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The Role Of Patents In Exploiting The Genome, Rebecca S. Eisenberg Jan 2002

The Role Of Patents In Exploiting The Genome, Rebecca S. Eisenberg

Book Chapters

The sequencing of the human genome is a great scientific accomplishment that opens the door to further scientific inquiry of a sort that would otherwise be impossible. In addition to being passionately interested in the patent issues this research presents, as a legal scholar I have a long-standing interest in the role of intellectual property in interactions between the public and private senators and between universities and private firms in research science, with a focus on biomedial research. However, although the Human Genome Project has provided a rich terrain for exploring these issues, I am puzzled that intellectual property issues …


Patents On Dna Sequences: Molecules And Information, Rebecca S. Eisenberg Jan 2002

Patents On Dna Sequences: Molecules And Information, Rebecca S. Eisenberg

Book Chapters

As public and private sector initiatives raced to complete the sequence of the human genome, patent issues played a prominent role in speculations about the significance of this achievement. How much of the genome would be subject to the control of patent holders, and what would this mean for future research and the development of products for the improvement of human health in a patent system developed to establish rights in mechanical inventions of an earlier era up to the task of resolving competing claim, to the genome on behalf or the many sequential innovators who elucidate its sequence and …


Genetics And Artificial Procreation In The U.S.A., Carl E. Scheider, Lynn Wardle Jan 2002

Genetics And Artificial Procreation In The U.S.A., Carl E. Scheider, Lynn Wardle

Book Chapters

We national reporters have been asked to provide in a few pages such a range of information about the law and practice of medicine generally, genetic and artificial reproductive techniques specifically, and related family law and human rights issues that probably no country's reporter could pretend to have succeeded. We reporters for the United States, particularly, must stress the limitations of our report at the outset. It is difficult to summarize the American law and practice because they are so extraordinarily various and dynamic. There are several reasons for this, most of which will in uncanny ways confirm many of …


Digital Copyright And The "Progress Of Science, Jessica D. Litman Jan 2002

Digital Copyright And The "Progress Of Science, Jessica D. Litman

Articles

Let me start with a truism: Networked digital technology has transformed information and the way we interact with it. Digital information is dynamic rather than fixed. What we think of as “documents” can change constantly. That’s challenged our notions of what it means to archive material.


Banking For The Unbanked, Michael S. Barr Jan 2002

Banking For The Unbanked, Michael S. Barr

Articles

The consequences of not having access to mainstream financial services can be severe. Fim, the "unbanked" face high costs for basic financial servies. For example, a 2000 Treasury [U.S. Treasury Department] study found that a worker eaming $12,000 a year would pay approximately $250 annually just to cash payroll checks at a check cashing outlet, in addition to fees for money orders, wire transfers, bill payments, and other common transactions. Regular payments with low credit risk that could be directly deposited into bank accounts, with significantly lower payment systems costs, form the bulk of checks cashed at these check cashing …


Expert Testimony On Fingerprints: An Internet Exchange, Richard D. Friedman, David H. Kaye, Jennifer Mnookin, Dale Nance, Michael Saks Jan 2002

Expert Testimony On Fingerprints: An Internet Exchange, Richard D. Friedman, David H. Kaye, Jennifer Mnookin, Dale Nance, Michael Saks

Articles

In United States v. Llera Plaza, 188 F. Supp. 2d 549 (E.D. Pa. 2002), a federal district initially limited expert opinion testimony on fingerprint identifications because the government was unable to show that such identifications were sufficiently valid and reliable under Federal Rule of Evidence 702. Then, the court withdrew the opinion. This article reproduces an exchange of notes on the initial opinion submitted by five law professors.


Public Vs. Proprietary Science: A Fruitful Tension?, Rebecca S. Eisenberg, Richard R. Nelson Jan 2002

Public Vs. Proprietary Science: A Fruitful Tension?, Rebecca S. Eisenberg, Richard R. Nelson

Articles

What should be public and what should be private in scientific research? The competitive sprint of public and private laboratories to complete the sequence of the human genome has brought this question to the fore. The same question frames the developing struggle over terms of access to human embryonic stem cell lines and the conflict between Microsoft and the open source movement over how best to promote software development. We expect such conflicts to become more widespread as the role of for-profit research expands in a broader range of scientific fields. Will science progress more swiftly and fruitfully if its …