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Full-Text Articles in Law
Ebay, Permanent Injunctions, And Trade Secrets, Elizabeth A. Rowe
Ebay, Permanent Injunctions, And Trade Secrets, Elizabeth A. Rowe
UF Law Faculty Publications
This Article presents the first qualitative empirical review of permanent injunctions in trade secret cases. In addition, it explores the extent to which the Supreme Court’s patent decision in eBay v. MercExchange has influenced the analysis of equitable principles in federal trade secret litigation. Among the more notable findings are that while equitable principles are generally applied in determining whether to grant a permanent injunction to a prevailing party after trial, the courts are not necessarily strictly applying the four factors from eBay. The award of monetary relief does not preclude equitable injunctive relief, and courts can find irreparable harm …
Exhausting Patents, Wentong Zheng
Exhausting Patents, Wentong Zheng
UF Law Faculty Publications
A bedrock principle of patent law — patent exhaustion — proclaims that an authorized sale of a patented article exhausts the patentee’s rights with respect to the article sold. Over one hundred and fifty years of case law, however, has produced two conflicting notions of patent exhaustion, one considering exhaustion to be mandatory regardless of whether the patentee subjects the sale to express patent restrictions, and another treating exhaustion as a default rule that applies only in unconditional sales. The uncertainty surrounding the patent exhaustion doctrine casts a significant legal cloud over patent licensing practices in the modern economy and …
Trade Secrets, Trade, And Extraterritoriality, Elizabeth A. Rowe, Daniel M. Mahfood
Trade Secrets, Trade, And Extraterritoriality, Elizabeth A. Rowe, Daniel M. Mahfood
UF Law Faculty Publications
When a foreign individual or company misappropriates the trade secrets of an American company, and the acts of misappropriation occur entirely outside of the United States, the trade secret law of the United States generally will not apply. This represents the principle of extraterritoriality, and identifies a major vulnerability for companies that choose to conduct operations or engage in other business abroad. In such situations, the substantive and procedural laws of another country are likely to define whether the allegedly misappropriated information is protected and has been misappropriated.
Providing a domestic forum to prosecute extraterritorial infringement would substantially benefit domestic …
Intellectual Property And Employee Selection, Elizabeth A. Rowe
Intellectual Property And Employee Selection, Elizabeth A. Rowe
UF Law Faculty Publications
In today’s marketplace, companies from Disney to Hooters are increasingly integrating their image into the service that they provide. This has come to be known as “branded service.” The human wearing the trade dress merges with the brand image. When a company chooses this strategy to differentiate itself from its competitors in the marketplace, it will often incorporate some intellectual property, and the result then necessarily influences hiring decisions. If a business decides not to hire a prospective employee because she does not fit the company’s image, and that decision is challenged under the antidiscrimination laws, to what extent should …
The Conceptual And Jurisprudential Aspects Of Property In The Context Of The Fundamental Rights Of Indigenous People: The Case Of The Shuar Of Ecuador, Winston P. Nagan, Craig Hammer
The Conceptual And Jurisprudential Aspects Of Property In The Context Of The Fundamental Rights Of Indigenous People: The Case Of The Shuar Of Ecuador, Winston P. Nagan, Craig Hammer
UF Law Faculty Publications
This article draws attention to several problems relating to indigenous ownership of both real and intellectual property, and their related impact upon the well-being and essential dignity of indigenous peoples. Part II of this article introduces the concept of indigenous ownership of real and intellectual property. Part III digs deeper into challenges to indigenous ownership of land, using the Shuar people of Ecuador as a case study. Part IV examines the problem of bioprospecting, as well as some of its implications, and discusses how the problem has affected the Shuar. It additionally summarizes a few steps toward developing an effective …
Patents, Genetically Modified Foods, And Ip Overreaching, Elizabeth A. Rowe
Patents, Genetically Modified Foods, And Ip Overreaching, Elizabeth A. Rowe
UF Law Faculty Publications
Genetically engineered plants and animals have become and will continue to constitute a large part of the food we consume. The United States is the world's largest producer of genetically modified foods, making American consumers the most exposed population to these products. Agricultural biotechnology patents spur and support innovation. Accordingly, patent law is one of the main contributors to this phenomenon that has changed not only the kinds of food we eat, but the nature of the agri-business industry that produces these foods. This Article takes on an area of concern involving the patenting of food that has remained unexplored: …
Striking A Balance: When Should Trade-Secret Law Shield Disclosures To The Government?, Elizabeth A. Rowe
Striking A Balance: When Should Trade-Secret Law Shield Disclosures To The Government?, Elizabeth A. Rowe
UF Law Faculty Publications
In 2010, Toyota issued recalls on over eight million vehicles because of faulty acceleration. Assume that the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) requests that Toyota allow the government access to the data in black boxes on the recalled cars. The black boxes are operated by proprietary software and can only be accessed with special codes by Toyota. Assume further that Toyota refuses to provide the Black Box data to the government, claiming that it would reveal its trade secrets. How should courts approach what I coin these refusal-to-submit cases? There is a void in the literature and the case …
International Intellectual Property, Access To Health Care, And Human Rights: South Africa V. United States, Winston P. Nagan
International Intellectual Property, Access To Health Care, And Human Rights: South Africa V. United States, Winston P. Nagan
UF Law Faculty Publications
This Article examines the question of access to patented medicines in international law. It analyzes the extent to which international agreements may lawfully limit affordable versions of these medicines that may be available through parallel imports or compulsory licensing procedures. It considers the concept of intellectual property rights from a national and international perspective to determine how these rights must be sensitive to matters of national sovereignty when extraordinary, life-threatening diseases afflict societies in catastrophic ways. This Article suggests that viewing property (including intellectual property) as a human right requires that its scope be delimited and understood in the context …