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The Influence Of A Showup Identification On A Subsequent Witness Description, Kelsey Lynne Hess
The Influence Of A Showup Identification On A Subsequent Witness Description, Kelsey Lynne Hess
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Showups account for 30%-77% of initial identification procedures conducted by police (Flowe et al., 2001; Gonzalez et al., 1993; McQuiston & Malpass, 2001). Unlike lineups, showups are typically administered within a few hours of the crime event. The administration of a showup, due to its timing, is likely to precede a more formal police interview. The showup may introduce new characteristics of the suspect’s physical appearance to the witness. Any new characteristics inconsistent with the perpetrator’s appearance at the crime can be considered misinformation, which has the potential to contaminate witness recall. Although the contaminating effects of a showup have …
Alibi Generation And Discriminability: Improving Innocent Suspects' Accuracy And Examining Alibi Discriminability, Kureva Pritchard Matuku
Alibi Generation And Discriminability: Improving Innocent Suspects' Accuracy And Examining Alibi Discriminability, Kureva Pritchard Matuku
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The literature on the generation and evaluation of alibis reveals two main findings: (a) Innocent alibi providers are often inaccurate when reporting their alibis, and (b) people are poor at discriminating true from deceptive alibis. Across two experiments, this research adopted a system variables approach to addressing these two problems. Study 1 examined whether a theory-driven intervention involving preparation time with phone access would enhance the accuracy of innocent suspects’ alibis. Additionally, Study 1 explored cues to deception that could differentiate honest and deceptive alibi providers. Study 1 conformed to a 2 (Alibi Type: Honest, Deceptive) x 3 (Interview Approach: …
It Must Have Been Him: Coherence Effects Within The Legal System, Jonathan N. Carbone
It Must Have Been Him: Coherence Effects Within The Legal System, Jonathan N. Carbone
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The present series of studies examine how jurors and public defenders evaluate different pieces of evidence and integrate them into a coherent conclusion within the context of a criminal case. Previous research has shown that in situations where both sides of the case are compelling, decision-makers nevertheless come to highly confident and polarized decisions, called coherence shifts (Simon, 2004). The present research sought to expand on coherence effects, improve upon the methodology of previous studies, and explore potential moderators of coherence. In Study 1, mock jurors (n = 306) read about a criminal case and evaluated multiple pieces of …