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Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Law
Does The Community Choice Aggregation Approach Advance Distributed Generation Development? A Case Study Of Municipalities In California, Robin M. Rotman, Jun Deng
Does The Community Choice Aggregation Approach Advance Distributed Generation Development? A Case Study Of Municipalities In California, Robin M. Rotman, Jun Deng
Faculty Publications
Globally, decentralized energy systems are gaining popularity due to their potential for energy accessibility, energy resilience, and sustainability benefits. Existing research on an energy system decentralization approach, community choice aggregation (CCA), shows its ability to lower energy costs and increase renewable electricity consumption for U.S. communities. Nevertheless, research on the relationship between CCA and distributed electricity generation development is lacking. This paper fills this gap by investigating if the CCA approach associates with distributed generation capacity interconnection in California municipalities. The finding shows that although the average capacity has increased for all municipalities throughout the study period, contrary to proponents’ …
Intersectional Management: An Analysis Of Cooperation And Competition On American Public Lands, Robin M. Rotman, Abigail M. Hunt
Intersectional Management: An Analysis Of Cooperation And Competition On American Public Lands, Robin M. Rotman, Abigail M. Hunt
Faculty Publications
The United States government holds public lands in trust for the whole of the American people. This article focuses on National Monuments under the Antiquities Act. It argues that the federal government should renew its approach to the management of these lands by incorporating principles of environmental justice and long- term environmental viability. The article begins by examining the historical and legal foundations of federal lands in the United States, with a focus on the Antiquities Act. It then reflects on recent litigation and political controversy surrounding Bears Ears National Monument and Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument, to illustrate how the …
Policy Comparison Of Lead Hunting Ammunition Bans And Voluntary Nonlead Programs For California Condors, Robin M. Rotman, John H. Schulz, Samantha Totoni, Sonja A. Wilhelm Stanis, Christine Jie Li, Mark Morgan, Damon M. Hall, Elisabeth B. Webb
Policy Comparison Of Lead Hunting Ammunition Bans And Voluntary Nonlead Programs For California Condors, Robin M. Rotman, John H. Schulz, Samantha Totoni, Sonja A. Wilhelm Stanis, Christine Jie Li, Mark Morgan, Damon M. Hall, Elisabeth B. Webb
Faculty Publications
The endangered California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) is negatively affected by lead poisoning from spent lead‐based hunting ammunition. Because lead poisoning is the primary mortality factor affecting condors, the California Fish and Game Commission banned lead hunting ammunition during 2008 in the southern California condor range followed by a statewide ban implemented in 2019. In contrast, the Arizona Game and Fish Department instituted an outreach and awareness program encouraging voluntary use of nonlead hunting ammunition in the northern portion of the state during 2005 and a similar program was launched in Utah during 2012. The juxtaposition of policy tools provided a …
Going Concerns And Environmental Concerns: Mitigating Climate Change Through Bankruptcy Reform, Alexander Gouzoules
Going Concerns And Environmental Concerns: Mitigating Climate Change Through Bankruptcy Reform, Alexander Gouzoules
Faculty Publications
This article examines how legislative reforms to the Bankruptcy Code could mitigate the effects of climate change, speed the adoption of renewable energy, and contribute to U.S. compliance with the Paris Agreement of 2015. It analyzes the benefits derived by the fossil fuel industry from Chapter 11, which allows extractive firms to survive boom-and-bust cycles caused by volatile oil and gas prices. Insolvent polluters are preserved as going concerns during price collapses, only to resume and expand production as prices recover.
This article proposes novel legislative reforms to the Bankruptcy Code that would require insolvent fossil fuel producers to liquidate …
Resurfacing Sovereignty: Who Regulates Surface Mining In Indian Country After Mcgirt?, Robin M. Rotman, Sam J. Carter
Resurfacing Sovereignty: Who Regulates Surface Mining In Indian Country After Mcgirt?, Robin M. Rotman, Sam J. Carter
Faculty Publications
This article examines disputes over surface mining jurisdiction on the Muscogee (Creek) Nation Reservation post-McGirt and the larger implications for sovereignty and environmental justice in Indian Country that follow. Part II summarizes the history of federal, state, and tribal relations and provides an analysis of the McGirt decision and its potential impacts on natural resource issues. Part III offers an examination of jurisdictional uncertainties post-McGirt through an in-depth discussion of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act and the State of Oklahoma v. United States Department of the Interior case. Drawing from the examination of surface mining regulation, Part IV …
Realigning The Clean Water Act: Comprehensive Treatment Of Nonpoint Source Pollution, Robin M. Rotman, Ashley A. Hollis, Kathleen M. Trauth
Realigning The Clean Water Act: Comprehensive Treatment Of Nonpoint Source Pollution, Robin M. Rotman, Ashley A. Hollis, Kathleen M. Trauth
Faculty Publications
Nonpoint source pollution is the biggest threat to water quality in the United States today. This Article argues for stronger federal controls over nonpoint source pollution. It begins by examining the history of water quality regulation in the United States, including the passage and amendment of the Clean Water Act and the evolving definition of “navigable waters” over time. The Article then discusses recent rulemaking and litigation developments, including the Clean Water Rule, the Navigable Waters Protection Rule, and the County of Maui, Hawaii v. Hawaii Wildlife Fund case. It offers three recommendations. First, the Article calls for a congressional …
Greenwashing No More: The Case For Stronger Regulation Of Environmental Marketing, Robin M. Rotman, Chloe J. Gossett, Hope D. Goldman
Greenwashing No More: The Case For Stronger Regulation Of Environmental Marketing, Robin M. Rotman, Chloe J. Gossett, Hope D. Goldman
Faculty Publications
Fraudulent and deceptive environmental claims in marketing (sometimes called “greenwashing”) are a persistent problem in the United States, despite nearly thirty years of efforts by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to prevent it. This Essay focuses on a recent trend in greenwashing - fraudulent “organic” claims for nonagricultural products, such as home goods and personal care products. We offer three recommendations. First, we suggest ways that the FTC can strengthen its oversight of “organic” claims for nonagricultural products and improve coordination with the USDA. Second, we argue for inclusion of guidelines for “organic” claims in the next revision of the …
Do You Know What's On Your Plate?: The Importance Of Regulating The Processes Of Food Production, Martha Dragich
Do You Know What's On Your Plate?: The Importance Of Regulating The Processes Of Food Production, Martha Dragich
Faculty Publications
This article argues that the current regulatory approach-focusing on the supposed equivalence of new foods to traditional ones-is unduly narrow, particularly given the characteristics of the modem food system. To achieve the broad objectives of the FDCA in the context of the industrialized, highly processed, and global food supply of the twenty-first century requires adopting a broader understanding of consumer protection needs with respect to food. The FDCA itself is written in very broad terms and provides much of the authority needed today. The FDA's enforcement capacity, however, already is severely strained.52 Moreover, the scientific basis for some process- oriented …
'Tis A Gift To Be Simple: A Model Reform Of The Federal Sentencing Guidelines, Frank O. Bowman Iii
'Tis A Gift To Be Simple: A Model Reform Of The Federal Sentencing Guidelines, Frank O. Bowman Iii
Faculty Publications
This essay introducing the June 2006 edition of the Federal Sentencing Reporter (Vol. 18, No. 5) describes two important contributions to the movement for real reform of the federal sentencing system. First, Professor Bowman summarizes the recommendations of the Constitution Project Sentencing Initiative (CPSI) report on federal sentencing. The CPSI report, reproduced in this Issue, cautions against any over-hasty legislative response to the Supreme Court's decision in United States v. Booker, suggests some near-term improvements to the existing federal sentencing system, and then sets out a framework for a reformed and markedly simplified federal sentencing regime. Second, Professor Bowman describes …
The Case Against Private Disparate Impact Suits, Thom Lambert
The Case Against Private Disparate Impact Suits, Thom Lambert
Faculty Publications
This article argues that the Third Circuit, and the courts that have implicitly approved private disparate impact suits, have erred in construing Title VI to permit private plaintiffs to sue federally funded entities for discrimination based on disparate impact alone. From a policy standpoint, permitting private disparate impact suits is a bad idea, for the threat of such suits will lead to deterrence of actions and decisions that have incidental disparate effects but are, on the whole, good.
Of Sinking And Escalating: A (Somewhat) New Look At Stare Decisis, Rafael Gely
Of Sinking And Escalating: A (Somewhat) New Look At Stare Decisis, Rafael Gely
Faculty Publications
This article explores the concept of stare decisis from the escalation of commitment perspective. I argue that the theory of escalation of commitment provides a powerful tool that can be used in our understanding of the application of stare decisis . The literature on the use of precedent is extensive; however, this Article develops a new way of looking at case law development and stare decisis . In particular, the Article contemplates stare decisis as a decision-making process and then considers the academic literature in order that we may gain some insight into that process.
Environmental Inequity: Economic Causes, Economic Solutions, Thom Lambert, Christopher Boerner
Environmental Inequity: Economic Causes, Economic Solutions, Thom Lambert, Christopher Boerner
Faculty Publications
The article examines one such shortcoming: namely, that existing research fails to account for the dynamic nature of the housing market. Analyzing data from the St. Louis metropolitan area, this study finds that economic factors--not siting discrimination--are behind many claims of environmental racism. This phenomenon suggests the need to develop public policies that fit the economic nature of the problem. In particular, a policy that compensates individuals living near industrial sites is the key to securing environmental justice.
Causation In Fact In Omission Cases, David A. Fischer
Causation In Fact In Omission Cases, David A. Fischer
Faculty Publications
This article analyzes the difficulties involved in attributing cause in fact in omission cases, and suggests possible resolutions. Part II discusses the basic concept of causation, and the distinction between acts and omissions. Part III discusses the particular problems that arise in applying causation principles in omission cases. Part IV then analyzes these problems from both corrective justice and economic analysis perspectives. Finally, the article suggests an approach for solving these complex issues.
Federal And State Water Quality Regulation And Law In Missouri, Peter N. Davis
Federal And State Water Quality Regulation And Law In Missouri, Peter N. Davis
Faculty Publications
This article discusses that law in two parts. The first part examines the federal and Missouri waste discharge regulatory system. The second part analyzes common law rights and remedies related to water pollution.
Protecting Waste Assimilation Streamflows By The Law Of Water Allocation, Nuisance, And Public Trust, And By Environmental Statutes, Peter N. Davis
Protecting Waste Assimilation Streamflows By The Law Of Water Allocation, Nuisance, And Public Trust, And By Environmental Statutes, Peter N. Davis
Faculty Publications
Both federal and state water pollution control statutes require dramatic reductions in waste discharges, but not their total elimination. Those statutes require establishing water quality standards for receiving waters and presume that they will be adequate to assimilate the residual post treatment wastes. But nothing is those statutes assures that minimum flows for waste assimilation in fact will remain in existence. Neither the common law nor eastern and western diversion permit statutes expressly provide direct means for establishing such minimum protected flows for residual waste assimilation. Those means include establishing minimum flows for fish and wildlife habitat and recreation purposes …
State Regulation Of Alien Land Ownership, William B. Fisch
State Regulation Of Alien Land Ownership, William B. Fisch
Faculty Publications
In the 1970's, due to a number of factors only one of which is the new-found wealth of the oil-producing nations, the volume of foreign direct investment in the United States has increased dramatically. The magnitude of this capital inflow, while it is doubtless beneficial in many respects, has caused widespread alarm over the possibility of a loss of economic sovereignty. Over the last several years efforts have been made to establish a national system of control over such investment. These efforts are continuing, but so far without conspicuous success.
Legal Aid Program For North Dakota, William B. Fisch
Legal Aid Program For North Dakota, William B. Fisch
Faculty Publications
Since the summer of 1965, the State Bar Association of North Dakota, through a special subcommittee on Legal Aid and Defense of Indigents and its standing committee on the same subject,1 has been investigating the need for legal aid in North Dakota, possible sources for funds to finance legal aid programs in the state, and possible forms which a program might take to meet the need. As a result of these investigations, a proposal has been prepared by the committee for submission to the Legal Services Program of the Office of Economic Opportunity (headed by Mr. Bamberger), for federal funds …