Law Commons^™

Environmental Enforceability, Seema Kakade

Faculty Scholarship

There are great expectations for a resurgence in federal environmental enforcement in a Biden-led federal government. Indeed, federal environmental enforcement suffered serious blows during the Trump administration, particularly at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), including large cuts in the budget for enforcement and reversals of key enforcement policies. Yet, while important to repair the damage, truly strengthening federal environmental enforcement will require more. This Article highlights the need for greater attention to the multiple hurdles that plague environmental enforcement. In doing so, it makes three contributions to the literature. First, it asserts that even though environmental statutes, regulations, and guidance …

Environmental Enforceability, Seema Kakade

Faculty Scholarship

There are great expectations for a resurgence in federal environmental enforcement in a Biden-led federal government. Indeed, federal environmental enforcement suffered serious blows during the Trump Administration, particularly at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), including large cuts in the budget for enforcement and reversals of key enforcement policies. Yet, while important to repair the damage, truly strengthening federal environmental enforcement will require more. This Article highlights the need for greater attention to the multiple hurdles that plague environmental enforcement. In doing so it makes three contributions to the literature. First, it asserts that even though environmental statutes, regulations, and guidance …

Biden Administration Will Reverse Many Trump Environmental Policies, Michael B. Gerrard, Edward Mctiernan

Faculty Scholarship

When Joseph R. Biden, Jr. is inaugurated as the 46^th President of the United States on January 20, he will reverse many of the environmental actions taken by President Donald Trump. Some of this he can and probably will do immediately, possibly on Inauguration Day; other actions will have to go through administrative processes that will take several months, at least. The Trump Administration neither secured nor repealed almost any environmental legislation even while Republicans controlled both the House and the Senate, and little it did in this area is irrevocable.

The Baseline Bar, Nadia B. Ahmad

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Evaluating Rules And How We Measure Their Effects, Rena I. Steinzor, Michael Patoka

Faculty Scholarship

The Center for Progres­sive Reform undertook an empirical study of the Office of Information of Regulatory Affairs, the White House office that reviews every significant regulation issue by Executive Branch agencies. The study assembled an unprecedented portrait of its behav­ior during the decade from October 16, 2001, when notices of meetings with outside parties were first available on the Internet, until June 1, 2011. OIRA conducted 6,194 separate reviews of regulatory submissions, holding 1,080 meetings that involved 5,759 ap­pearances by outside par­ticipants. Both the final report and the database we assembled are available on the CPR website, at pro­gressivereform.org.

OIRA …

Corrective Lenses For Iris: Additional Reforms To Improve Epa's Integrated Risk Information System, Rena I. Steinzor, Wendy E. Wagner, Lena Pons, Matthew Shudtz

Faculty Scholarship

The Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) is the most important toxicological database in the world. Not only is it the single most comprehensive database of human health information about toxic substances, it also serves as a gateway to regulation, as well as to a range of public and private sector efforts to protect against toxic substances. IRIS “profiles” of individual substances include a number of scientific assessments of the substance’s toxicity to humans by various means of exposure – by inhalation, contact with the skin, and so on. Federal regulators rely on the assessments to do …

The Hidden Human And Environmental Costs Of Regulatory Delay, Catherine O'Neill, Amy Sinden, Rena I. Steinzor, James Goodwin, Ling-Yee Huang

Faculty Scholarship

Each year dozens of workers are killed, thousands of children harmed, and millions of dollars wasted because of unjustifiable delays in federal regulatory action. Such delays in regulatory action have become commonplace, part of the wallpaper of Washington’s regulatory process for the protector agencies—the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), EPA, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), and OSHA. Despite its significance, the problem of regulatory delay and the costs it generates has been virtually ignored in the debate over the general wisdom of the U.S. regulatory system over the last 30-plus years. Opponents …

The Economic Theory Of Nuisance Law And Implications For Environmental Regulation, Keith N. Hylton

Faculty Scholarship

In this article, I will explore in detail the structure of nuisance law as a mechanism for regulating environmental interferences and suggest a modernized enforcement regime. The modem regime would retain public enforcement primarily in identifying environmental harms. Public enforcement might also be retained in the discovery of sources of harm, as long as it is more efficient than private enforcement in that task. However, enforcement efforts in the proposed regime would largely be delegated to private enforcers. Moreover, the decentralized approach would permit tougher environmental rules than under the public enforcement approach in some areas, and perhaps weaker regulations …

When Should We Prefer Tort Law To Environmental Regulation?, Keith N. Hylton

Faculty Scholarship

There are two broad models of regulation: statutory schemes carried out by administrative agencies with the help of public enforcement agents, and highly discretionary common law rules developed over time through litigation. Environmental regulation is dominated by the first model, with relatively little of it done through litigation of tort claims. The reason may be largely historical: tort law has always been viewed as local in design and impact, while environmental law has always had a global aim. But it need not be this way. More than anything, tort law has been flexible, and thus capable of responding to new …

Toward Better Bubbles And Future Lives: A Progressive Response To The Conservative Agenda For Reforming Environmental Law, Rena I. Steinzor

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Bad Science, Linda Greer, Rena I. Steinzor

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Myths Of The Reinvented State, Rena I. Steinzor

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Corruption Of Civic Environmentalism, Rena I. Steinzor

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Reinventing Environmental Regulation Via The Government Performance And Results Act: Where's The Money?, Rena I. Steinzor, William F. Piermattei

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Reinventing Environmental Regulation: Back To The Past By Way Of The Future, Rena I. Steinzor

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.