Law Commons^™

Paying Paul And Robbing No One: An Eminent Domain Solution For Underwater Mortgage Debt, Robert C. Hockett

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

In the view of many analysts, the best way to assist “underwater” homeowners — those who owe more on their mortgages than their houses are worth — is to reduce the principal on their home loans. Yet in the case of privately securitized mortgages, such write-downs are almost impossible to carry out, since loan modifications on the scale necessitated by the housing market crash would require collective action by a multitude of geographically dispersed security holders. The solution, this study suggests, is for state and municipal governments to use their eminent domain powers to buy up and restructure underwater mortgages, …

Were "It" To Happen: Contract Continuity Under Euro Regime Change, Robert C. Hockett

Cornell Law Faculty Working Papers

One way or another, the European Monetary Union (EMU) is apt to endure. The prospect of continuation under the precise contours of the regime as we presently find it, however, is anything but certain. Hence many investors and other actual or prospective contract parties are likely to remain skittish until matters grow clearer. This skittishness, importantly, can itself hamper the prospect of expeditious European recovery. Addressing particular sources of ongoing uncertainty about EMU prospects can itself therefore aid in the project of recovery.

This Essay accordingly aims to impose structure upon one particular, and indeed particularly complex, source of uncertainty …

Unjust Enrichment And Creditors, Emily Sherwin

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

The constructive trust remedy plays an important role in bankruptcy because it places restitution claimants in a position of priority over creditors. According to traditional rules governing constructive trusts, restitution claimants who can identify particular assets in the debtor's hands as products of an unjust enrichment recover in full, to the exclusion of other unsecured creditors. The draft Restatement (Third) of Restitution and Unjust Enrichment endorses this outcome with only minor qualifications.

The supposed basis for a constructive trust is unjust enrichment: courts grant the remedy to prevent the defendant from profiting at the claimant's expense. In bankruptcy, the parties …

Deciding On An Efficient Involuntary Bankruptcy Filing Petition Rule, Sergio A. Muro

Cornell Law School J.D. Student Research Papers

Bankruptcy law deals with last recourse solutions to extreme financial and balance-sheet problems. Both debtor and his creditors will have incentives to begin an insolvency case balanced with other reasons that will encourage them not to begin it. Consequently legal systems usually tend to concentrate on rules that will spur either group to bring the bankruptcy proceeding when it is adequate. As a result some countries have creditors bringing most of the proceedings (as is the case of the United Kingdom) and others have debtors as the prime figures.

This paper focuses on the creditor side of the equation and …

On The Design Of Efficient Priority Rules For Secured Creditors: Empirical Evidence From A Change In Law, Clas Bergström, Theodore Eisenberg, Stefan Sundgren

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

This article assesses the effect of a reduction in secured creditor priority on distributions and administrative costs in liquidating bankruptcy cases by reporting the first empirical study of the effect of a priority change. Priority reform had redistributive effects in liquidating bankruptcy. As expected, average payments to general unsecured creditors were significantly higher after the reform than before the reform and payments to secured creditors decreased. Reform did not increase the size of the pie to be distributed in bankruptcy. Nor did it increase the direct costs of bankruptcy.

The Boiling Pot Of Lawyer Conflicts In Bankruptcy, Charles W. Wolfram

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

I take up here only two modest pieces of the current puzzle of lawyer conflicts of interest in bankruptcy practice. One involves the decision of the American Law Institute (hereinafter "ALI") to sidestep the entire field in the course of drafting its Restatement of the Law Governing Lawyers (hereinafter "Restatement"). The other involves the decision of the National Bankruptcy Review Commission (hereinafter "NBRC") to refuse to recommend that Congress do anything at all major to disturb existing law in the same realm. Either the law of lawyer conflicts in bankruptcy has been blessed in its present state by two prestigious …

Is Chapter 11 Too Favorable To Debtors? Evidence From Abroad, Theodore Eisenberg, Stefan Sundgren

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Chapter 11 is widely believed to be among the industrialized world's most debtor-oriented reorganization laws. Critics assert that Chapter 11 is too easily available and that it allows debtors too much control by, inter alia, not requiring appointment of a trustee. One criticism of Chapter 11, low returns to unsecured creditors, resonates with an important theme of this Symposium, the Bebchuk-Fried proposal to reduce secured creditor priority in insolvency proceedings. The Chapter 11 criticisms and the Bebchuk-Fried proposal raise the question whether less easy access to Chapter 11, reduced debtor control, diminished secured creditor priority, or other changes could reduce …

Differing Perceptions Of Attorney Fees In Bankruptcy Cases, Theodore Eisenberg

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

The Value Of Obvious Empirical Results And The Omniscient Mr. Palans: Response To Mr. Palans' Comments, Theodore Eisenberg

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Mr. Palans' comment raises one worthwhile question. Most of the rest of his rant is either off the subject or too shallow to warrant extended discussion. The useful question Mr. Palans raises is whether this research is of value. The article did not defend this mode of work; perhaps I am too immersed in it to always keep in mind the merits of discussing the question. So let me spell out its benefits here.

Should We Abolish Chapter 11? The Evidence From Japan, Theodore Eisenberg, Shoichi Tagashira

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Optimizing reorganization proceedings for small and midsized businesses is an important issue in every industrial country. But little information exists about the actual operation of such proceedings. Recent U.S. bankruptcy studies focus either on consumer bankruptcies or on large Chapter 11 cases involving publicly listed firms. This article presents the results of a comprehensive empirical study of Japan's most frequently used business bankruptcy reorganization provision. Small and midsized reorganizations have become important for several reasons. First, unlike large firms, the vast majority of small businesses fail to obtain confirmation of a Chapter 11 plan and end up in liquidation, thus …

Baseline Problems In Assessing Chapter 11, Theodore Eisenberg

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Dealing with failing businesses is like dealing with failing marriages. It is messy. The bigger the business the messier the process is likely to be. Many big business failures in the United States go through their death throes or cure their ills in reorganizations under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Act. As the vehicle in which big business messes travel, Chapter 11 is viewed as unnecessarily complex, time-consuming, and costly. The justification for Chapter 11's very existence has been challenged.

This article suggests that we are blaming the vehicle for the mess that it carries. Much of what is problematic …

Contract Excuse And Bankruptcy Discharge, Robert A. Hillman

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Commentary On “On The Nature Of Bankruptcy”: Bankruptcy And Bargaining, Theodore Eisenberg

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

At a conference on bargaining, it should not be surprising that there is more than one perspective on the relationship between bankruptcy and bargaining. Dean Jackson and Professor Scott's article emphasizes a hypothetical bargain to be struck by idealized participants in a firm. It explores the relationship between bankruptcy and that bargain. By imagining what that bargain would look like, Jackson and Scott construct new justifications for bankruptcy law's distributional rules. Such a theory, however, is subject to reservations about the depth of insight that can be gained from examination of purely theoretical bargains. Stripped of real-world characteristics, hypothetical bargains …

Constructive Trusts In Bankruptcy, Emily Sherwin

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Creditors' Rights Against Participants In A Leveraged Buyout, Emily Sherwin

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Corporate Behavior And The Social Efficiency Of Tort Law, John A. Siliciano

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Bankruptcy In The Administrative State, Theodore Eisenberg

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

The Undersecured Creditor In Reorganizations And The Nature Of Security, Theodore Eisenberg

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Bankruptcy Law In Perspective: A Rejoinder, Theodore Eisenberg

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Professor Harris challenges my argument that bankruptcy reform takes place in an environment too isolated from the rest of the legal world. He also challenges each of the three illustrations I offered to support my thesis. Discussion of his views on the environment in which reform occurs is best deferred until after discussion of his analysis of my three illustrations.

Bankruptcy Law In Perspective, Theodore Eisenberg

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

The new bankruptcy act is a failure. Its shortcomings show that we need to change the way we think about bankruptcy law. The problem is not so much with the new bankruptcy act's treatment of any specific issue, though larger problems manifest themselves through questionable specific provisions. Rather, the problem is the way in which bankruptcy law is perceived as an area separate from the rest of the legal world. In many respects the new bankruptcy act inadequately reflects bankruptcy law's existence as part of a legal structure that includes many other federal laws, a Constitution, and detailed treatment of …

Property, E. F. Roberts

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

In the past, property exemplified law as an ordered set of rules, each axiom fitting nicely into an almost immovable intellectual mosaic of immense size. This obsolete rule grid still serves a purpose. It has been pressed into service as a vehicle to test aspirants for admission to the bar, now that even the bar examiners in this Republic have succumbed to using multiple choice questions susceptible to machine scoring. The irony is that this bar examination law does not mirror the real law, the common-law model having been destroyed by the entropy that typifies this fragile society. Order has …

Statutory Liens And The Bankruptcy Act: U.C.C. § 2-702 And Section 67(C), Robert A. Green

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Liens And Equity Rules In A Creditor's Application For A Receiver In Texas, Lee A. Chagra, Charles W. Wolfram

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.