Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Canada (13)
- Canada. Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (4)
- Rape--Law and legislation (3)
- Canada. Supreme Court (2)
- Corruption--Law and legislation (2)
-
- Criminal intent (2)
- Criminal law (2)
- Law reform (2)
- United States (2)
- United States. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 (2)
- Women--Violence against (2)
- Abused wives--Legal status, laws, etc. (1)
- Bribery--Law and legislation (1)
- Canada. Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act (1)
- Competency to stand trial (1)
- Consent (Law) (1)
- Corruption investigation--International cooperation (1)
- Corruption--Law and legislation--Congresses (1)
- Corruption--Political aspects (1)
- Defense (Criminal procedure) (1)
- Defenses (Criminal procedure) (1)
- Development banks (1)
- Disclosure of information--Law and legislation (1)
- Discrimination in criminal justice administration (1)
- Drunkenness (Crime) (1)
- England (1)
- Equality before the law (1)
- Etc. (1)
- Feminist jurisprudence (1)
- Firearms--Law and legislation (1)
Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Law
Let’S Talk About Sexual Assault: Survivor Stories And The Law In The Jian Ghomeshi Media Discourse, Dana Phillips
Let’S Talk About Sexual Assault: Survivor Stories And The Law In The Jian Ghomeshi Media Discourse, Dana Phillips
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
The recent allegations against former Canadian radio host Jian Ghomeshi catalyzed an exceptional moment of public discourse on sexual assault in Canada. Following public revelations from several women who described being attacked by Ghomeshi, many others came forward with accounts of sexual violence in their own lives. Affirming feminist critiques of sexual assault law reform, many survivors drew on their experiences to expose the criminal justice system’s ongoing flaws in processing sexual assault cases. While some held out hope for the criminal law’s role in addressing sexual violence, most rejected its individualizing and retributive aspects. Instead, survivors emphasized the need …
Unreasonable Disagreement?: Judicial–Executive Exchanges About Charter Reasonableness In The Harper Era, Matthew A. Hennigar
Unreasonable Disagreement?: Judicial–Executive Exchanges About Charter Reasonableness In The Harper Era, Matthew A. Hennigar
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
Assessments of “reasonableness” are central to adjudicating claims under several Charter rights and the section 1 “reasonable limits” clause. By comparing Supreme Court of Canada rulings to facta submitted by the Attorney General of Canada to the Court, this article examines the federal government’s success under Prime Minister Harper at persuading the Supreme Court of Canada that its Charter infringements in the area of criminal justice policy are reasonable, and when they fail to do so, on what grounds. The evidence reveals that the Conservative government adopted a consistently defensive posture in court, never conceding that a law was unreasonable, …
Equality Before The Law? Evaluating Criminal Case Outcomes In Canada, Michael Trebilcock, Albert Yoon
Equality Before The Law? Evaluating Criminal Case Outcomes In Canada, Michael Trebilcock, Albert Yoon
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
One of our most strongly held ideals is that individuals receive equal treatment under the law. Incidents of wrongful conviction or wide disparities in sentencing, however, challenge this premise. While legal scholars have recently examined this premise, our understanding remains largely normative or anecdotal. Scholars have begun to identify factors that influence legal outcomes, yet this question has remained largely unexplored in Canada. This article seeks to advance this inquiry. Using unique data from both the Ontario courts and Legal Aid Ontario during 2007–2013, we find that outcomes in routine criminal cases vary in ways not summarily explained by differences …
Corruption And Development: The Need For International Investigations With A Multijurisdictional Approach Involving Multilateral Development Banks And National Authorities, Juan G. Ronderos, Michelle Ratpan, Andrea Osorio Rincon
Corruption And Development: The Need For International Investigations With A Multijurisdictional Approach Involving Multilateral Development Banks And National Authorities, Juan G. Ronderos, Michelle Ratpan, Andrea Osorio Rincon
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
We argue that while Multilateral Development Banks (“MDBs”) and national governments have mechanisms to fight corruption, the objectives and outcomes of these enforcement mechanisms diverge. MDBs are interested in the causes and effects of corruption from a development perspective and, as such, tend to sanction small and medium enterprises and individuals, while national governments are focused on a more punitive outcome, targeting larger multinational corporations. This article examines the enforcement objectives articulated in national legislation, namely the US Foreign and Corrupt Practices Act and its Canadian counterpart, the Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act, as well as several Canadian cases, …
Systemic Corruption In An Advanced Welfare State: Lessons From The Quebec Charbonneau Inquiry, Denis Saint-Martin
Systemic Corruption In An Advanced Welfare State: Lessons From The Quebec Charbonneau Inquiry, Denis Saint-Martin
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
The Quiet Revolution in the 1960s propelled the province of Quebec onto the path of greater social justice and better government. But as the evidence exposed at the Charbonneau inquiry makes clear, this did not make systemic corruption disappear from the construction sector. Rather, corrupt actors and networks adjusted to new institutions and the incentive structure they provided. The patterns of corruption emerging from the Charbonneau inquiry bear the imprint of the so-called Quebec model inherited from the Quiet Revolution in at least three ways: (1) the economic nationalism that made public policies partial towards French-speaking and Quebec-based businesses, notably …
Banning Bribes Abroad: Us Enforcement Of The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, Ellen Gutterman
Banning Bribes Abroad: Us Enforcement Of The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, Ellen Gutterman
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
The United States has been at the forefront of international efforts to combat corruption in the global economy for almost forty years, chiefly through its Foreign Corrupt Practices Act [FCPA]. Over the past decade, US enforcement of the FCPA has surged in terms of both the number of enforcement actions and the application of increasingly expansive interpretations of jurisdiction through which to enforce the FCPA on an extraterritorial basis. Extraterritorial enforcement of the FCPA has promoted anti-corruption policies and the banning of bribes abroad, but three aspects of FCPA enforcement shape and constrain the broader goals of global anti-corruption governance …
Understanding And Taming Public And Private Corruption In The Twenty-First Century, Ron Atkey, Margaret E. Beare, Cynthia Williams
Understanding And Taming Public And Private Corruption In The Twenty-First Century, Ron Atkey, Margaret E. Beare, Cynthia Williams
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
We are pleased to present these articles that were originally presented at a symposium held at Osgoode Hall Law School on 6–7 November 2014.1 Our objective was to offer a symposium that looked at corruption from diverse perspectives, with a broad national and international focus on business, financial, governmental, private sector, and enforcement corruption. Both the Symposium and the compilation of this special issue of the Journal were unique. They required an interplay between contributions from professionals working on the ground in various countries around the world (such as practitioners working in the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, and …
Intimate Partner Criminal Harassment Through A Lens Of Responsibilization, Isabel Grant
Intimate Partner Criminal Harassment Through A Lens Of Responsibilization, Isabel Grant
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
Feminist scholars have demonstrated the gendered nature of intimate violence and the tendency to put the responsibility on women to avoid both sexual and physical violence (“responsibilization”). This article applies these insights to the context of intimate partner criminal harassment, which is committed overwhelmingly by men against former female intimate partners. Using criminal harassment decisions over the past decade, this article argues that the elements of the offence—specifically the requirements that the accused cause the complainant to fear for her safety, that this fear be reasonable, and that he intend to harass her—feed into the tendency towards responsibilization. Women are …
Making Matters Worse: The Safe Streets And Communities Act And The Ongoing Crisis Of Indigenous Over-Incarceration, Ryan Newell
Making Matters Worse: The Safe Streets And Communities Act And The Ongoing Crisis Of Indigenous Over-Incarceration, Ryan Newell
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
The Safe Streets and Communities Act (SSCA), a recent and wide-reaching piece of the Conservative Party of Canada’s tough-on-crime agenda, will exacerbate the ongoing crisis of Indigenous over-incarceration. In this article, I review the extensive literature that addresses the causes of Indigenous over-representation in the Canadian criminal justice system before assessing the impact of R v Gladue, nearly fifteen years after the Supreme Court of Canada’s decision. I analyze how the SSCA will restrict courts’ resort to Gladue, thus resulting in the incarceration of increasing numbers of Indigenous people. I then develop one avenue of constitutional challenge to the SSCA’s …
Reconceptualizing Vagrancy And Reconstructing The Vagrant: A Socio-Legal Analysis Of Criminal Law Reform In Canada, 1953-1972, Prashan Ranasinhe
Reconceptualizing Vagrancy And Reconstructing The Vagrant: A Socio-Legal Analysis Of Criminal Law Reform In Canada, 1953-1972, Prashan Ranasinhe
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
This article explores significant reforms to the vagrancy section of the Criminal Code during the mid-to-late twentieth century. By locating the reforms within their unique social, political, and economic climates, I examine how they reconceptualized the offence of vagrancy and concomitantly reconstructed the vagrant as a social problem. The reforms played a seminal role in reducing the number of vagrancy offences, eventually leading to the demise of vagrancy in the criminal law. Yet, while the "vagrant" ceased to exist in the law, the law still continues to preserve vestiges of the vagrant in a highly gendered manner.
Anger And Intent For Murder: The Supreme Court Decisions In R. V. Parent, Joanne Klineberg
Anger And Intent For Murder: The Supreme Court Decisions In R. V. Parent, Joanne Klineberg
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
In R v. Parent, the Supreme Court of Canada recently held that intense anger alone is not, of itself, a defence to murder, although anger does play a role in reducing murder to manslaughter in connection with the defence of provocation. The Court's brief decision ignores twenty years of contrary jurisprudence and fails to provide detailed reasons for its conclusion, resulting in uncertainty about the scope and application of the decision. In this article, the author explores the relationship between anger and intent for murder, and outlines some possible arguments the Court could have relied on that would have provided …
The Ideal Victim, The Hysterical Complainant, And The Disclosure Of Confidential Records: The Implications Of The Charter For Sexual Assault Law, Lise Gotell
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
This article explores the current state of Canadian law on the production and disclosure of complainants' records to reflect upon the implications of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms for Canadian sexual assault law and jurisprudence. Some scholars assert that the Supreme Court's decision in R. v. Mills, upholding section 278 of the Criminal Code governing access to complainants' records, constitutes an erosion of accuseds' rights and an unjustified compromise of constitutional standards. By contrast, this article demonstrates that R. v. Mills is a highly contradictory decision that can be read as creating an interpretation of section 278 that …
Disarming Canadians, And Arming Them With Tolerance: Banning Firearms And Minimum Sentences To Control Violent Crime--An Essay On An Apparent Contradiction, Helene Dumont
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
In an article published in French in 1997, the author offered reflections on feminism and criminal law that would allow for a better control of violent crime, without Parliament having to resort to excessively severe sentences. In this respect, she argued that there was no contradiction in supporting the radical ban of firearms in Canada, while opposing a minimum sentence of four years under the Firearms Act, which currently affects approximately ten serious Criminal Code offences. After setting out her position in favour of the "disarmament" of Canadians, the author argued that minimum sentences of four years were unconstitutional. Such …
Rethinking The Sentencing Regime For Murder, Isabel Grant
Rethinking The Sentencing Regime For Murder, Isabel Grant
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
This article reviews the current sentencing regime for the crime of murder in Canada with a view to identifying its shortcomings and suggesting possibilities for improvement. The article argues that the existing classification of murder into first- and second-degree, and the harsh periods of parole ineligibility attached to a murder conviction should both be abolished. The author argues for a compromise position, which would maintain the important distinction between manslaughter and murder and yet allow sufficient flexibility for trial judges to ensure that sentences for murder, as with other crimes, can be tailored to fit the crime.
Retribution Revisited: A Reconsideration Of Feminist Criminal Law Reform Strategies, Dianne L. Martin
Retribution Revisited: A Reconsideration Of Feminist Criminal Law Reform Strategies, Dianne L. Martin
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
Were the last 30 years of feminist law reform activity around criminal justice misdirected? Or, if not misdirected, have the efforts been appropriated and manipulated by the New Right? This commentary reflects on this history, and on the failures of the retributive justice project generally, and argues for a reexamination of both. The discussion focuses on the tactics of the New Right and on the retributive goals of some victims' rights organizations as a means of highlighting the unintended consequences of key feminist initiatives around violence against women. Finally, the commentary identifies alternatives to retribution and a need for careful …
Spousal Incompetency And The Charter, Hamish Stewart
Spousal Incompetency And The Charter, Hamish Stewart
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
This article considers the effect of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms on the rule of spousal incompetency in criminal proceedings. The rule is arguably under-inclusive, in that it is not available to protect opposite-sex couples who are not legally married or same-sex couples; on the other hand, the rule is arguably offensive to the modem conception of marriage. The Charter arguments for each of these positions are considered, and it is submitted that the Charter requires the rule of spousal incompetency, whatever it is, to apply equally to legally married couples, to cohabitants, and to same-sex couples. A …
Second Chances: Bill C-72 And The Charter, Isabel Grant
Second Chances: Bill C-72 And The Charter, Isabel Grant
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
This paper examines the legislative response to the Supreme Court of Canada's decision in R. v. Daviault. The author argues that Bill C-72, which limits the defence of extreme intoxication, is constitutional because of its strong underpinnings in equality. The author reviews the statistics on violence against women and the role of intoxication in that violence to illustrate why the defence of intoxication raises issues of sex equality. The author argues that a court assessing the constitutionality of Bill C-72 should consider this strong foundation in equality and the fact that the Bill is the result of a careful balancing …
Criminal Fault As Per The Lamer Court And The Ghost Of William Mcintyre, Michael J. Bryant
Criminal Fault As Per The Lamer Court And The Ghost Of William Mcintyre, Michael J. Bryant
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
Contrary to recent criticisms to the effect that the Supreme Court of Canada favours the rights of criminal defendants and shuns the interests of the community, the Lamer Court has in fact championed the moral requisites of the community in its constitutional jurisprudence on criminal fault. By viewing rights and responsibilities as inextricably linked, the Lamer Court implicitly borrows from natural law traditions espoused by the Dickson Court's most conspicuous dissenter on criminal fault issues-Mr. Justice William McIntyre. This article argues that the tradition or philosophy underlying criminal fault as per the Lamer Court contrasts with the individualist, rights-oriented tendency …
Conjugal Homicide And Legal Violence: A Comparative Analysis, Alison Young
Conjugal Homicide And Legal Violence: A Comparative Analysis, Alison Young
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
This article examines the defences in English and Canadian criminal law available to battered women who kill their abusers. The article sets out in detail the formation and evolution of the doctrinal interpretation, in English law, of the defences of provocation, diminished responsibility, and self-defence. Current case law is examined, including the recent cases of Thornton and Ahluwalia. The objective of the essay is to provide a critical context, namely the legal construction of the phenomenon of conjugal violence, in which we can see the current elaboration of these defences. The Canadian position is investigated, by means of a thorough …
Consent And The Criminal Law, Lucinda Vandervort
Consent And The Criminal Law, Lucinda Vandervort
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
The author examines two proposals to expand legal recognition of individual control over physical integrity. Protections for individual autonomy are discussed in relation to the right to die, euthanasia, medical treatment, and consensual and assaultive sexual behaviours. The author argues that at present, the legal doctrine of consent protects only those individual preferences which are seen to be congruent with dominant societal values; social preferences and convenience override all other individual choices. Under these conditions, more freedom to waive rights of physical integrity can only place socially vulnerable persons at great risk of abuse.