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Where The Twain Shall Meet: Standing And Remedy In Alaska Center For The Environment V. Browner, Carl E. Bruch
Where The Twain Shall Meet: Standing And Remedy In Alaska Center For The Environment V. Browner, Carl E. Bruch
Duke Environmental Law & Policy Forum
In 1994, the Ninth Circuit affirmed standing for citizens to sue to compel the EPA Administrator to undertake a statewide TMDL program. Although the citizens had standing for only some of the water-quality-limited waters in Alaska, the court held that the underlying cause of action was the EPA's failure to initiate the TMDL process for Alaska. This Note proposes that the court improperly reasoned its way to the correct holding. Like the EPA, the court confused standing to sue with the ultimate scope of the remedy. This Note proposes a three-step analysis to consider issues of standing and remedy. The …
Crossroads For Federal Enforcement Of The Clean Air Act, Joyce M. Martin
Crossroads For Federal Enforcement Of The Clean Air Act, Joyce M. Martin
Duke Environmental Law & Policy Forum
A major goal of the Clean Air Act 1 (hereinafter CAA or "Act") is to "protect and enhance the quality of the Nation's air resources." 2 The Act uses a two tiered approach to accomplish this goal. First, the Act focuses on the national attainment and maintenance of National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for "criteria" pollutants, 3 and second, the Act also sets specific standards for known hazardous air pollutants (HAPS) 4 . The Act emphasizes throughout its text that air quality problems are national in scope and often cross state boundaries. 5 Congress clearly intended that enforcement of …