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Full-Text Articles in Law
Is There A Doctrine In The House? Welfare Reform And The Unconstitutional Conditions Doctrine, Jonathan Romberg
Is There A Doctrine In The House? Welfare Reform And The Unconstitutional Conditions Doctrine, Jonathan Romberg
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Article proposes that courts should subject unconstitutional conditions cases to intermediate scrutiny rather than presuming that a conditioned benefit is either valid or invalid based on its formal attributes. In conducting intermediate scrutiny, courts should consider: (i) the degree of equality or neutrality demanded by the underlying constitutional right; (ii) the importance of the benefit to the recipient; (iii) the germaneness of the condition to the reason the government may legitimately deny the benefit in the absence of the condition, and thus whether the government is attempting to use its economic and regulatory powers to gain leverage over a …
Federal Enforcement Of Civil Rights During The First Reconstruction, Robert J. Kaczorowski
Federal Enforcement Of Civil Rights During The First Reconstruction, Robert J. Kaczorowski
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This essay recounts the heroic efforts of federal legal officers and judges to enforce citizens' rights during the 1870s. Part I sets forth the historical events giving rise to the enforcement effort of the Grant Administration. Part II details the problems which the federal executive branch faced when it aggressively prosecuted civil rights violations. Part III details the problems which the federal judiciary faced in administering the civil rights prosecutions brought by the executive branch. Part IV details the national political problems that eventually ended effective enforcement of federal civil rights laws. This Essay concludes that, notwithstanding the problems faced …
Note: New York City's Restrictive Zoning Of Adult Businesses: A Constitutional Analysis, Rachel Simon
Note: New York City's Restrictive Zoning Of Adult Businesses: A Constitutional Analysis, Rachel Simon
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Part I explores the adult pornography industry in New York City and the constitutional framework developed by both federal and New York State courts to regulate non-obscene pornographic expression. Part II analyzes the City's Adult Zoning Resolution in light of decisions of the New York State Court of Appeals, the United States Supreme Court, and various federal district and circuit courts. Part III proposes changes that will increase the probability that the City's Adult Zoning Resolution will survive constitutional challenges. This Note concludes that although the current version of the City's Adult Zoning Resolution infringes unconstitutionally on adult business owners' …