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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Law
How Trade Liberalization And Labor Development Could Coincide In The Philippines, Aeneas Dr Hernandez, Brendan Emmanuel A. Miranda, Martin William P. Regulano, Andrae Jamal Tecson, Martin William P. Regulano, Ma. Ella Oplas, Tereso S. Tullao Jr, Winfred M. Villamil
How Trade Liberalization And Labor Development Could Coincide In The Philippines, Aeneas Dr Hernandez, Brendan Emmanuel A. Miranda, Martin William P. Regulano, Andrae Jamal Tecson, Martin William P. Regulano, Ma. Ella Oplas, Tereso S. Tullao Jr, Winfred M. Villamil
Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)
As the world adapts to the rapid pace of globalization in the 21st century, countries ease trade restrictions by gradually removing tariffs and non-tariff barriers to incentivize the free flow of goods across nations. This prevalence of trade liberalization policies propelled policymakers and economists to investigate the relationship between trade reforms and economic outcomes including wage inequality around the world. They found that trade liberalization, on average, has had a positive impact on economic growth, but prior studies that examine the effects of trade liberalization on wage inequality in developing countries have found mixed results. Recently, Murakami (2021) examined the …
Tax Risk, Corporate Governance, And The Valuation Of Tax Avoidance Across Philippine Firms: How Do Investors Value Corporate Tax Avoidance?, Christine E. Ang, Shawn Luther S. Chan, Sean Ellison G. Sow, Siegwald K. Yap, Madeleine B. Estabillo, Anne Go, Angelo A. Unite
Tax Risk, Corporate Governance, And The Valuation Of Tax Avoidance Across Philippine Firms: How Do Investors Value Corporate Tax Avoidance?, Christine E. Ang, Shawn Luther S. Chan, Sean Ellison G. Sow, Siegwald K. Yap, Madeleine B. Estabillo, Anne Go, Angelo A. Unite
Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)
Tax avoidance has traditionally been thought to enhance firm value because it generates cash savings for reinvestment or distribution to shareholders. More recent literature, however, suggests that tax avoidance valuation may not be so simple. Desai and Dharmapala (2009) introduced the “agency perspective” on tax avoidance, arguing that investors consider the risk of tax avoidance as opening opportunities for managers to extract rents from their firms. Positive tax avoidance value would therefore be conditional on good corporate governance quality. Drake et al. (2017) introduced yet another dimension—tax risk—to the valuation of tax avoidance, arguing that tax avoidance that comes with …
Consumer Protection Of Persons With Disabilities Amidst The Covid-19, James Keith C. Heffron
Consumer Protection Of Persons With Disabilities Amidst The Covid-19, James Keith C. Heffron
Center for Business Research and Development
The Persons with Disabilities (PWD) sector was one of the most overlooked and affected sectors during the COVID-19 pandemic. As consumers, PWDs have suffered difficult challenges in the access of essential goods and services, including healthcare, and these challenges have been unduly aggravated because of the crisis. The article exposes and examines the negative impact of the crisis on the consumer rights and behavior of PWDs with a special focus on the novel barriers brought about by the pandemic on their right to access. The current pre-pandemic legislation is not adequate to protect PWDs from these novel barriers as there …
Resurgence Of Bundling Mechanisms In Digital Services Trade, Tereso S. Tullao, Vicenzo Della Croce Br.
Resurgence Of Bundling Mechanisms In Digital Services Trade, Tereso S. Tullao, Vicenzo Della Croce Br.
Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)
The expansion of trade through centuries was pushed through a great extent by the unbundling of commodities from various factors that prevent them from being traded globally. The use of the steam engine in shipping, for example, ushered in the rapid expansion of 19th-century trade as transport cost was drastically reduced and countries realized interspatial cost differences across the Atlantic. The previous untradability of services, on the other hand, was broken by various dimensions of globalization that separated the simultaneous production and consumption of services. This unbundling rapidly boosted global trade in recent decades. However, growing developments and innovations in …
How Did The Youth’S Demand For Cigarette Products Respond To The Sin Tax Reform Act Of 2012?, Francis Ignatius L. Nieva
How Did The Youth’S Demand For Cigarette Products Respond To The Sin Tax Reform Act Of 2012?, Francis Ignatius L. Nieva
Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)
The excise tax on tobacco products in the Philippines has been historically low making the product very accessible even for the youth. In 2012, a Sin Tax Reform Law was passed which increased the excise tax on tobacco products by almost five times its previous value. This price increase is projected to reduce alchohol and tobacco products consumption for all demographic classifications, especially the youth. This study estimated the price elasticity of cigarette demand of the Filipino youth using regression analyses on the pooled Global Youth Tobacco Survey conducted in the Philippines for the years 2004 and 2015. Price elasticity …
Will Create Resolve The Philippines’ Unemployment Woes Amidst The Covid-19 Pandemic?, Krista Danielle Yu, Marites Tiongco
Will Create Resolve The Philippines’ Unemployment Woes Amidst The Covid-19 Pandemic?, Krista Danielle Yu, Marites Tiongco
Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a proposal to amend the Corporate Income Tax and Incentives Reform Act (CITIRA) into the Corporate Recovery and Tax Incentives for Enterprises Act (CREATE) Act. The proposed amendments are as follows: (a) An immediate five percentage point cut into the corporate income tax (CIT) rate starting July 2020; (b) Maintaining for up to nine years the status quo for registered business activities enjoying the 5% tax on gross income earned (GIE) incentive; and (c) More flexibility for the President to grant a combination of fiscal and non-fiscal incentives, which will be critical …
Assessing The Potential Impacts Of Reducing Philippine Corporate Income Tax And Reforming Sectoral Incentives On Poverty And Employment, Caesar Cororaton, Marites Tiongco
Assessing The Potential Impacts Of Reducing Philippine Corporate Income Tax And Reforming Sectoral Incentives On Poverty And Employment, Caesar Cororaton, Marites Tiongco
Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)
The Philippines needs to re-align its corporate income tax rates to its neighboring ASEAN countries to be competitive. Thus, the reduction in the corporate income tax rate, which is 30% at present to 20% in 2029 under the tax reform, is critical. However, because corporate income tax is a major source of government revenue, corporate incentives have to be reduced as well to finance/compensate for the reduction in the corporate tax. Also, to realize the full economic benefit of the reform, the government has to ensure that the resulting higher corporate income is reinvested back to the economy.
Defying The Tone At The Top: An Analysis On The Effects Of Board Characteristics On The Level Of Tax Avoidance Across Philippine Publicly Listed Firms, John Ryan G. Ledesma, Chester T. Herrera, Sharlene Camille A. Li, Angelo A. Unite, Ailyn A. Shi, Michael J. Sullivan
Defying The Tone At The Top: An Analysis On The Effects Of Board Characteristics On The Level Of Tax Avoidance Across Philippine Publicly Listed Firms, John Ryan G. Ledesma, Chester T. Herrera, Sharlene Camille A. Li, Angelo A. Unite, Ailyn A. Shi, Michael J. Sullivan
Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)
Over the years, the growing culture of tax avoidance among multinational companies around the world has shed light on the importance of improving corporate governance mechanisms. In the Philippines, poor tax collection due to tax leakages has contributed to chronic fiscal deficits in the country. The literature argues that good corporate governance mechanisms (e.g., the structure of the board of directors) play a significant role in ensuring that the management acts in the best interest of the firm and shareholders, thus eventually helping to mitigate the incidences of corporate tax avoidance. Specifically, agency theory argues that the presence of more …
Assessing The Impact Of The Philippine Sin Tax Reform Law On The Demand For Cigarettes, Myrna S. Austria, Jesson A. Pagaduan
Assessing The Impact Of The Philippine Sin Tax Reform Law On The Demand For Cigarettes, Myrna S. Austria, Jesson A. Pagaduan
Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)
One of the significant legislations during the Aquino Administration was Republic Act 10351, otherwise known as the Sin Tax Reform Act of 2012. Considered a landmark legislation, the law addressed the long-standing structural weaknesses of the country’s tobacco tax system. It considerably increased the specific excise tax on tobacco and tobacco products, simplified the tax structure, removed the price classification freeze and indexed the tax rates to address inflation. Prior to the reform, tobacco taxation in the country followed a complex four-tiered tax system using a tax base freeze at 1996 price levels. And since the excise tax was not …
Limits, Transparency, And Board Independence Against Tax Avoidance, Francis R. Concepcion, Cheri Mae R. Laguinday, Trisha Amber T. Ong Hianghuy
Limits, Transparency, And Board Independence Against Tax Avoidance, Francis R. Concepcion, Cheri Mae R. Laguinday, Trisha Amber T. Ong Hianghuy
Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)
Taxes are levied by the government primarily for public service purposes (De Leon & De Leon, 2016).However, the high tax rates and narrow tax base imposed in the Philippines become burdensome for taxpayers and also decrease total government revenue collections (Diokno, 2008). It is shown in this study that foreign ownership and customer concentration both increase the levels of corporate tax avoidance practiced by firms while board independence decreases the same. Hence, we do not support the government’s plan to ease foreign ownership restrictions through the amendment of the Constitution (Romualdez, 2017) because easing the current restrictions may entail decreased …
Industry Career Guide Ownership Dwellings And Real Estate, Ma. Concepcion G. Latoja, Denise Serrano
Industry Career Guide Ownership Dwellings And Real Estate, Ma. Concepcion G. Latoja, Denise Serrano
Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)
This industry career guide on Ownership Dwelling and Real Estate (ODRE) aims to inform readers of the range of career options that are open to those who want to work in the industry. By presenting an array of occupations typically found in this field, the reader is informed of the basic requirements to land a specific job in this industry, the associated job environment and possibilities for job movement either in terms of promotion and/or moving laterally from one type of job to another within the industry. In the context of discussing job prospects, it lays out the issues surrounding …
Boon Or Bane: Business And The Anti-Cybercrime Law, Atty. James Keith C. Heffron
Boon Or Bane: Business And The Anti-Cybercrime Law, Atty. James Keith C. Heffron
Center for Business Research and Development
“The Internet is the first thing that humanity has built that humanity doesn't understand, the largest experiment in anarchy that we have ever had.” – Eric Schmidt, Executive Chairman, Google.
Stop, Look, And Listen! The Legality Of Standard Form Contracts, Atty. Edward Chico
Stop, Look, And Listen! The Legality Of Standard Form Contracts, Atty. Edward Chico
Center for Business Research and Development
The proliferation of standard form contracts in today’s market calls for a law that would regulate and in some cases prohibit outright unfair contract terms, which deleteriously affect the buying public.