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Full-Text Articles in Law
Unjust Cities? Gentrification, Integration, And The Fair Housing Act, Olatunde C.A. Johnson
Unjust Cities? Gentrification, Integration, And The Fair Housing Act, Olatunde C.A. Johnson
Faculty Scholarship
What does gentrification mean for fair housing? This article considers the possibility that gentrification should be celebrated as a form of integration alongside a darker narrative that sees gentrification as necessarily unstable and leading to inequality or displacement of lower-income, predominantly of color, residents. Given evidence of both possibilities, this article considers how the Fair Housing Act might be deployed to minimize gentrification’s harms while harnessing some of the benefits that might attend integration and movement of higher-income residents to cities. Ultimately, the article urges building on the fair housing approach but employing a broader set of tools to advance …
Bureaucracy As The Border: Administrative Law And The Citizen Family, Kristin Collins
Bureaucracy As The Border: Administrative Law And The Citizen Family, Kristin Collins
Faculty Scholarship
This contribution to the symposium on administrative law and practices of inclusion and exclusion examines the complex role of administrators in the development of family-based citizenship and immigration laws. Official decisions regarding the entry of noncitizens into the United States are often characterized as occurring outside of the normal constitutional and administrative rules that regulate government action. There is some truth to that description. But the historical sources examined in this Article demonstrate that in at least one important respect, citizenship and immigration have long been similar to other fields of law that are primarily implemented by agencies: officials operating …
Overreach And Innovation In Equality Regulation, Olatunde C.A. Johnson
Overreach And Innovation In Equality Regulation, Olatunde C.A. Johnson
Faculty Scholarship
At a time of heightened concern about agency overreach, this Article highlights a less appreciated development in agency equality regulation. Moving beyond traditional bureaucratic forms of regulation, civil rights agencies in recent years have experimented with new forms of regulation to advance inclusion. This new "inclusive regulation" can be described as more open ended, less coercive, and more reliant on rewards, collaboration, flexibility, and interactive assessment than traditional modes of civil rights regulation. This Article examines the power and limits of this new inclusive regulation and suggests a framework for increasing the efficacy of these new modes of regulation.
Beyond The Private Attorney General: Equality Directives In American Law, Olatunde C.A. Johnson
Beyond The Private Attorney General: Equality Directives In American Law, Olatunde C.A. Johnson
Faculty Scholarship
American civil rights regulation is generally understood as relying on private enforcement in courts rather than imposing positive duties on state actors to further equity goals. This Article argues that this dominant conception of American civil rights regulation is incomplete. American civil rights regulation also contains a set of "equality directives," whose emergence and reach in recent years have gone unrecognized in the commentary. These federal-level equality directives use administrative tools of conditioned spending, policymaking, and oversight powerfully to promote substantive inclusion with regard to race, ethnicity, language, and disability. These directives move beyond the constraints of the standard private …