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Articles 1 - 30 of 48
Full-Text Articles in Law
A New Form Of Wmd?: Driving With Mobile Devices And Other Weapons Of Mass Destruction, Linda C. Fentiman
A New Form Of Wmd?: Driving With Mobile Devices And Other Weapons Of Mass Destruction, Linda C. Fentiman
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
This article explores what the legal, sociological, and scientific literature tells us about risky behavior and what the law can – and can’t - do about it. The article focuses on cell phone use – and the push to regulate it - as a parable about the limits of the law in regulating two things which Americans love – advanced technology and the freedom to drive. The article examines the risks – real and perceived – of motorists who drive while using their cell phones to talk or text, providing a scientifically grounded framework to analyze current and proposed laws …
Lincoln At Pace Law School, Marie Stefanini Newman, Taryn L. Rucinski
Lincoln At Pace Law School, Marie Stefanini Newman, Taryn L. Rucinski
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
The authors recount the process of bringing the traveling exhibition Lincoln: The Constitution and the Civil War, to Pace Law Library. They discuss the application process, assembling (and dismantling) the exhibit, marketing efforts, and events and auxiliary exhibits centered around the Lincoln exhibit.
Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing: The Search For Solutions That Are Just Right, John R. Nolon, Tiffany Zezula
Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing: The Search For Solutions That Are Just Right, John R. Nolon, Tiffany Zezula
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
A federal False Claims Act action against Westchester County, New York launched a unique effort to explore whether zoning, subsidies, and advocacy could significantly Increase the percentage of minorities living in largely white communities. A Voluntary Cooperation Agreement entered into by Marin County, California raises a similar question. This article describes the legal background of the lawsuit brought against Westchester County, the Settlement Agreement that arose from it, and the attempt by Westchester County to carry out its obligations to affirmatively further fair housing. It traces the evolution of exclusionary zoning law in New York State courts, contrasts it to …
Privacy Rights: The Virtue Of Protecting A False Reputation, John A. Humbach
Privacy Rights: The Virtue Of Protecting A False Reputation, John A. Humbach
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
What is the virtue of protecting a false reputation? The thesis of this paper is that there is none. There is none, at least, that justifies the suppression of free speech. Yet, there is a growing trend to see the protection of reputation from truth as a key function of the so-called “right of privacy.”
Unfortunately, people often do things that they are not proud of or do not want others to know about. Often, however, these are precisely the things that others want or need to know. For our own protection, each of us is better off being aware …
Arbitration Case Law Update 2012, Jill I. Gross
Arbitration Case Law Update 2012, Jill I. Gross
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Parties to arbitration agreements sometimes invoke the judicial system to litigate collateral issues arising out of the arbitration process, such as arbitrability of some or all of the claims, arbitrator bias, and award enforcement or vacatur. When deciding these collateral issues arising out of securities arbitration, courts interpret and apply the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA). This chapter identifies recent decisions by the Supreme Court under the FAA, as well as selected lower court decisions that could have an impact on securities arbitration practice.
Unlocking The Courthouse Door: Removing The Barrier Of The Plra’S Physical Injury Requirement To Permit Meaningful Judicial Oversight Of Abuses In Supermax Prisons And Isolation Units, Michael B. Mushlin
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
In recent years the number of inmates held in isolation in American prisons has increased dramatically. At the same serious abuses have occurred in these isolation units. These abuses, which include subjecting inmates to degrading, humiliating and unnecessary suffering, often do not cause physical injury. Even though constitutional rights are violated by these acts, federal courts have often failed to provide relief to victims of these abuses. The reason is that the Prison Litigation Reform Act (PLRA) deprives federal courts of the ability to provide relief from degrading and even torturous behavior if there is not physical injury. This article …
When Government Intrudes: Regulating Individual Behaviors That Harm The Environment, Katrina Fischer Kuh
When Government Intrudes: Regulating Individual Behaviors That Harm The Environment, Katrina Fischer Kuh
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Emerging environmental problems and technologies, coupled with the existence of mature regulatory regimes governing most industrial sources of pollution, reveal with new clarity the harms that individual behaviors can inflict on the environment. Changing how individuals impact the environment through their daily behaviors, however, requires a reorientation of environmental law and policy and a balancing of government prerogatives with individual liberty. A growing body of legal scholarship recognizes the environmental significance of individual behaviors, critiques the failure of law and policy to capture harms traceable to individuals, and suggests and evaluates strategies for capturing individual harms going forward. In this …
Race To The Finish Line: Legal Education, Jobs, And The Stuff Dreams Are Made Of, Gary A. Munneke
Race To The Finish Line: Legal Education, Jobs, And The Stuff Dreams Are Made Of, Gary A. Munneke
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
It is true that the recession of 2008–2009 seriously undermined the job market for both new and experienced lawyers. It is also true that legal education is expensive, and many students pay for it through loans that have to be repaid after graduation. And it is well documented that some law schools misstated employment and other statistics in the tight, competitive job market of recent years. But connecting the dots in this case does not lead to a conclusion that our system of legal education is bankrupt or that law school is not an excellent career choice for many students. …
Unsex Mothering: Toward A New Culture Of Parenting, Darren Rosenblum
Unsex Mothering: Toward A New Culture Of Parenting, Darren Rosenblum
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
In this Article, I observe that “mothering” and “fathering” have been inappropriately tethered to biosex. “Mothering” should be unsexed as the primary parental relationship. “Fathering,” correspondingly, should be unsexed from its breadwinner status. In an ideal world, people now considered “mothers” and “fathers” would be “parents” first, a category that includes all forms of caretaking. One could even imagine an androgynous world in which parenting has no sexed subcategories, whether attached to biosex or not. I doubt our world is anywhere near that; I also wonder whether universal androgyny is a utopian ideal worth pursuing. I instead focus in this …
Preplea Disclosure Of Impeachment Evidence, Bennett L. Gershman
Preplea Disclosure Of Impeachment Evidence, Bennett L. Gershman
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Response to R. Michael Cassidy, Plea Bargaining, Discovery, and the Intractable Problem of Impeachment Disclosures, 64 Vand. L. Rev. 1429 (2011)
Reflecting On Measured Deliberations, Nicholas A. Robinson
Reflecting On Measured Deliberations, Nicholas A. Robinson
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
“Environmental law is essential for the protection of natural resources and ecosystems and reflects our best hope for the future of our planet”. This declaration, made by participants at the Rio+20 World Congress on Justice, Governance and Law for Environmental Sustainability, reflects the maturing of environmental law around the world. Usually implicitly, but often explicitly, the deliberations at Rio+20 in June 2012 addressed the dual needs for more effective implementation of existing environmental norms and enacting further laws to stem global degradation of the environment. Rio+20 recommended that, in the autumn of 2012, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) act …
Beyond War: Bin Laden, Escobar, And The Justification Of Targeted Killing, Luis E. Chiesa, Alexander K.A. Greenawalt
Beyond War: Bin Laden, Escobar, And The Justification Of Targeted Killing, Luis E. Chiesa, Alexander K.A. Greenawalt
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Using the May 2011 killing of Osama bin Laden as a case study, this Article contributes to the debate on targeted killing in two distinct ways, each of which has the result of downplaying the centrality of international humanitarian law (IHL) as the decisive source of justification for targeted killings.
First, we argue that the IHL rules governing the killing of combatants in wartime should be understood to apply more strictly in cases involving the targeting of single individuals, particularly when the targeting occurs against nonparadigmatic combatants outside the traditional battlefield. As applied to the bin Laden killing, we argue …
Our Bodies, Our (Tax) Selves, Bridget J. Crawford
Our Bodies, Our (Tax) Selves, Bridget J. Crawford
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
This Article considers important consequences of the commodification of human reproduction. Anyone who has opened a campus newspaper has seen advertisements seeking to match an infertile couple with a young woman who will “donate” her egg (in return for a fee). Some college-age men earn thousands of dollars through regular visits to a sperm bank. The characterization of human ova and sperm cells as transferrable “property” is the very foundation upon which the entire fertility industry rests. But the law of donative transfers has largely ignored the commercial market for human reproductive material. This Article considers how courts and the …
The Delinquent “Toddler”, Merril Sobie
The Delinquent “Toddler”, Merril Sobie
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Twenty-first century juvenile justice jurisprudence has focused on the criminal responsibility of adolescents, including, notably, the interface between psychological and neurological development and social accountability. The focus has led to a growing awareness that teenagers should not be equated with or held as accountable as adults. For example, several states, including Connecticut, Illinois, and Mississippi, have raised the age of criminal responsibility from 16 or 17 to 18, with a corresponding expansion of juvenile court jurisdiction. Of potentially greater significance, the principle of diminished criminal responsibility has gained credibility. Witness, for example, the US Supreme Court holding that capital punishment …
Reliable Science: Overcoming Public Doubts In The Climate Change Debate, Michelle S. Simon
Reliable Science: Overcoming Public Doubts In The Climate Change Debate, Michelle S. Simon
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
This article will consider the case for instituting a domestic agency that would evaluate the findings from Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessments to improve the credibility and legitimacy of those claims and conclusions for multiple purposes. The proposed agency would consider the robustness of an assessment's conclusions by construing the evidence through the lens of Daubert rather than Frye. Part I will outline the public debate about climate science-what the debate is about and why it exists. Part II will examine the current role of the IPCC-what it is and why it has not been successful in legitimating …
The Constitutionality Of Citizen Suit Provisions In Federal Environmental Statutes, Jeffrey G. Miller
The Constitutionality Of Citizen Suit Provisions In Federal Environmental Statutes, Jeffrey G. Miller
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
The Supreme Court’s decisions under the pollution control statutes administered by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reach startlingly anti-environmental results, but they are explained more by the Court’s overwhelming hostility toward the private enforcement of statutes, rather than an anti-environmental bias. Adding insult to injury, in one of the rare victories for private environmental plaintiffs in those decisions, Justice Kennedy queried whether citizen suits intrude on the President’s Article II executive power and violate the separation of power principles. While other Justices have raised the same concern, Justice Kennedy’s invitation is particularly significant because he is a swing vote in …
How Derrick Bell Helped Me Decide To Become An Educator, Not Just A Faculty Member, Vanessa Merton
How Derrick Bell Helped Me Decide To Become An Educator, Not Just A Faculty Member, Vanessa Merton
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Way ahead of the current chorus of critique of American legal education, Derrick Bell was a fierce, but lucid and incisive, critic of every aspect of American legal education, from law professors’ inadequacies, to the repetitive passivity of the law school classroom, to the financial exploitation of students, to the negative consequences of the tenure system. Dean Bell did not merely voice these concerns, he creatively structured his own courses to make them more relevant, effective, and student-centered. The author’s chance encounter with Dean Bell’s 1982 article, The Law Student as Slave, which presaged later calls for wholesale reform of …
The Rio+20 Process: Forward Movement For The Environment?, Ann Powers
The Rio+20 Process: Forward Movement For The Environment?, Ann Powers
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
This commentary summarizes the events at the recent UN Conference on Sustainable Development, commonly referred to as Rio+20, noting both the role of official national delegations and the diversity of non-state parties that were involved in a variety of venues at and around Rio+20. It sketches the background of sustainable development efforts, maps the road from the original 1992 Rio Earth Summit to the 20th anniversary gathering, and comments on the Conference’s outcomes and their implications for international law and legal institutions. In answer to the much debated question of whether the Rio+20 was a success or a failure, or …
Privacy And The Right Of Free Expression, John A. Humbach
Privacy And The Right Of Free Expression, John A. Humbach
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Nobody likes to be talked about but everybody likes to talk. Trying to stop the dissemination of private information is, however, an impingement on free expression and the freedom to observe. A freestanding “right of privacy” that violates these interests is constitutionally permissible only if it can be justified using one of the standard bases for allowing restrictions on First Amendment rights. The three most likely possibilities are that the law in question: (1) can pass strict scrutiny, (2) fall within a recognized “categorical” exception, or (3) places only an “incidental” burden on First Amendment interests. Of these three, only …
Arctic Justice: Addressing Persistent Organic Pollutants, Elizabeth Burleson
Arctic Justice: Addressing Persistent Organic Pollutants, Elizabeth Burleson
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
This article recommends enhanced governance of persistent organic pollutants through incentives to develop environmentally sound, climate friendly technologies as well as caution in developing the Arctic. It highlights the toxicity challenges presented by POPs to Arctic people and ecosystems.
Nature And Nurture: Revisiting The Infant Adoption Process, Barbara L. Atwell
Nature And Nurture: Revisiting The Infant Adoption Process, Barbara L. Atwell
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Adopted children constitute approximately two percent of the United States' childhood population, but are disproportionately represented in mental health settings, where they make up an estimated four to fifteen percent of the population. Science suggests that for those adopted at birth, this discrepancy may be due in part to their abrupt removal from the biological parents. We are now beginning to understand the importance of the bonding that takes place in utero and the infant's awareness at birth. This article suggests three changes to the infant adoption process to align it with scientific knowledge. First, all adults involved in the …
Imagining A Right To Housing, Lying In The Interstices, Shelby D. Green
Imagining A Right To Housing, Lying In The Interstices, Shelby D. Green
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
This article explores whether the philosophical and constitutional predicates for the recognition of a right to housing exist in some form in our nation’s jurisprudence and political order. Part II traces the evolution of the concept of “rights” from that embraced by the country’s founders to the present, how such a right to housing would fit within the dialogue of property rights, the notion of ownership, and the interest in liberty. Part III discusses the historical role of the court in protecting housing. Part IV discusses the notion of protecting rights to housing under existing equal protection and due process …
Who Is Afraid Of Perpetual Trusts?, Bridget J. Crawford
Who Is Afraid Of Perpetual Trusts?, Bridget J. Crawford
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Professor Lawrence Waggoner nominally aims his critique at wealthy individuals who desire perpetual trusts and the lawmakers who enable them by passing favorable legislation. He lodges five specific objections: (1) after a certain period of time, the beneficiaries of perpetual trusts will be insufficiently related to the trust creator; (2) after a certain period of time, there will be too many beneficiaries of a perpetual trust; (3) perpetual trusts will be expensive to manage; (4) outdated trust instruments will hamper management of perpetual trusts; and (5) trustee turnover will negatively impact perpetual trusts. This Essay considers each of his objections …
Reflections On Oceans And Sids, Ann Powers
Reflections On Oceans And Sids, Ann Powers
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
A great deal has already been written about the UN Conference on Sustainable Development and its outcome document, “The Future We Want”. Much of the commentary has been critical of both the process and the document. To understand the process and the final result, it may be useful to look at how one or two issues advanced over the course of the negotiations. Both ocean advocates and representatives of Small Island Developing States (SIDS) seemed relatively satisfied with the results of the conference, and a look at those interlinked matters is interesting.
The Past, Present, And Future Of Critical Tax Theory: A Conversation, Bridget J. Crawford
The Past, Present, And Future Of Critical Tax Theory: A Conversation, Bridget J. Crawford
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
The publication of Taxing America in 1997 is a key milestone in the development of critical tax theory as an intellectual discipline. By identifying and bringing together lawyers and scholars with an interest in the political and discriminatory aspects of tax law, Professor Karen B. Brown and Professor Mary Louise Fellows created one of the first—if not the first—working group of critical tax theorists. The significance of Taxing America is underappreciated both by self-identified critical tax scholars and by others. A published history of the “Critical Tax Conference” notes its antecedents in conferences held in 1995 and 1997, but makes …
A Blueprint For Blogger Involvement In Academic Legal Symposia, Bridget J. Crawford
A Blueprint For Blogger Involvement In Academic Legal Symposia, Bridget J. Crawford
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
This essay reflects on my experience as the “featured blogger” at the Michigan State Law Review symposium Gender and the Legal Profession's Pipeline to Power and maps out possible models for future blogger involvement in other academic legal symposia. Successful blogger involvement in live academic events requires contributors who will write without much time to revise and organizers who will cede control over the way the conference is interpreted and discussed by others. Ultimately, I judge this experiment at the intersection of scholarly dialogue, legal education, and cyberspace to be a success. Blog-based conversations continued after the actual symposium and …
Hydrofracking: Disturbances Both Geological And Political: Who Decides?, John R. Nolon
Hydrofracking: Disturbances Both Geological And Political: Who Decides?, John R. Nolon
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
There is much controversy about the mining of shale gas through a process known as hydraulic fracturing (hydrofracking) in the Marcellus Shale formation, one of the largest shale gas areas in the world. A debate is raging about its economic benefits and environmental impacts as the New York State’s Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) considers what standards to require when it issues permits to drillers. New York State law gives permitting authority to DEC and calls into question the historical home rule authority of localities to control the location and land use impacts of gas wells, through comprehensive planning, zoning, …
Support And Defend: Civil-Military Relations In The Age Of Obama, Mark R. Shulman
Support And Defend: Civil-Military Relations In The Age Of Obama, Mark R. Shulman
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Part I discusses A More Perfect Military: How the Constitution Can Make Our Military Stronger by law professor Diane Mazur, a new book that examines recent civil-military relations in the United States. Her carefully constructed work maintains that since the Vietnam era, the United States Supreme Court has hewn the armed forces from general society in order to create a separate—and more socially conservative—sphere. Part II discusses The Decline and Fall of the American Republic by constitutional scholar Bruce Ackerman, a wise and wide-ranging book that argues that the nation’s polity is in decline and that the increasingly politicized armed …
Obligatory Health, Noa Ben-Asher
Obligatory Health, Noa Ben-Asher
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
The Supreme Court will soon rule on the constitutionality of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act passed in March 2010. Courts thus far are divided on the question whether Congress had authority under the Commerce Clause to impose the Act's "Individual Mandate" to purchase health insurance. At this moment, the public and legal debate can benefit from a clearer understanding of the underlying rights claims. This Article offers two principal contributions. First, the Article argues that, while the constitutional question technically turns on the interpretation of congressional power under the Commerce Clause, underlying these debates is a tension between …
Managing Climate Change Through Biological Sequestration: Open Space Law Redux, John R. Nolon
Managing Climate Change Through Biological Sequestration: Open Space Law Redux, John R. Nolon
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Climate change management involves strategies that mitigate its causes and adapt human communities to its consequences. This article describes a legal strategy that does both: a national biological sequestration policy. This policy will increase the amount of carbon dioxide emissions that biological sequestration currently removes from the atmosphere and will enable human settlements to adapt to the harsh effects of a changing climate, while realizing a number of other objectives that preserved open space preservation achieves. The article sketches the influences of international and national climate change law, which largely ignore the benefits of biological sequestration on privately owned land …