties and agreements, as well as the interaction between national and international norms. Next, the Article focuses on ways to ensure the consideration of international legal questions by Mexico's high …

Kalanke V. Freie Hansestadt Bremen: The Significance Of The Kalanke Decision On Future Positive Action Programs In The European Union, Rebecca Means

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

In the landmark case Kalanke v. Freie Hansestadt Bremen, the European Court of Justice held that a German state law giving women an "absolute and unconditional priority" in the labor market was inconsistent with the European Equal Treatment Directive. Although many Europeans vehemently criticized the Kalanke decision initially, the furor now appears to have subsided. As a result of this decision, however, the European Union is currently re-examining equal treatment policies and will likely provide further guidance to Member States attempting to formulate positive action programs.

This Note first discusses the institutions of the European Union as they relate to …