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Enforcement Of Environmental Laws Under A Supplemental Agreement To The North American Free Trade Agreement, William Snape
Enforcement Of Environmental Laws Under A Supplemental Agreement To The North American Free Trade Agreement, William Snape
Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals
INTRODUCTION: Enforcement of environmental laws is one of the key issues in the debate over the relationship between trade and environment in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Without uniformly strong enforcement in all three NAFTA nations, there is the potential for in- creased migration of "dirty" industries to nations with lax enforcement, and for increased environmental degradation. Furthermore, industries subject to lax enforcement do not have to internalize environmental compliance costs and so have a competitive advantage over their international rivals. This article discusses various approaches to encouraging enhanced enforcement of environmental laws as one component of a …
What Will Happen To The Critters, William Snape
What Will Happen To The Critters, William Snape
Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals
On September 16, 1993, United States President Bill Clinton and his counterparts in Mexico and Canada signed the environmental supplement to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). This environmental agreement addresses two main issues: enforcement of domestic environmental laws through possible trade sanctions and environmental cooperation among the three Parties-both to be implemented by a newly created Commission on Environmental Cooperation (CEC). Although increased environmental cooperation possesses no legal mandate per se and has been characterized by some as "green window-dressing," the CEC's authority to examine virtually any environmental issue related to trade is precedent setting. For example, the …
Challenges To The Doctrine Of Free Trade, Jagdish N. Bhagwati
Challenges To The Doctrine Of Free Trade, Jagdish N. Bhagwati
Faculty Scholarship
The doctrine of free trade is facing new challenges today. As one surveys the policy arena, questions are raised about free trade by those who worry about Japan (and today this includes many more than the "revisionists") and who argue that free trade with Japan is not gainful. Several environmentalists as well oppose free trade with passion. These concerns relate to what now is called the absence of "level playing fields": "fair trade" as a precondition of free trade is the battle cry.
There is also the fear that free trade, even if efficient, hurts the unskilled and thus immiserizes …