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Judicial Independence And Accountability: Withstanding Political Stress, Leah Wortham
Judicial Independence And Accountability: Withstanding Political Stress, Leah Wortham
Scholarly Articles
For democracy and the rule of law to function and flourish, important actors in the justice system need sufficient independence from politicians in power to act under rule of law rather than political pressure. The court system must offer a place where government action can be reviewed, challenged, and, when necessary, limited to protect constitutional and legal bounds, safeguard internationally-recognized human rights, and prevent departures from a fair and impartial system of law enforcement and dispute resolution. Courts also should offer a place where government officials can be held accountable. People within and outside a country need faith that court …
Demokracja Elektorska I Populistyczna Z Perspektywy Wyboru D. Trumpa Na Presydenta Usa, Rett R. Ludwikowski
Demokracja Elektorska I Populistyczna Z Perspektywy Wyboru D. Trumpa Na Presydenta Usa, Rett R. Ludwikowski
Scholarly Articles
The article aims to investigate the effectiveness of the American system of "electoral democracy". Considering this problem from a comparative perspective, the author notes that the American system of "electoral college" has not become a universally accepted standard for countries with a federal system or states with ethnically strong regional centers. In essence, each presidential election in the United States which ended in the victory of one candidate in the general, popular election and the other in the Electoral College, resulted in inter-party conflicts, mass demonstrations of dissatisfaction of citizens disappointed by the US electoral system and even in the …
State-Sponsored Domestic Terrorism: The Case Of Poland, Rett R. Ludwikowski
State-Sponsored Domestic Terrorism: The Case Of Poland, Rett R. Ludwikowski
Scholarly Articles
No abstract provided.
Two Firsts: A Comparative Study Of The American And The Polish Constitutions, Rett R. Ludwikowski
Two Firsts: A Comparative Study Of The American And The Polish Constitutions, Rett R. Ludwikowski
Scholarly Articles
This article is only an introductory study to further inquiry. It focuses on the first two constitutions in the world: the American Constitution of 1787 and the Polish Constitution of May 3, 1791. Furthermore, the emphasis of this essay will be disposed of in a different manner than in the above mentioned studies. The author's purpose is not to add another article to the numerous works already devoted to American Constitutional development; instead, the following remarks will emphasize Polish constitutional history, and treat the American constitutional experience as a background for comparison.