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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Law
Trusts And Estates - Relationship By Affinity-Meaning Of The Word "Stepchild" In A Tax Statute, Harold S. Lentz S. Ed.
Trusts And Estates - Relationship By Affinity-Meaning Of The Word "Stepchild" In A Tax Statute, Harold S. Lentz S. Ed.
Michigan Law Review
A widower with two children married Sarah Bordeaux and predeceased her. A child of the marriage died in infancy. The two children were raised by Sarah as if she had been their natural mother. A strong filial relationship developed, and at the death of Sarah in 1949, the bulk of her property passed to the two children by will. The inheritance tax division of the tax commission contended that the relationship by affinity had been terminated and that the children, no longer being "stepchildren," were not entitled to the lower tax rates under Class A of the inheritance tax statute …
Contracts-Rights Of Third Party Beneficiary-Effect Of Michigan Beneficiary Contract Statute, Gordon W. Hueschen S. Ed.
Contracts-Rights Of Third Party Beneficiary-Effect Of Michigan Beneficiary Contract Statute, Gordon W. Hueschen S. Ed.
Michigan Law Review
On agreement to make mutual wills, Stephen and his two sisters entered into an agreement whereby the sisters agreed to will to Stephen, or in event Stephen predeceased them, to his wife, all property which they should receive from their father. Stephen did predecease the sisters, whereupon they executed new wills with no provision for Stephen's widow. Upon death of the last sister, the widow's bill for specific performance of the agreement was dismissed by the circuit court. In affirming on appeal, the Michigan Supreme Court held that the agreement as to Stephen and all other persons except the sisters …
Fiduciary Administration-Fraud In Securing Probate-Constructive Trust Imposed On Devisee, Patrick J. Ledwidge S. Ed.
Fiduciary Administration-Fraud In Securing Probate-Constructive Trust Imposed On Devisee, Patrick J. Ledwidge S. Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff's complaint contained the following allegations: that plaintiff was the daughter and defendant the son of the decedent; that defendant had fraudulently destroyed written acknowledgements of the decedent that plaintiff was his daughter; that defendant had falsely secured the probate of decedent's purported will, in which the plaintiff was in no way mentioned. The complaint sought the recovery of the value of a one-half interest in the estate. The trial court sustained a demurrer to the complaint. On appeal, held, reversed. The complaint stated a cause of action entitling plaintiff to the imposition of a constructive trust on the …
Probate Proceedings-Administration Of Decedents' Estates- The Mullane Case And Due Process Of Law, Nolan W. Carson S.Ed.
Probate Proceedings-Administration Of Decedents' Estates- The Mullane Case And Due Process Of Law, Nolan W. Carson S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
In a recent decision by the United States Supreme Court, a new chapter has been added to the law on the requisites of notice under the due process clause of the Constitution. This case held that publication of notice prior to a judicial settlement of accounts by the corporate trustee of a common trust fund does not afford due process of law to those beneficiaries with present interests whose addresses are known to the trustee. The court refused to classify the action as in rem or in personam but held that whatever its technical definition, the published notice was not …
Testamentary Disposition To The Trustee Of An Inter Vivos Trust, George E. Palmer
Testamentary Disposition To The Trustee Of An Inter Vivos Trust, George E. Palmer
Michigan Law Review
The problem of this paper is narrow but important in connection with testamentary dispositions. A man establishes an inter vivos trust, in writing, and later attempts by will to add to the corpus of the trust without repeating in the will the terms of the trust. In some instances he thereafter amends the trust with the expectation that the property bequeathed to the trustee will be held in accordance with the amended terms. This is a simple and convenient method of disposing of property at death and most people probably would take for granted that the disposition is effective. Yet …
Wills-Construction-Use Of Extrinsic Evidence, John A. Hellstrom S. Ed.
Wills-Construction-Use Of Extrinsic Evidence, John A. Hellstrom S. Ed.
Michigan Law Review
An action for a declaratory judgment was brought by William C. Borah, Jr. against the Lincoln Hospital Association and William H. H. Moore. In July 1912, Robert E. Moore made a will bequeathing $10,000 each to his nieces, Gertrude and Julia Byerly. Gertrude had been married but her husband and only child died in 1908. Julia was married and had a son, the plaintiff. In June 1916, testator visited the nieces and the plaintiff and in December 1916, he added a codicil to his will reducing the bequests to the nieces to life estates with remainder to "the child of …
Trusts-Construction-Whether Devise Of "Any Undisbursed Income" After Life Tenant's Death Includes Income Which Accrued Before Life Tenant's Death, Jean Engstrom S. Ed.
Trusts-Construction-Whether Devise Of "Any Undisbursed Income" After Life Tenant's Death Includes Income Which Accrued Before Life Tenant's Death, Jean Engstrom S. Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Testator's residuary estate was put in trust to pay income, dividends and profits to the testator's wife "so long as she shall live." In the same paragraph the will provided that at her death the "trustee shall stand seized and possessed of said residuary estate including any undisbursed income in trust." In a sub-paragraph the trustee was directed to "pay over the balance of said residuary estate to St. Joseph's Hospital." During her widowhood, testator's wife was in Switzerland where wartime exchange controls precluded payment of income to her under the terms of the trust. Both her administrator and the …
Wills-Construction-Meaning Of Word 'Widow" When Used By Testator, Walter L. Dean S. Ed.
Wills-Construction-Meaning Of Word 'Widow" When Used By Testator, Walter L. Dean S. Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Testatrix set up a testamentary trust which was to continue "until the death of the last survivor of such of my children, grandchildren and any widow of my son, surviving him as shall be living at my decease." Upon the death of any child the trustee was directed to pay to "the husband or widow" of such child a part of the principal or an annuity from the income of the trust. Testatrix' son remarried after her death and on his death the trustee brought this action to determine whether the second wife who was living at testatrix' death, was …
Wills-Construction-Use Of Extrinsic Evidence, John A. Hellstrom S. Ed.
Wills-Construction-Use Of Extrinsic Evidence, John A. Hellstrom S. Ed.
Michigan Law Review
A suit was brought for construction of a will bequeathing a sum of money "To the Home for the Aged located at 2007 N. Capitol Avenue, Indianapolis, Indiana." A home for the aged was conducted at that address by Altenheim of Indianapolis, while Indianapolis Home for the Aged, Inc. was located at 1731 N. Capitol Avenue. The probate court resolved the contest in favor of Altenheim of Indianapolis, holding the bequest to be unambiguous. On appeal, held, reversed. Upon attempted application the bequest was ambiguous and extrinsic evidence was admissible to interpret the language employed. One judge dissented on …
Future Interests-Suspension Of Power Of Alienation-Effect Of Trustee's Power To Sell And Reinvest, Douglas L. Mann S. Ed.
Future Interests-Suspension Of Power Of Alienation-Effect Of Trustee's Power To Sell And Reinvest, Douglas L. Mann S. Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Testatrix' will provided that the residue of her estate was to be held in trust for the benefit of her great-nephews and great-nieces. The income from the trust estate was to be paid to them each year and, when the youngest attained the age of fifty, the corpus was to be divided equally among them. Testatrix left two nephews surviving her. Held, the disposition was valid. There was an implied power in the trustee to sell and reinvest the trust corpus, and therefore, the trust did not violate the statutory prohibition against suspension of the absolute power of alienation. …
Descent And Distribution--The 'Worthier Title" Doctrine In Iowa--A Limitation Established, Lewis R. Williams, Jr. S.Ed.
Descent And Distribution--The 'Worthier Title" Doctrine In Iowa--A Limitation Established, Lewis R. Williams, Jr. S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Testator left his entire estate of less than $7,500 to his wife who had predeceased him. Defendants claimed the estate through operation of the anti-lapse statute, as heirs of the wife. As the distribution statute gave the widow of an intestate the first $7,500 of the estate, plaintiffs, heirs at law of the testator, claimed title on a basis of the "worthier title" doctrine, arguing that the widow, had she lived, would have taken by descent and not by purchase, and therefore the anti-lapse statute did not apply. On appeal from a denial of defendants' motion to transfer the proceeding …
Wills-Discovery Of Will Following Adjudication Of Intestacy-Rights Of Intervening Purchasers, Patrick J. Ledwidge
Wills-Discovery Of Will Following Adjudication Of Intestacy-Rights Of Intervening Purchasers, Patrick J. Ledwidge
Michigan Law Review
At the time of his death in 1945, decedent was the owner of the real estate in question. His estate was administered in the belief that he had died intestate, and the administrator was discharged in August 1946. Thereafter, the property was conveyed by decedent's heirs to buyer, and by buyer in February 1947, to the defendant, a bona fide purchaser. Subsequently, decedent's will was discovered and admitted to probate in December 1947. By the terms of the will, the plaintiff was entitled to a one-half interest in the land. Plaintiff's complaint, asking partition of the land, was dismissed by …
Wills-Statute Requiring Wills To Be Signed At The End Thereof-Facts Constituting Compliance, Roger D. Anderson
Wills-Statute Requiring Wills To Be Signed At The End Thereof-Facts Constituting Compliance, Roger D. Anderson
Michigan Law Review
Testator had properly executed his will in all respects except that following his and witnesses' signatures there appeared a clause appointing executors. New York statute law provided that to be valid a will must be signed at the end by the testator. Surrogate Court had denied probate. On appeal, held, affirmed. The statute was not complied with, for the end of a will is not found until the last word of all the provisions is reached. In re Winter's Will, 98 N.Y.S. (2d) 312 (1950).
Wills-Statute Requiring Wills To Be Signed At The End Thereof-Facts Constituting Compliance, Roger D. Anderson
Wills-Statute Requiring Wills To Be Signed At The End Thereof-Facts Constituting Compliance, Roger D. Anderson
Michigan Law Review
Testator had properly executed his will in all respects except that following his and witnesses' signatures there appeared a clause appointing executors. New York statute law provided that to be valid a will must be signed at the end by the testator. Surrogate Court had denied probate. On appeal, held, affirmed. The statute was not complied with, for the end of a will is not found until the last word of all the provisions is reached. In re Winter's Will, 98 N.Y.S. (2d) 312 (1950).
Agency-Termination-Power Coupled With An Interest, John A. Hellstrom S. Ed.
Agency-Termination-Power Coupled With An Interest, John A. Hellstrom S. Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Martin Gough died intestate leaving three brothers and an alleged wife as survivors. Since there was some doubt whether the woman was his widow and entitled to share in the estate as such, the three brothers agreed that one of their number, Luke, should negotiate a settlement for them with the woman. When this was done James refused to sign and revoked the power, whereupon Luke signed for him. A bill for specific performance of the agreement, brought by intestate's alleged wife, Margaret, and two brothers, Luke and Frank, against James, was dismissed by the lower court. On appeal, held …
Trusts And Estates-Legacies Of Corporate Shares-Right Of Selection, William O. Allen
Trusts And Estates-Legacies Of Corporate Shares-Right Of Selection, William O. Allen
Michigan Law Review
Testator by holographic will bequeathed twenty-five shares of certain stock to legatee, a minor unrelated to the testator. At his death, testator owned twenty-one shares of preferred and fifty-three shares of common stock of the specified type, the preferred stock being the more valuable. Held, legatee had the right to select the most valuable combination of shares possible, or twenty-one shares of preferred and four shares of common stock. In re Connolly's Estate, (Pa. Super. 1950) 71 A. (2d) 856.
Constitutional Law-Power Of State To Discriminate Against Federal Government By Testamentary Transfer Statute, Gordon W. Hueschen
Constitutional Law-Power Of State To Discriminate Against Federal Government By Testamentary Transfer Statute, Gordon W. Hueschen
Michigan Law Review
Decedent, domiciled in California, made a testamentary gift to the United States. By an interpretation of the state probate code, the California Supreme Court held the gift invalid and directed distribution to decedent's heirs. The United States asserted unconstitutional interference with the federal government's power to receive gifts. On appeal to the United States Supreme Court, held, affirmed. The California Probate Code did not violate the supremacy clause of the Constitution, and no unconstitutional discrimination was effected against the federal government thereby, even though the statute allows testamentary gifts by state domiciliaries to the state and prohibits testamentary gifts …
Gifts For The Benefit Of Minors, Austin Fleming
Gifts For The Benefit Of Minors, Austin Fleming
Michigan Law Review
Primarily because of tax incentives, lifetime gifts have become increasingly popular in recent years among persons of wealth. Until the Revenue Act of 1948, such gifts were frequently made between spouses. But the tax advantages of interspousal gifts were greatly lessened by the split-income privilege and the marital deduction, and a new inducement was given to gifts to third persons by the establishment of the right to treat such gifts as being one half from each spouse. As a result, gifts to children and grandchildren have taken on new prominence.