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Full-Text Articles in Law

Ugly: An Inquiry Into The Problem Of Racial Gerrymandering Under The Voting Rights Act, Daniel D. Polsby, Robert D. Popper Dec 1993

Ugly: An Inquiry Into The Problem Of Racial Gerrymandering Under The Voting Rights Act, Daniel D. Polsby, Robert D. Popper

Michigan Law Review

In the discussion that follows, we focus on the case of congressional districting rather than on districting in general. Although we proceed in this manner for the sake of clarity, it is also true that no single, all-purpose normative theory of electoral mechanics will cover every case of democratic representation, from county commissions to mosquito control districts to sovereign legislatures. We do not claim that one can generalize our argument to every sort of election to which the VRA might apply. Yet we think our argument does approximate a theory of general application.


Expressive Harms, "Bizarre Districts," And Voting Rights: Evaluating Election-District Appearances After Shaw V. Reno, Richard H. Pildes, Richard G. Niemi Dec 1993

Expressive Harms, "Bizarre Districts," And Voting Rights: Evaluating Election-District Appearances After Shaw V. Reno, Richard H. Pildes, Richard G. Niemi

Michigan Law Review

This article attempts to define the constitutional principles that characterize Shaw and to suggest how those principles might be applied in a consistent, meaningful way. Part I, in which we argue that Shaw must be understood to rest on a distinctive conception of the kinds of harms against which the Constitution protects, is the theoretical heart of the article. We call these expressive harms, as opposed to more familiar, material harms. In Part II, we briefly survey the history of previous, largely unsuccessful, efforts in other legal contexts to give principled content to these kinds of harms in redistricting. …


Race And Redistricting: Drawing Constitutional Lines After Shaw V. Reno, T. Alexander Aleinikoff, Samuel Isaacharoff Dec 1993

Race And Redistricting: Drawing Constitutional Lines After Shaw V. Reno, T. Alexander Aleinikoff, Samuel Isaacharoff

Michigan Law Review

Shaw is no doubt a major opinion that attempts to define limits on the use of racial or ethnic classifications in electoral redistricting. The main thrust of this article is to assess the critical question of whether Shaw renders unconstitutional the type of race-conscious realignment of electoral configurations that have given meaning to the voting rights reforms of the past two decades. In making this assessment, we try to ascertain exactly how the Court has limited the use of race-conscious districting, and we try to determine whether there is any jurisprudential coherence to the Court's latest confrontation with the law …


Deadly Confusion: Juror Instructions In Capital Cases , Theodore Eisenberg, Martin T. Wells Nov 1993

Deadly Confusion: Juror Instructions In Capital Cases , Theodore Eisenberg, Martin T. Wells

Cornell Law Review

No abstract provided.


Persistence Of The Ancient Regime: Custom Utility And The Common Law In The Nineteenth Century , Andrea C. Loux Nov 1993

Persistence Of The Ancient Regime: Custom Utility And The Common Law In The Nineteenth Century , Andrea C. Loux

Cornell Law Review

No abstract provided.


Three Mistakes About Interpretation, Paul Campos Nov 1993

Three Mistakes About Interpretation, Paul Campos

Michigan Law Review

The single most important word in modem constitutional theory is "interpretation." The single most confusing word in modem constitutional theory is "interpretation." What accounts for this unhappy state of affairs?

I will try to show that Barry Friedman's assertions, as well as others that are but rephrasings of the same basic ideas, are not the common sense truths that so many constitutional theorists assume them to be, but are instead the products of an extraordinarily confused and ultimately incoherent set of assumptions regarding the interpretation of language.


The Constitution, The Legislature, And Unfair Surprise: Toward A Reliance-Based Approach To The Contract Clause, Robert A. Graham Nov 1993

The Constitution, The Legislature, And Unfair Surprise: Toward A Reliance-Based Approach To The Contract Clause, Robert A. Graham

Michigan Law Review

This Note argues that the Court should return to a reliance-based approach to Contract Clause challenges, fashioned loosely along the same lines as the HRID. Although it does not advocate that the Court revivify the rules created by the early decisions, the Note proposes that the Court look to the private parties' expectations and, more specifically, to the reasonableness of those expectations in deciding the clause's applicability to a particular case. Part I provides a brief history of the Contract Clause and its development. This Part follows the clause from the Constitutional Convention through the 1980s to illustrate the Court's …


The Advocacy Of "Constitutional" Conduct, Marshall C. Derks Oct 1993

The Advocacy Of "Constitutional" Conduct, Marshall C. Derks

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Article Ii Revisionism, Cass R. Sunstein Oct 1993

Article Ii Revisionism, Cass R. Sunstein

Michigan Law Review

One of the most striking developments of the last decade has been the new use of Article II in public law adjudication. Article II is a prominent feature not only of cases involving the creation of federal institutions that are independent of the President, but also of new disputes involving reviewability, scope of review, and standing.

Professor Krent and Mr. Shenkman have performed a valuable service in spelling out the argument that Article II, rather than Article III, justifies constitutional limits on legislative grants of standing. Indeed, on several important matters, we are very much in agreement. In this brief …


The Future Of Our Past: The Legal Mind And The Legacy Of Classical Common-Law Thought, Donald H. Gjerdingen Jul 1993

The Future Of Our Past: The Legal Mind And The Legacy Of Classical Common-Law Thought, Donald H. Gjerdingen

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Of Citizen Suits And Citizen Sunstein, Harold J. Krent, Ethan G. Shenkman Jun 1993

Of Citizen Suits And Citizen Sunstein, Harold J. Krent, Ethan G. Shenkman

Michigan Law Review

After briefly summarizing Lujan and addressing Sunstein's critique, we explore the concept of accountability underlying the creation of a single executive in Article II. We then apply our theory of the unitary executive to several examples of broad grants of statutory standing, concluding that Congress can confer standing on private citizens only if it specifically articulates and individuates the interests whose violation gives rise to a cognizable case. Although we agree with Sunstein's view that broad grants of statutory standing do not necessarily trench upon constitutional values, we ultimately side with Justice Scalia in concluding that universal citizen standing, as …


If The Eye Offend Thee, Turn Off The Color, John Harrison May 1993

If The Eye Offend Thee, Turn Off The Color, John Harrison

Michigan Law Review

A Review of The Color-Blind Constitution by Andrew Kull


The Political Process As Final Solution, Charles M. Freeland Apr 1993

The Political Process As Final Solution, Charles M. Freeland

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.


The Role Of Religious Values In Judicial Decision Making, Scott C. Idleman Apr 1993

The Role Of Religious Values In Judicial Decision Making, Scott C. Idleman

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Revisiting Roe V. Wade: Substance And Process In The Abortion Debate, Margaret G. Farrell Apr 1993

Revisiting Roe V. Wade: Substance And Process In The Abortion Debate, Margaret G. Farrell

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Legal Developments: Ethics In Government Federal Advisory Committees, Foreign Conflicts Of Interest, The Constitution, And Dr. Franklin's Snuff Box, Gerald S. Schatz Mar 1993

Legal Developments: Ethics In Government Federal Advisory Committees, Foreign Conflicts Of Interest, The Constitution, And Dr. Franklin's Snuff Box, Gerald S. Schatz

University of the District of Columbia Law Review

No abstract provided.


Constitutional Interpretation And Activist Fantasies, Raoul Berger Jan 1993

Constitutional Interpretation And Activist Fantasies, Raoul Berger

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Right To Be Present Jan 1993

Right To Be Present

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Right To Be Present Jan 1993

Right To Be Present

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Fencing Out Politically Unpopular Groups From The Normal Political Processes: The Equal Protection Concerns Of Colorado Amendment Two, Craig Cassin Burke Jan 1993

Fencing Out Politically Unpopular Groups From The Normal Political Processes: The Equal Protection Concerns Of Colorado Amendment Two, Craig Cassin Burke

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Due Process Jan 1993

Due Process

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


American Indian Influence On The United States Constitution And Its Framers, Robert J. Miller Jan 1993

American Indian Influence On The United States Constitution And Its Framers, Robert J. Miller

American Indian Law Review

No abstract provided.


An Adequate Education For All Maryland's Children: Morally Right, Economically Necessary, And Constitutionally Required, Susan P. Leviton, Matthew H. Joseph Jan 1993

An Adequate Education For All Maryland's Children: Morally Right, Economically Necessary, And Constitutionally Required, Susan P. Leviton, Matthew H. Joseph

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.


There Goes The Neighborhood: The Evolution Of "Family" In Local Zoning Ordinances, William Graham Jan 1993

There Goes The Neighborhood: The Evolution Of "Family" In Local Zoning Ordinances, William Graham

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Right To Confrontation Jan 1993

Right To Confrontation

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Right To Retirement Benefits Jan 1993

Right To Retirement Benefits

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Rules & Regulations Jan 1993

Rules & Regulations

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Search & Seizure Jan 1993

Search & Seizure

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Search & Seizure Jan 1993

Search & Seizure

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Trial By Jury Jan 1993

Trial By Jury

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.