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Articles 1 - 30 of 83
Full-Text Articles in Law
Defective Construction Cgl Coverage: The Subcontractor Exception, Christian H. Robertson Ii
Defective Construction Cgl Coverage: The Subcontractor Exception, Christian H. Robertson Ii
Michigan Business & Entrepreneurial Law Review
In the construction industry, commercial general liability (CGL) insur-ance is the standard policy for managing property damage risks. Histori-cally, CGL policies do not cover an insured’s own defective construction because the insured controls its own work and can reasonably foresee the damage that may result from defective work. But what about the defective work of an insured’s subcontractor? Practical considerations limit an in-sured’s effective control of every aspect of a subcontractor’s work, and this limitation complicates the insured’s ability to foresee future risks. In 1986, the increasing involvement of subcontractors led general contractors to in-sist upon protection from subcontractor work …
Making A Buck While Making A Difference, Alphonse A. Gerhardstein
Making A Buck While Making A Difference, Alphonse A. Gerhardstein
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
It is not right for children to die before their parents. It is not right for peaceful, unarmed citizens to die at the hands of the police. In my civil rights practice, I have met many mothers, fathers, and family members who are struggling to recover after a law enforcement officer caused the death of their loved one. Sure, they want fair compensation. But money does little to reduce their loss or make the grief more bearable. They often want to do something that will ensure that their loved one did not die in vain. They want to prevent other …
The Sun Doesn't Always Shine In Ohio: Reevaluating Renewable Portfolio Standards In Light Of Changed Conditions, Jeffrey M. Smith
The Sun Doesn't Always Shine In Ohio: Reevaluating Renewable Portfolio Standards In Light Of Changed Conditions, Jeffrey M. Smith
Michigan Journal of Environmental & Administrative Law
In 2014, with the signing of Senate Bill 310 (S.B. 310), Ohio became the first state to put a temporary “freeze” on its renewable portfolio standard (RPS) and energy efficiency mandates. The law has generated nationwide attention and been criticized as a step back in the state’s clean energy policy. This Note examines the central justifications for the passage of S.B. 310, challenging conventional wisdom that the law does not serve the interests of Ohio citizens. After the passage of Ohio’s RPS in 2008, the economic and energy landscape within the state changed dramatically, due in large part to technological …
The New Privacy, Paul M. Schwartz, William M. Treanor
The New Privacy, Paul M. Schwartz, William M. Treanor
Michigan Law Review
In 1964, as the welfare state emerged in full force in the United States, Charles Reich published The New Property, one of the most influential articles ever to appear in a law review. Reich argued that in order to protect individual autonomy in an "age of governmental largess," a new property right in governmental benefits had to be recognized. He called this form of property the "new property." In retrospect, Reich, rather than anticipating trends, was swimming against the tide of history. In the past forty years, formal claims to government benefits have become more tenuous rather than more secure. …
When Success Breeds Attack: The Coming Backlash Against Racial Profiling Studies, David A. Harris
When Success Breeds Attack: The Coming Backlash Against Racial Profiling Studies, David A. Harris
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
The author proposes that in an ongoing debate on questions concerning the possibility of racial or other types of invidious discrimination by public institutions, we should apply a prima facie standard to these claims in the public arena. In other words, if African Americans or Latinos say that they have been the victims of racial profiling, we should not ask for conclusive proof in the strictest statistical sense; rather, if they can present some credible evidence beyond anecdotes, some statistics that indicate that we may, indeed, have a problem, the burden should then shift to the public institution-here, law enforcement …
Jury Trials In The Heartland, Stephen E. Chappelear
Jury Trials In The Heartland, Stephen E. Chappelear
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
In this Article, Stephen Chappelear draws on his study of civil jury trials in the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas in Columbus, Ohio. He concludes that trial by jury results in justice. Despite the popular belief that juries are modern day Robin Hoods, empirical data suggests that their verdicts are lower than commonly believed.
Public Employees' Right To Strike: Law And Experience, Martin H. Malin
Public Employees' Right To Strike: Law And Experience, Martin H. Malin
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This Article analyzes the law of and experience with the statutory right to strike in the public sector. Part I examines the policy debate over whether public employees should have a right to strike and concludes that reliance on the right to strike is superior to other forms of collective-bargaining dispute resolution in the public sector. The remainder of the Article focuses in detail on the experiences in Illinois and Ohio since those states legalized public employee strikes. The analysis is supplemented with an examination of the experiences with legalized strikes in Oregon and Pennsylvania. Part II compares and contrasts …
Inheritance Taxation - Selected Provisions Of Michigan, Illinois And Ohio - A Study In Application And Justification, Edward B. Stulberg S.Ed.
Inheritance Taxation - Selected Provisions Of Michigan, Illinois And Ohio - A Study In Application And Justification, Edward B. Stulberg S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
This comment will explore the existing variations in four commonly encountered areas: joint interests with rights of survivorship, contingent remainder interests, powers of appointment, and life insurance proceeds. Emphasis will also be placed on treatment accorded the surviving spouse and children and the implicit relationship between such treatment and some of the above areas. The essence of this examination will be to inquire whether adoption of an estate tax would be a more suitable vehicle for implementing a local death tax program.
Civil Procedure-Habeas Corpus-Exhaustion Of State Remedies In Rendition Cases, Alfred W. Blumrosen
Civil Procedure-Habeas Corpus-Exhaustion Of State Remedies In Rendition Cases, Alfred W. Blumrosen
Michigan Law Review
Respondent, a convict, was apprehended in Ohio after escaping from an Alabama prison. He attempted to prevent rendition by petitioning the Ohio courts for a writ of habeas corpus, alleging that he had suffered cruel and unusual punishment in the Alabama prison contrary to the Fourteenth Amendment and, if forced to return, would be subject to further brutal treatment. His petition was denied at all levels in the Ohio courts and the United States Supreme Court denied certiorari. A similar petition was then denied by the Federal District Court in Ohio, but the court of appeals reversed without opinion and …
Labor Law-Class Action By Labor Union Members To Enforce Collective Bargaining Agreement-Jurisdiction Of State Courts, John Houck S.Ed.
Labor Law-Class Action By Labor Union Members To Enforce Collective Bargaining Agreement-Jurisdiction Of State Courts, John Houck S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff was an employee of defendant corporation, and an officer of the union accredited as bargaining agent. He brought an equity suit in the Ohio courts for specific enforcement of a collective bargaining agreement and to collect back wages, on behalf of himself and other union members similarly situated. The basis of the suit was section 11257 of the Ohio General Code, providing for class actions. The lower court dismissed the petition on the grounds of no jurisdiction under that section. On appeal, held, reversed. Although the defendant corporation's activities in interstate commerce subject it to federal labor legislation, …
Constitutional Law-Commerce Clause-State Taxation Of Vessels Engaged In Interstate Commerce, David W. Rawlinson S.Ed.
Constitutional Law-Commerce Clause-State Taxation Of Vessels Engaged In Interstate Commerce, David W. Rawlinson S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
The Standard Oil Company, an Ohio corporation, owned boats and barges which it employed in transporting oil on the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers. These vessels were registered in Ohio but stopped in Ohio only occasionally for fuel or repairs. The maximum distance traversed by these vessels on waters bordering Ohio was 17½ miles. An ad valorem personal property tax levied by the Tax Commissioner of Ohio on all these vessels was upheld by the Supreme Court of Ohio. On appeal, held, reversed, Justices Black and Minton dissenting. Since these vessels are subject to the property taxes of other states …
Apportionment Of The Federal State Tax In The Absence Of Statute Or An Expression Of Intention, William P. Sutter
Apportionment Of The Federal State Tax In The Absence Of Statute Or An Expression Of Intention, William P. Sutter
Michigan Law Review
Federal law now provides in sections 826 (c) and (d) of the Internal Revenue Code that life insurance and property transferred by appointment shall bear their proportionate tax burden. It does not contain similar provisions with respect to other types of non-probate property. At the present time, twenty states provide by statute for some sort of apportionment of estate taxes. Two states have statutes restricting apportionment in some degree. In the rest, the matter rests in the discretion of the courts. I propose to discuss in this article the situation in those areas where no statutory guidance exists.
Constitutional Law-Civil Procedure-Due Process Requirements For State Jurisdiction Over Foreign Corporations, Richard D. Rohr
Constitutional Law-Civil Procedure-Due Process Requirements For State Jurisdiction Over Foreign Corporations, Richard D. Rohr
Michigan Law Review
The plaintiff, a nonresident of Ohio, brought an action in Ohio against the defendant, a sociedad anonima organized under the laws of the Philippine Islands, on claims which neither arose in Ohio nor were connected with the defendant's activities in Ohio. Defendant's president, who was also its general manager and principal stockholder, had returned to his home in Ohio when the company's mining operations were suspended by the Japanese occupation of the Philippines. During the war years, he conducted such business as was possible in Ohio, holding directors' meetings, carrying on correspondence, maintaining bank accounts, but the defendant did not …
Constitutional Law-Commerce Clause-Freedom Of Press-Amenability Of Newspaper To Sherman Anti-Trust Act, William K. Davenport
Constitutional Law-Commerce Clause-Freedom Of Press-Amenability Of Newspaper To Sherman Anti-Trust Act, William K. Davenport
Michigan Law Review
Until a competing radio station appeared on the scene in 1948, defendant newspaper was the only medium for mass advertising available in the Lorain, Ohio area. In an effort to regain its monopoly position and eliminate the radio station as a competitor, defendant inaugurated a policy of refusing to accept custom from advertisers who employed the services of its rival. Both the newspaper and the radio station received news dispatches, advertising copy, payments, and other materials from sources outside Ohio, but neither had any appreciable audience beyond the borders of the state. In a civil action brought by the United …
Fiduciary Administration-Executors And Administrators-Death Of Widow As Affecting Amount Of Her Allowance, Warren K. Urbom
Fiduciary Administration-Executors And Administrators-Death Of Widow As Affecting Amount Of Her Allowance, Warren K. Urbom
Michigan Law Review
A widow survived her husband by three months and thirteen days. Subsequent to the death of both, appraisers of the husband's estate set off to his widow $750 as her year's allowance. Executrix of the widow's estate filed an exception to the allowance and made application to increase the amount on the ground that the sum given would have been insufficient if the widow had lived the full year. Granting the application, the probate court found that a reasonable allowance based on twelve months would be $5000, The court of appeals reversed, holding that the allowance should be based on …
Agency-Imputation Of Agent's Knowledge To Principal-Insurance Contracts, Robert B. Krueger S.Ed.
Agency-Imputation Of Agent's Knowledge To Principal-Insurance Contracts, Robert B. Krueger S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Defendant insurance company's soliciting agent falsified applicant's warranted answers to material questions in an application for automobile casualty insurance. The applicant signed, not knowing of the nature of the answers. On the basis of these answers, defendant issued a casualty policy on applicant's automobile, containing a clause prohibiting waiver or estoppel as to any of the terms of the contract because of the agent's knowledge. As a result of a subsequent accident, plaintiffs recovered judgments against applicant which applicant failed to satisfy. In an action by plaintiffs against defendant, on supplemental petition, defendant admitted recovery against applicant, but claimed no …
Conflict Of Laws-Full Faith And Credit-Custody Decrees, James I. Huston
Conflict Of Laws-Full Faith And Credit-Custody Decrees, James I. Huston
Michigan Law Review
Husband and wife, living in Ohio, were separated in 1945, the only child going to live with the paternal great-grandfather in Pennsylvania. Husband and wife were divorced in Ohio in April 1949. Custody of the child was awarded the wife, but because of the wife's defective vision the child was to remain temporarily with the great-grandfather; it was further provided that the custody question could be relitigated after eighteen months. On October 26, 1949, the wife got a further Ohio decree awarding her sole custody. The great-grandfather refused to surrender the child, and wife filed a petition for habeas corpus …
Wills-Assertion Of Rights Under Mortmain Statute As Violation Of No-Contest Clause, William K. Davenport
Wills-Assertion Of Rights Under Mortmain Statute As Violation Of No-Contest Clause, William K. Davenport
Michigan Law Review
An action was brought by an executor for construction of a will, made five months before testator's death, which attempted to make bequests to various charities. The bequests were "invalid" under the terms of the Ohio mortmain statute because the will was executed less than a year before death. A no-contest clause in the will declared that any person attacking it in any way would be barred from any beneficial interest, but there was no gift over in the event of such a contest. The charitable gifts were in the residuary clause, and there was no substitutionary gift in the …
Conflict Of Laws-Enforcement Of Foreign Claims For Taxes And Workmen's Compensation Premiums, C. J. Rice S. Ed.
Conflict Of Laws-Enforcement Of Foreign Claims For Taxes And Workmen's Compensation Premiums, C. J. Rice S. Ed.
Michigan Law Review
By reason of work done in Ohio, defendant-employer came within the provisions of that state's compulsory workmen's compensation law. The State of Ohio sought to collect insurance premiums due the state fund by an action brought in a Kentucky court. Defendant demurred on the ground that the claim was in the nature of one for taxes, and hence unenforceable extraterritorially. On appeal from an order sustaining the demurrer, held, reversed. Regardless of whether or not the claim for premiums can be classified as one for taxes, Kentucky courts may act as forums for the collection of foreign tax claims. …
Taxation-The Lincoln Electric Question: Must "Ordinary And Necessary" Business Expenses Be Also "Reasonable" In Amount, R. Lawrence Storms S. Ed.
Taxation-The Lincoln Electric Question: Must "Ordinary And Necessary" Business Expenses Be Also "Reasonable" In Amount, R. Lawrence Storms S. Ed.
Michigan Law Review
The United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit has recently determined in Commissioner v. Lincoln Electric Co. that the element of reasonableness is inherent in the phrase "ordinary and necessary" as used in the paragraph of the Internal Revenue Code authorizing deductions for business expenses. It will be of interest to develop the history of the case throughout its ten years of litigation, to examine some of the collateral points raised, and to attempt a critique of the merits of the court's position.
Federal Courts-Civil Procedure-Availability To Plaintiff Of Change Of Venue Under Title 28 U.S.C.A. 1404(A), Richard B. Gushée S.Ed.
Federal Courts-Civil Procedure-Availability To Plaintiff Of Change Of Venue Under Title 28 U.S.C.A. 1404(A), Richard B. Gushée S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
The plaintiffs filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio in order to obtain service on the defendant. The plaintiff then filed a motion for an order to transfer the cause to the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania under Title 28 U.S.C.A. 1404(a) on the grounds that all the plaintiffs and witnesses resided in Pennsylvania, that it would be inconvenient and expensive to transport these witnesses to Ohio, and that the cause of action arose in Pennsylvania. Held, motion denied. Title 28 U.S.C.A. 1404(a) is not available …
Corporations-Appraisal Statutes-Demand By Dissenting Shareholder For Cash Value Of His Shares, William J. Schrenk
Corporations-Appraisal Statutes-Demand By Dissenting Shareholder For Cash Value Of His Shares, William J. Schrenk
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff shareholder, who dissented from a plan to sell all of defendant corporation's assets, sued under the Ohio statute to obtain appraisal of his shares. At plaintiff's request, an objection to the sale and a demand for the cash value of his shares was served upon defendant by his, attorney. Although the demand was made within the required period after the shareholders' meeting at which the plan was accepted, the trial court refused to allow appraisal on the ground that plaintiff did not make the demand personally and had not notified the corporation that his attorney was authorized to act …
Conflict Of Laws-Constitutional Law-Full Faith And Credit-Fraternal Benefit Society's Constitution Controlling Over Statute Of Limitations Of Forum State, Bruce L. Moore S.Ed.
Conflict Of Laws-Constitutional Law-Full Faith And Credit-Fraternal Benefit Society's Constitution Controlling Over Statute Of Limitations Of Forum State, Bruce L. Moore S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
In an action against an Ohio fraternal benefit society to recover insurance benefits resulting from the death of an insured member, the defense was that the constitution of the society prohibited the bringing of an action on such a claim more than six months after disallowance of the claim. This provision was valid under the statutes and court decisions of Ohio. The statute of limitations of the state of the forum, South Dakota, was six years on contract actions. Another statute of South Dakota declared void every stipulation in a contract limiting the time within which a party may enforce …
Conflict Of Laws-Limitation Of Actions-Determination Of Place Of Accrual Of Action To Enforce Liability Of Stockholders In Insolvent National Banks, Edwin F. Uhl S.Ed.
Conflict Of Laws-Limitation Of Actions-Determination Of Place Of Accrual Of Action To Enforce Liability Of Stockholders In Insolvent National Banks, Edwin F. Uhl S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Suits in equity were brought in the federal district courts of Ohio and Pennsylvania against resident shareholders of Banco Kentucky Company, a bank-stock holding corporation. The purpose of the litigation was to enforce an assessment under the National Bank Act on the shares of an insolvent national bank which Banco owned. Ohio and Pennsylvania have six year statutes of limitations on such an action. They also have borrowing statutes, barring suit on a cause of action no longer enforceable in the jurisdiction in which it arose. The bank had been authorized to conduct its activities in Louisville, Kentucky, had engaged …
Federal Procedure-Impleader Under Rule I4-Lack Of Diversity Of Citizenship Between Original Plaintiff And Third-Party Defendant, Frank E. Roegge S.Ed.
Federal Procedure-Impleader Under Rule I4-Lack Of Diversity Of Citizenship Between Original Plaintiff And Third-Party Defendant, Frank E. Roegge S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, a citizen of Connecticut sued defendant, a citizen of Ohio, for injuries received when the car in which plaintiff was a passenger collided with a truck driven by defendant. Defendant removed the case from a Connecticut state court to a federal district court and then obtained an order citing plaintiff's husband, a citizen of Connecticut and the driver of the car in which plaintiff was riding, as a third-party defendant under Rule 14 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Defendant had no claim against the third party by Connecticut substantive law which does not recognize contribution between tort-feasors. …
Wills--Adopted Child As "Issue" Within Meaning Of Anti-Lapse Statute, George A. Rinker
Wills--Adopted Child As "Issue" Within Meaning Of Anti-Lapse Statute, George A. Rinker
Michigan Law Review
Testatrix, by her will, left the residue of her estate to her two sisters, their heirs and assigns forever. Appellee, an adopted daughter of one sister who predeceased testatrix, claimed one half of the residue by substitution under the Ohio anti-lapse statute. Held, an adopted child is "issue" within the meaning of the anti-lapse statute, which in terms provides that issue of a predeceased devisee will take. Appellee takes by substitution for her adoptive mother. Flynn v. Bredbeck, (Ohio 1946) 68 N.K (2d) 75.
Municipal Corporations-Collective Bargaining Contracts-Implied Power To Bargain With A Labor Union, Joseph R. Brookshire S.Ed.
Municipal Corporations-Collective Bargaining Contracts-Implied Power To Bargain With A Labor Union, Joseph R. Brookshire S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Under the Ohio Constitution the City of Cleveland had the power to own and operate a street railway system. The city charter authorized the Transit Board to supervise, manage and control the transit system. The authorization included the power to establish wages and working conditions in accordance with the provisions of the charter. An action for a declaratory judgment was brought in order to determine whether the board had the power to contract with a union as the exclusive bargaining agent of the transit system employees, or the power to contract with a union for arbitration of disputes, and finally, …
Attorney And Client - Malpractice - Accrual Of Action - Statute Of Limitations
Attorney And Client - Malpractice - Accrual Of Action - Statute Of Limitations
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, in March, 1934, while in the employ of a manufacturing concern, suffered severe injuries. In September, 1935, he employed the defendant, an attorney, to present and prosecute a claim for compensation. The claim was filed in March, 1937; it was dismissed by the Industrial Commission on the ground that it was barred by the two-year statute of limitations governing such claims. Apparently the attorney, continuing his efforts on behalf of his client, persuaded the employer to make a voluntary settlement, for the plaintiff alleges that, in May of 1940, he endorsed the employer's check over to the attorney, accepted …
Federal Courts - What Is An Equitable Claim To Real Property Within The Meaning Of Section 57 Of The Judicial Code?, Charles J. O'Laughlin
Federal Courts - What Is An Equitable Claim To Real Property Within The Meaning Of Section 57 Of The Judicial Code?, Charles J. O'Laughlin
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, an Ohio corporation, was the lessee of land in Kentucky. It entered into a contract with defendant lessor, a resident of the District of Columbia, to renew the lease. Defendant failed to carry out his agreement, and plaintiff" sued for specific performance of the contract to lease in the United States District Court for Eastern Kentucky, jurisdiction being based on diversity of citizenship. Plaintiff was unable to obtain personal service upon defendant, but obtained service by publication under section 57 of the Judicial Code, which authorizes the court to take jurisdiction and to allow service by publication in "any …
Libel And Slander - Extension Of The Doctrine Of Absolute Privilege To Inferior Executive And Administrative Officials, Michigan Law Review
Libel And Slander - Extension Of The Doctrine Of Absolute Privilege To Inferior Executive And Administrative Officials, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
In accordance with the Ohio Constitution, which provides that a copy of proposed amendments shall be distributed to the electorate together with an argument both for and against the proposed amendments, the governor of the state appointed defendant to prepare arguments against certain proposed amendments to the state constitution. The report contained the statement that plaintiff, sponsor of the proposed amendments, was "a paid lobbyist for the single tax movement." Plaintiff brought suit for libel. Held, that since the defendants were members of the commission appointed by the governor acting in the discharge of their official duty, they were …